New Sensor Provides First Instant Test For Toxic E. coli Organism
...says Stevens, "Wehave made synthetic surfaces that mimic the unique cellular binding sites forthe toxins produced by E. coli 0157:H7 interactions. When these toxins areproduced, they hunt around for places to bind. When they find the rightreceptor site, they attempt to bind. This activity in humans causes...Birds Deal With "Cocktail Party Effect"
...t. And I picked starlings becausethey can learn to mimic other sounds, even sounds like humanspeech that are not part of their natural world. That meant Icould work with synthetic as well as natural sounds to studytheir hearing abilities." To begin, the scientist trained birds to peck two differentkey...Molecular Imposter Rebuts Long
... the shape of the base thymine in DNA.This thymine mimic lacks the slightly charged regions needed toform h...hymine's normal partner base,adenine. But when the mimic was placed into a strand of DNA, thescientists got a surprise: The cell's DNA-copyingmachinery corre...Purdue Researchers Prod Plants To Clean Up Pollution
...me aware of research that showed how strontium can mimic calcium in biological systems. "I theorized that since calcium and strontium are so similar, plant cells might take up strontium and incorporate it into calcium oxalate crystals, and that should increase the plants' capacity for strontium," Webb says...New Vaccine Blocks Viral Entry In Cattle, May Have Implications For Human Vaccines
...re injected into muscle where they are supposed to mimic an actual infection, priming the immune system so it responds quickly when the real virus enters an animal or person. "When you inject a vaccine into a muscle, the immune system in a lymph node nearby makes antibodies that circulate in the blood an...Emory Researchers Advance Gene Therapy Studies For Metastatic Melanoma Treatment
...ated with the GM-CSF gene. "Our next step is to mimic the human condition even more closely," says Dr. Armstrong. "We are developing cell lines that will metastasize in the mouse just like you'd see in a human. Then we will inject the GM-CSF gene directly into the established tumor in the mouse to see...Stopping "Cellular Suicide" Could Boost Production In Biotech Labs
...h says. Heis alsoexperimenting with chemicals that mimic the effects of bcl-2 whenadded tocells that are already growing in the lab. "Maybe our cells seethe signalsthat tell them to commit suicide," Betenbaugh says. "But we canhalt thatprocess before it hits the point of no return. Instead of dyingafter tw...Study: Hydrogen Bonds Aren't Key To DNA Pairing After All
...s and studiedwhether a polymerase would insert the mimic itself opposite anadenine template. Not only was the mimic inserted opposite adenine, it was chosen as adenine's partner with nearly the same frequency as thym...Bowman Gray Scientists Find Novel Way To Block AIDS Virus
...tions." Chen and his colleagues set out to mimic the natural resistance of thegenetically defective individuals. They designed a novel approach, termed"intracellular chemokine" ? intrakine for short ? to genetically inactivate aCXC-chemokine coreceptor, or CXCR4 for short. This CXCR4 co-receptor ...Chlamydia Vaccine Developed At UMass
...eated an easy-to-handle protein molecule which can mimic the harder-to-handle glycolipid," Stuart explains. "And the cells which make this antibody replicate endlessly, so we can make as much as we need." The group has so far had two patents issued, one for "Chlamydial Vaccine and Processes" and a...Infants, Toddlers Should Not Restrict Fat Intake, Experts Say
... says. "The companies that make the formula should mimic human milk as closely as possible. These companies are aware, at least, that this is important, and they are working on this." Watkins agrees with Hennig: "We don't know the essential fatty acids that are needed for bone and cartilage development. Fo...Females' Siren Song Initiates Courtship Duets In African Frogs, Columbia Biologists Find
...g," she said. "I hit on 'rapping' because it does mimic thesound, which is something like a Geiger counter." Professor Kelley had already shown that the Xenopus male's brain andmale muscles are specialized for his prolonged courtship songs and that thesecretion of male sex hormones, androgens, are...Can The Economic Promise Of Drug Discovery Continue To Preserve The Suriname Forest?
...have not done that because wedon't have tests that mimic whole-body responses." Pharmaceutical companies are interested in the fundamental biochemistryof disease and have highly specific biochemical assays that they believe providetargets for novel compounds. "We said to ourselves, 'These ...Spinal Cord Injury Treatment May Improve With New Findings On Nervous System Damage
...anbe stimulated in the laboratory with a glutamate mimic called NMDA. Subsequent experiments convinced the...efore behaved more like they do in the brain." To mimic the conditions that follow stroke, Goldberg and McDonald transientlydeprived cultured oligodendrocyt...Duke Researchers Genetically Engineer Mice To Block Heart Enlargement
... Then the researchers induced pressure overload, a mimic for high bloodpressure in people, in the transgenic mice and in normal mice. The hearts of themice with the decoy protein enlarged about 13 percent, compared to 40 percent innormal mice. Koch and his colleagues next plan to study the effect o...... apoE. "So lipoprotein particles that may mimic those secreted by astrocytes inthe brain have different effects on neuronal structure according to whether theycontain apoE3 or apoE4," Holtzman says. "One could speculate that such an effecton structural plasticity might provide a common mechanism f......etic environment, the field or its modulationcould mimic a heartbeat," Woody explained. "The pacemaker could detectthat signal as a heartbeat and be confused. That's why historicallymedical device manufacturers have <AHREF="http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/emc/index.html">tested their devices invarious el...Molecular "Fossils" Of Early Life
... the Yale biologists created the versatile protein mimic from DNA,Breaker theorizes that a similar enzyme could be created with RNA, which manyscientists believe is the strongest candidate for being the precursor of allother life forms. In addition to RNA's dual function as genetic molecule and asenzyme, ...Increased Interest In "Smart" Materials Is Reported
...aterials are being developed that could be used to mimic biologicsystems, notably in artificial limbs--in which they could sense and adjust tochanges in temperature, pressure, electrical current, pH balance and magneticfield, according to James A. Harvey, who is an adjunct professor at OregonGraduate Inst...Third Annual Awards For Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Recognize Innovations
... TheRohm and Haas insecticides, on the other hand, mimic a chemical signal thattells the developing pests to molt. The company says caterpillars and beetlegrubs stop eating shortly after exposure and soon die. The signal, called20-hydroxy ecdysone, neither occurs nor has any function even in spiders,honeyb...