Research team unlocks secrets of the firefly flash
...the research team. Remarkably, when NO is around, mitochondrial oxygen use stops cold. Scientists have known that ...e the nearby photocytes, and brings the process of mitochondrial respiration to a screeching halt. No longer used up by the mitochondrial gatekeepers, oxygen can now......ty. But the current molecular method of using mitochondrial DNA to classify how mammals evolved is so flawed t...d very different mammals, the scientists said. The mitochondrial DNA method of analyzing mammals has turned on its head the common-sense approach of linking mammals ...DNA analysis of salamanders turns up new species under almost every log, UC Berkeley zoologists find
...d they were of the same species. Analysis of their mitochondrial DNA revealed, however, that they were two separate species that just happened to find the same solution - slim down and stretch out - to the problem of burrowing. Apparently, they evolved from similar ancestors with a more general salamander body pla...New great white shark study has conservation implications
...ion in New Zealand. The researchers looked at both mitochondrial DNA which is passed down only by the female of th...m the cell nucleus passed on by both parents. The mitochondrial results indicated the "female-mediated " gene flow of great whites between different ocean basins is...Footprints of early human migration left in DNA
...lished in BMC Genetics examines footprints left in mitochondrial DNA leading to the conclusion that after humans mi...ersity of La Laguna in Spain analysed the complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of 42 people, including representatives of all the major sequence related lineages in t...Mothers transmit DNA through daughters only
...tists have argued whether or not the often-studied mitochondrial DNA molecule is clonally inherited. It is with ass...his weeks issue of Nature. Their results show that mitochondrial DNA is stably transmitted from mothers to their offspring only. This clonal inheritance indeed makes...Regulation of vascular tone by a secreted mitochondrial peptide
...is a large, multi-subunit complex expressed in the mitochondrial inner membrane, where it uses the energy from oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP. Surprisingly, this complex can also be found on the plasma membrane of endothelial and other cells, and the fact that it appears to be biologically active sugge...New generation of leaders in cancer research honored
...ing role in the death process by releasing several mitochondrial proteins including cytochrome C, an essential part of the cell's energy-making machinery. "We now have a pretty good idea of what signals are involved in programmed cell death," Dr. Wang said. "What we don't yet know is how these signals are linked ...Skin expert issues winter sports warning
...after a winter sports holiday. This damage in the mitochondrial DNA provides a ready made 'diary' of past exposure to the sun. This will help determine the specific steps an individual will need to take to avoid excessive sun exposure and decrease the risk of developing skin cancer....Investigating a 'protective gene' against alcoholism
...es in particular - alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) - are highly involved in alcohol metabolism. The ADH2*3 allele (a variation of the gene) has been documented to occur only in persons of African descent and certain Native American tribes. A study in the December issue...CNS cell death in bacterial meningitis
...ependent cell death pathway. In this response, the mitochondrial protein apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) translocates to the nucleus, where it activates some of the early events in apoptosis, including chromosomal condensation, DNA cleavage, and translocation of phosphatidylserine to the cell surface. Here, Braun ...Genetic marker tells squash domestication story
...etwork and the University of Puerto Rico establish mitochondrial DNA analysis as a powerful tool for understanding relationships among flowering plants. A comparison of mtDNA from cultivated squash, pumpkins, gourds and their wild ancestors strongly supports hypotheses based on archeological and ethnobotanical ev...Proceedings available for conference on sex and gene expression
...fe, on cognitive functions. Maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA and paternally inherited Y chromosome DNA as t...chondrial diseases contributions from nuclear and mitochondrial genes. Strategies for understanding gene-environment interactions underlying common diseases. X ......acetyl-L-carnitine, when fed to old rats, improved mitochondrial activity. The two thought this might be a way to r...ation of lipoic acid and acetyl-carnitine improved mitochondrial activity and thus cellular metabolism, and increased levels of various chemicals known to decline wi...Compounds rejuvenate rats, may aid humans
...then fall victim to them, Hagen said. This loss of mitochondrial function and its impact on metabolic function is a...gens laboratory has documented a severe decline of mitochondrial function, a slower metabolic rate and reduced cognitive function. He has shown that the antioxidants...Humans emerged 'out of Africa' again and again
...lyzed human genetic trees for maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA, paternally inherited Y-chromosomal DNA, and e...ile most other genetic analyses focus on just one, mitochondrial DNA, for instance. It also differs from most approaches because it uses a statistical approach with......rocesses. All proteins (with the exception of some mitochondrial and chloroplast proteins) are synthesized on ribosomes in the cytosol, but depending upon their function, the proteins are transported to their specific place of action. Since subcellular localization is a strong indicator of protein function, Dr. Sn...Mitokor publishes human mitochondrial genome sequencing study - American Journal of Human Genetics
...ation of a large, wide ranging study analyzing the mitochondrial DNA sequences of more than 500 individuals of diff...med at uncovering the association of variations in mitochondrial DNA with diseases of aging such as Alzheimers and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The data may be accessed...Link found between low birth weight and DNA from mothers
...ouses" that control energy production in cells and mitochondrial inheritance is only passed along to offspring by t...extended family to determine the subtle effects of mitochondrial DNA," said Ha. "No one has clean data from human studies because of environmental factors such as s...Damaged DNA synthesis enzyme shown to cause progressive muscle weakening
... that in the replication of a subset of genes (the mitochondrial genes) a damaged enzyme makes errors ten-fold to 1...enzyme frequently makes mistakes while copying the mitochondrial genes, and the accumulation of the mistakes causes the muscle weakness to progress," according to on...