Molecular traffic cop directs cellular signals
...itch that influences the activity of key signaling molecules by restricting the location of the activated molecules within the cell. The research, published in the July issue of Developmental Cell , provides new in...Warren Pharmaceuticals publishes results of preclinical evaluation
...n. Warren and its collaborators have synthesized molecules exhibiting only the tissue-protective effects of E...ide effects. This new work demonstrates that these molecules provide neuroprotection against stroke, spinal cord compression, diabetic neuropathy and are effecti...Lack of immune system protein prevents lupus-like condition in mice
...H2D1A, affects the activity of a number of surface molecules on immune system cells known as lymphocytes. Earli...w those interactions take place. "We know a lot of molecules that are important to the activation of T and B cells, but we have never understood what was importa...UNC research accelerates discovery of novel gene function
...asily modify the library to find peptides or small molecules with potential to act as inhibitors for a particular cellular state or pathway. Doing so would drastically accelerate the process of high-throughput drug design and testing, taking gene candidates from cell culture to the animal model." The technique...Technology could enhance accuracy of breast biopsy
...ange, which allows them to probe a large number of molecules but with limited sampling depth. Initially, they used the probe to analyze healthy and cancerous tissue samples from patients who underwent surgery and identified cancerous tissue with 90-percent accuracy. Now, with two grants totaling more than $1...UCSD team determines cellular stress within body is critical
...s. Osmotic stress occurs when the concentration of molecules in solution outside of the cell is different than that inside the cell. When this happens, water flows either into or out of the cell by osmosis, thereby altering the intracellular environment. Hyperosmotic stress causes water to diffuse out of the...New compound 'highly efficacious' at reducing human tumour growth
...platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-RTKs are two molecules known to be involved in tumour angiogenesis. The new compound, called 'ZK-CDK', is a novel, chemically synthesized small molecule ATP-competitive kinase inhibitor that is unique in that combines the inhibition of tumour cell growth as well as inhibi...Crystal structure for anthrax-cell binding complex
...esolution, which makes it possible to design small molecules that will interact with PA and prevent the binding...plex. "We can exploit the differences to design PA molecules that bind better to TEM8 than to CMG2," says Liddington, "which would minimize the side effects of t...JCI table of contents, 1 July 2004
...elin, there was an inhibition of the production of molecules involved in the body's inflammatory response. The results here may further our understanding of anorexia and obesity, and support a role for ghrelin as a potential therapeutic target in such disorders. TITLE: Ghrelin inhibits leptin- and activation-i...ORNL adds three R&D 100s to DOE lab-leading total
...ass of only a few nanograms, allows only explosive molecules to chemically adsorb to a sensor that can identify the molecule. SniffEx is an improvement over other explosive detection products (such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/surface acoustic wave devices) because of its sub-...Microscopy scans show how brain cells process energy
...e photons will interact with individual biological molecules at the same time, combining their energies. The cumulative effect is the equivalent of delivering one photon with twice the energy (half the wavelength, in the case of two-photon excitation) or three times the energy (one-third the wavelength in thre......s one of the master regulators of cell motilitythe molecules driving the process that places the cell's "hands"...phosphorylationto attach phosphate groups to other molecules inside the cells in order to modify their function. Pak attaches its phosphate to two serine resid...Basic RNA enzyme research promises single-molecule biosensors
...ty, use techniques that allow them to study single molecules of RNA enzymes, also known as ribozymes. Like the ... Researchers want to learn how changes in ribozyme molecules affect their activity, both to better understand how evolution has shaped ribozymes to carry out the...Measuring blood sugar with a wave of the arm
...er of paint, the frequency changes." Likewise, the molecules in a magnetoelastic sensor vibrate in the presence of a magnetic field, and the frequency varies with different chemical coatings. Grimes' glucose sensor is coated with a polymer that responds to changes in acidity, and then coated with the chemical ...Innovative efforts target epigenetics, molecular imaging
...for imaging biological systems at the level of DNA molecules (genomes) and RNA molecules (transcriptomes). The center will receive $2 million annually in CEGS funding for five years. Specif...New computational tools to aid in protein research
...nts measure a protein, reporting distances between molecules and angles of chemical bonds, but the data doesn't indicate which atoms or bonds the measurements correspond to. "It's a little like taking all the heights and weights of everyone at a cocktail party, but you don't know which height goes with which p...New York City study shows newborns more susceptible to pollution than their mothers
... protein complexes formed when a chemical binds to molecules of DNA, and cotinine, a measure of second-hand tobacco smoke exposure, since the mothers were all nonsmokers. Previous research has shown an association between DNA adducts and increased cancer risk. Despite the estimated 10-fold lower dose of the po...To understand innate immunity, silence the genome
...tivate immune cell signaling pathways, and produce molecules able to thwart a pathogenic attack. This system of... Foley and O'Farrell's RNAi screen identified many molecules involved in signaling, including two new genes: one, which they named sickie, is required to cause t...New designed paclitaxel analog kills more cancer cells than natural product
...Kingston, his colleagues, and Snyder then designed molecules with bridges between a ring and a short side chain...now that we know that shape, we can design simpler molecules with a similar shape, which is what we are doing now," Kingston said. The team is optimistic that si...Molecule that 'blocks' key bacterial enzyme may lead to new antibiotics
...d back through the loop, MccJ25 is one of very few molecules known to have this highly stable and rigid configuration a characteristic that may lead to applications beyond drug design. "MccJ25's sturdy structure permits it to withstand all sorts of harsh environmental conditions," said Severinov. Beca...