Study of dyslexic brain finds three word forms responsible for reading success
...ure-nurture interactions" Aylward said. "Genes and neurons constrain learning, but instruction may exert specific effects on specific brain functions in specific brain regions. This research also has educational significance for preventing and treating reading disabilities. Language has multiple components,...Dyslexics not doomed to life of reading difficulties
...d form in addition to the meaning form. "Genes and neurons constrain learning, but instruction may exert effects on specific brain functions in specific brain regions," Aylward said. "Language has multiple components, each of which has a different biological basis and must be orchestrated in very precise wa...'Bat saliva' drug and new MRI techniques offer hope for acute stroke treatment
...y-backing a second therapy to reduce the damage to neurons themselves." Phase III of the study is expected to begin in upcoming months with the goal of proving clinical effectiveness to get one step closer to FDA clearance....MIT team discovers memory mechanism
...ories. This mechanism explains how signals between neurons stimulate production of the protein building block...eurons. Researchers have known for many years that neurons must turn on the synthesis of new proteins for long-term memory storage and synaptic strengthening t......g evidence that mad cow disease prions cannot kill neurons on their own and that normal, healthy cellular pri...s present evidence that scrapie prions cannot kill neurons on their own. They required normal cellular prions to be present. Furthermore, Williamson...Genetic screening recommended to detect new neurodegenerative disorder in men over age 50
...bodies in the nuclei of brain cells, (specifically neurons and astrocytes) throughout the cortex and brainstem regions. The greatest densities were found in the hippocampus and frontal cortical regions, areas of the brain that control movement and are important in learning, memory and emotion. "The format...Gene predisposes infants to neurologic injury after heart surgery
...E ε2 gene variant may decrease the ability of neurons to repair themselves following open heart surgery,...y transports cholesterol in the blood, also affect neurons in the brain in ways that are incompletely understood, but which play a role in repair of the brain ......al nervous system. In addition, knowing how these neurons regenerate could provide insights into fixing neurons in the central nervous system where damage is irreversible. Nerve cells are uniquely shaped, consis......Bagdasarian, Ahissar recorded the transmissions of neurons that connect whiskers to the brain. Tracking these...ept over objects, they saw that two basic types of neurons came into play. The first, which they call whisking neurons, respond solely to the whisking motion i...Rutgers scientists discover protein in brain affects learning and memory
...n and dendrite growth. When she looked closely at neurons in the lab, she found cypin only in certain neurons "neurons that tended to be more fuzzy," as she described those with increased dendrites. Stimulat...JCI Table of Contents, January 15 2004
...es have suggested that ganglioside accumulation in neurons alone cannot completely explain the nerve cell dam...i-ganglioside autoantibodies and IgG deposition on neurons of the central nervous system. Disruption of the Fc receptor gene, which plays a key role in immune-...Gene may be key to evolution of larger human brain
... produced by the gene might regulate the number of neurons produced by cell division in the cerebral cortex. Lahn and his colleagues plan functional comparisons of the ASPM protein among different species, to understand how this gene's function or regulation changes with evolution....Keck Foundation grant launches interdisciplinary brain research at Illinois
...and chemical studies of the complex interaction of neurons in the brains, initially focusing on those found in giant mollusks, rats and mice, with the ultimate goal of identifying natural chemical signatures to restore proper wiring and functioning in malfunctioning brains....Gene essential for development of normal brain connections resulting from sensory input discovered
...elieve these structural changes are initiated when neurons are activated, causing calcium ions to flow into c...known to mediate these changes in the structure of neurons in response to calcium. "We discovered the gene CREST using a new method we developed to identify ge...Purdue research suggests 'nanotubes' could make better brain probes
...t only caused less scar tissue but also stimulated neurons to grow 60 percent more fingerlike extensions, cal...er said. The crucifix-shaped protein then helps neurons sprout neurites, while suppressing the formation of scar tissue. The tube-shaped molecules of car...'Mad cow' mechanism may be integral to storing memory
...ervous-system synapses, the junctions that connect neurons in the brain. Memories are contained within that intricate network of approximately 1 trillion neurons and their synapses. With experience and learning, new junctions form and others are strengthened. CP...Regenerative chemical turns muscle cells into stem cells
...e diseases like Parkinson's, in which dopaminergic neurons in the brain are lost, may be ameliorated by regenerating neurons. Another example of a potential medical application is Type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune condition in which pancreatic islet cells are destroyed by the body's immune system. Because stem ...Researchers identify key player in respiratory memory
...he nerve cells in the brain send messages to motor neurons along the spine, which then tell certain muscles involved in breathing to work harder. As a result, a person may take deeper breaths. If the breathing disruption is experienced regularly, the respiratory system remembers the disruption and most likel...Chemical gradient steers nerve growth in spinal cord
...ago. "This is exciting to scientists because these neurons are the primary model system we use to understand ...eurons, which are found in the spinal cord. These neurons receive sensory signals such as pain, heat or cold from the primary neurons that reach from the hand...Scientists solve puzzle of how kinesin motor molecules walk or limp across cells
... loaded with neurotransmitters that are needed for neurons to function, and moves them very long distances along microtubules." A mere three-millionths of an inch long, a typical kinesin molecule has a tail on one end that hauls the cargo and two globular heads on the other end that alternately grab the micr...