Agronomists offer alternative approaches to gulf pollution
...ey need." A first step to reduce the amount of nitrate runoff would be to improve tiledrainage-water mana...from below ground." A second key factor in nitrate leaching is bare ground, according toBrouder. "Nitrogen exists in the soil in several different ...Biodiversity yields dividends, finds pan-European research
...on effects on productivity, nutrient cycling, soil nitrate leaching, decomposition, canopy architecture, comp... a continental scale. Concentrations of soil water nitrate were higher than the European official limit for drinking water under situations of low diversity. F...Fertilizers linked to amphibian deaths
... can be highly susceptible to fairly low levels of nitrate and nitrite exposure. When exposed to moderate a...eclines in others. We now have clear evidence that nitrate and nitrite exposure at levels considered safe for humans or fish is enough to kill amphibians." B...UF research suggests widely used models may under predict pollution
...said. The particles in the tests included ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate aerosols, both common particles in urban areas, she said. Atkinson said Andino's results would have little impact on the computer models in use by cities currently, but they are intriguing. "If it's true for more alcohols, then...Amphibian declines complicated, disturbing
...ight be that UV-B radiation, or pathogens, or high nitrate levels by themselves would not be enough to cause death or deformity. Put them all together and you have far more serious impacts, he said. Such as the 14 species of amphibians that have disappeared from Australia in recent years. The five species of...Sewage in urban runoff may spur growth of harmful algal blooms
...runoff, over inorganic fare such as ammonium and nitrate that occurs naturally in the ocean. When excess nutrients cross their paths, these single-celled organisms, called dinoflagellates, can grow into potentially toxic blankets of algae commonly known as red tides. The new findings, published in th...Arctic ozone depletion linked to longevity of polar stratospheric clouds, according to studies
...cades by humans initially were tied up as chlorine nitrate or hydrochloric acid, both of which are non-reactive. But if there is a surface area to attach to like the polar stratospheric cloud ice crystals, the chlorine compounds change into ozone-gobbling chlorine radicals in late winter and early spring af...Hyporheic zone appears key to nitrogen remediation in streams
...n as oxygen demand and 10 percent to 50 percent of nitrate uptake. The results suggest that the retention of nitrate in the stream increases with the size of the hyporheic zone.Steven A. Thomas, a research scientist i...Scientists track phosphate to better understand global warming
... soils and in ocean ecosystems, plants have enough nitrate (another nutrient whose scarcity limits growth) but not enough phosphorus. Crop harvesting can deplete phosphorus from agricultural lands, and old, weathered soils hold onto phosphate tightly, reducing its availability to plants. Most phosphate ferti...UC Davis science newstips Feb 01
...lfide seeping from cracks in the seafloor, and use nitrate in seawater instead of oxygen. One example is Thiomargarita namibiensis, a giant bacteria that grows to almost a millimeter in size -- 100 times the size of any other known bacterium. Thiomargarita was discovered in 1999 in deep water off the coast o...One change in farming makes for cleaner waterways
...orus by about 48 percent. However, in both rivers, nitrate levels increased by about 10 percent. And while the conservation tillage that most farmers in the area adopted resulted in less soil erosion and decreased pollutant ......face aquifer development on wetlands preservation, nitrate concentration, and the state's goal of reducing nitrogen loading by 30 percent. It suggests that North Carolina may benefit from a more holistic approach to managing its coastal aquifer systems and interconnected stream network. Utilization of the ...Small streams important in controlling nitrogen
...as the free mineral form of nitrogen, specifically nitrate (NO3) and ammonium (NH4). "This was a most gratifying project because of the enthusiastic involvement of many of the top stream ecologists from around the United States who shared ideas and data unselfishly," says Mulholland, the project leader. ...E. coli bacteria may be more useful than you think
... of their main sources of energy. The avoidance of nitrate is actually a disadvantage to E. coli, but the fact that this manufactured protein works suggests that novel biosensors can be created to meet a designer's specifications. The advantage of this system is that receptors on the surface of E. coli cells...Restoring wetlands much more than 'just add water'
...verted to nitrogen gas by soil bacteria, the early nitrate load may tip the balance in favor of weeds. Compounding the problem, the fragmented landscape prevents all but common weedy species from making the leap to the next wetland. Swales (intermittently flooded drainage areas) and rivers, however, can conn...Efficient fertilizer use could benefit river without hurting crop yields
...here could have been a 33 percent reduction in the nitrate flux in the Mississippi River and Gulf of Mexico. ...e needed to achieve the same level of reduction of nitrate movement to the gulf, but our results indicate that increasing the efficiency of fertilizer use may ...Virginia Tech study may help develop more effective clean up of gasoline spills
...not present, bacteria can use other TEAPs, such as nitrate reduction, iron reduction, sulfate reduction, and methanogenesis, to break down gasoline compounds. "Our study is looking at two specific TEAPs, iron reduction and methanogenesis," Spain said. "Were studying how the heterogeneities of Fe(III) concen......r study indicate that carbon dioxide inhibition of nitrate assimilation contributes to this phenomenon and su...g fertilized with two different forms of nitrogen: nitrate and ammonium. Nitrogen is an element that is key to producing proteins and nucleic acids such as DNA...