Scientists close in on trigger of insulin resistance
...ll, but simple sugars are used all the time in the nucleus and cytoplasm to modify proteins. It's this glycosylation that happens inside the cell, involving simple sugars, that is the key in insulin resistance." The "simple sugar" to which he refers is O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine, a complex name that c...Scientists discuss microbial pathogenesis in era of bioterrorism, drug resistance
...els inside the nerve back toward the neuronal cell nucleus in the central nervous system. Dr. Bearer's work provided evidence that a single transport mechanism was responsible for this movement. Now, in new work reported at Experimental Biology 2002, Dr. Bearer believes she is coming close to identifying th...Diabetes tied to altering of the heart's circadian clock
...cks. The former is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) where a central pacemaker perceives light signals via the retina, which resets its mechanism. Peripheral clocks are those clocks located within other regions of the organism besides the SCN. The central and peripheral clocks require synchron...Link found between low birth weight and DNA from mothers
...eople tend to look at DNA as only being inside the nucleus of a cell. However, there also is DNA in the cytoplasm that surrounds the nucleus inside the cell membrane. Some of this DNA is found in mitochondria." Mitochondria are structure...Gene may link alcohol drinking and stress, mouse study suggests in Science
...ions that are relatively sensitive to alcohol. The nucleus accumbens is the most important part of the brain's reward system; all re-enforcing properties of alcohol come from here. And, the hippocampus is important for memory and environmental conditioning. While the details aren't clear yet, Spanagel's team...Gene thats key to cloning success also hints at serious hurdles to reproductive cloning
...s, mammalian cloning -- in which an ordinary cells nucleus is transferred to an egg whose nucleus has been removed -- remains remarkably inefficient. Fewer than three in 100 cloned mouse embryos su...Buffalo neuroimaging researchers studying multiple sclerosis from inside human brain
...e developing a "standardized" image of the caudate nucleus in brains of patients that will serve as a model f... laboratories have studied the role of the caudate nucleus in Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease. The BNAC is the only center studying it in MS patie......served in the ventral striatum, which includes the nucleus accumbens, the area of the brain thought to be res...food reward. "We and others previously thought the nucleus accumbens was the primary brain region associated with regulating food intake by modulating reward a...Rising expectations from new yeast study
... of a protein called a MAPK, which enters the cell nucleus and affects targets that block cell division. To resume division, the cells must turn off the mating signal. Exactly how this worked was unclear until Metodiev and Stone, using a research technique called proteomics, discovered that the other part o...Rats depleted of salt become sensitized to amphetamine, show unusual growth of brain cells
...lene Bernstein, discovered that nerve cells in the nucleus accumbens of sensitized rats have more branches an... 30 percent to 35 percent longer than normal. The nucleus accumbens, located in the forebrain, is involved in the reward and motivation system in rats and in ...Penn State College of Medicine researchers correct scientific theory about how gene switch works
...als that a protein previously thought to be in the nucleus of the cell actually resides in the cytoplasm, the...ght by scientists that GAL3p was found only in the nucleus of a cell. But, in fact, the work of a graduate student in Hopper's lab, Gang Peng, shows that GAL3p...Physics tip sheet #21 July 10, 2002
...high energy collisions in which it appeared that a nucleus corresponding to element 118 had been produced; in each case the nucleus had quickly decayed into daughter nuclei. Two years later these same researchers came to believe tha...Nerve cells' death different from other cells'
... genetic material to collapse. "AIF entering the nucleus seems to be the point of no return -- once it gets...An intriguing finding was that AIF transfer to the nucleus came before release of a molecule called caspase, an initial step in classically defined apoptosis. ...Researchers discover new insight into a common signaling pathway
... gene expression if trimeric Smad3 is bound in the nucleus by Ski, a corepressor? The authors reason that the trimeric form of Smad3 is probably also recognized by coactivators in the nucleus, which would compete with Ski for Smad3 binding and ultimately establish the appropriate balance between transcriptio...Discovery sheds light on how breast cancer cells progress to more aggressive forms
...g for the estrogen receptor molecule in the cell's nucleus - the command center of the cell and the place whe...ly, pathologists look for estrogen receptor in the nucleus of cancer cells," Dr. Kumar says. "If they don't find it there, they classify the tumor as estrogen ...Scientists identify a new kind of genetic problem in muscular dystrophy
...ween the D4Z4 sequence and proteins present in the nucleus of the cell. They found that one part of the sequence binds to a protein complex that normally suppresses gene activity. Having fewer than 11 copies of D4Z4 reduced the number of functional protein complexes, which in turn reduced control of genes ...U.Va. researchers identify switching action by protein 'gate-keepers' in cell nucleus
...tinguish among different nuclear entry codes." The nucleus of a cell is surrounded by a wall that separates t... of cargo molecules are carried in and out of each nucleus every minute. This heavy traffic of proteins through the wall occurs in every living organism except...Research reveals how cells protect against stress
...ibed" RNA molecule and then moves the RNA from the nucleus into the cell's cytoplasm, where it is "translated...eled into "messenger" RNA and allowed to leave the nucleus carrying the blueprint for making a protein. "A new paradigm that our research suggests is that th...Study finds link between common neurological disorder and Alzheimer's disease
...t NF1- and NF2-containing protein complexes in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of cells. An analysis by mass spectrometry of the nuclear complex revealed four subunits, one of which was kinesin-1. "Kinesin-1 is the real engine of this protein complex," Shiekhattar says. Unrelated recent studies have also shown...Targeting enzymes that immortalize cancer cells: if you can't turn them off, round them up
...and is then released into the DNA-rich area of the nucleus to touch up the telomeres, which shorten somewhat with each cell division. The enzyme is then shuttled back to its compartment, called the nucleolus, to await the next round of division. Cancer cells, on the other hand, have found a way to mobilize t...