Discovery of tiny microbes in ancient Greenland glacier may define limits for life on Earth
...f closely examining all the microbes they found in order to determine the identities and diversity of the s...r study. Obtaining such 'isolates' is necessary in order to describe a new organism, study its cell size, examine its physiology, and assess its ecological r...Small, cold, & hungry: Ultra-small microbes from 120,000-year-old glacier ice sample
...f closely examining all the microbes they found in order to determine the identities and diversity of the s... study. Obtaining such "isolates" is necessary in order to describe a new organism, study its cell size, examine its physiology, and assess its ecological r...Molecular image of genotoxin reveals how bacteria damage human DNA
...ore than 24 gallons of buffer solution per week in order to purify the toxin into a form that could be used for crystallization. It took Nesic nearly two years to obtain the crystals she needed for X-ray crystallography - a technique that records the pattern produced when X-rays bounce off a target protein...Mite transmits viruses damaging to wheat
... allow me to plant the wheat in early September in order to get some forage as well as grain." Experiment Station scientists are working on new varieties of wheat that may allow early planting for optimal forage. Specific lines with virus and aphid resistance designed for early planting and grazi...Doctor's neckties: a reservoir for bacteria?
...strators often encourage staff to wear neckties in order to help promote this valuable relationship, but in so doing, they may also be facilitating the spread of infectious organisms." "While there is no direct evidence to implicate neckties in the transmission of infection to patients, the link between c...Male susceptibility to disease may play role in evolution of insect societies
...lonies. The researchers looked at Hymenoptera, an order of insects, including bees, ants and wasps, some of which have highly complicated societies and an unusual genetic makeup. These insects are called haplodiploids because males and females have a different number of sets of chromosomes. The females,...New standard to help diagnose heart attacks
... for inclusion on the international list of higher order reference materials. The list currently contains approximately 150 entries for 96 health status markers; NIST SRMs provide traceability for 72 of these.......rypton in the groundwater to atmospheric levels in order to date the samples. The information can be useful for analysis of geological processes in this huge reservoir beneath the Sahara desert. (Paper F3 9, www.aps.org/meet/DAMOP04/baps/abs/S160009.html ) iv) Frontiers in Cold Quantum Gases Several le...First genetic comparison of purebred domestic dogs produces surprises
...ether, rather than considering them separately, in order to gain more statistical power," she said. For their analyses, the researchers obtained the help of the American Kennel Club (AKC) and dog breeders across the country to acquire cheek-swab DNA samples from purebred dogs at dog shows and directly from...Stem cells more vulnerable to toxic chemotherapy when protective molecule is disabled
...oping molecules to block BCRP in leukemic cells in order to make them more vulnerable to chemotherapy. However, drugs that block BCRP in leukemic cells would also block this molecule in healthy HSCs, leaving them vulnerable to toxic chemotherapy drugs. "If that happens, the patient's normal blood-forming ......ted against the receptor to which bacteria bind in order to infect the cell. The strategy here, therefore, is to interrupt the initial step of septic inflammation. They showed that use of antibodies against the toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in lipopeptide-challenged mice blocked the release of markers of th...One step further toward treatment for degenerative diseases
...he building blocks and machines of our bodies. In order for them to work correctly they have to fit together. Cells in our bodies have developed quality control mechanisms to assure proper folding. When something goes wrong, cells can accumulate misfolded proteins that don't work properly. The misfoldi...JCI table of contents, 17 May 2004
...ted against the receptor to which bacteria bind in order to infect the cell. The strategy here, therefore, is to interrupt the initial step of septic inflammation. They showed that use of antibodies against the toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in lipopeptide-challenged mice blocked the release of markers of th...New screening method turns up potential compound for treating anthrax
...he search focused on small-molecule compounds. "In order to prevent the action of these toxins you need to have a molecule that is easily penetrable into the cell," Tang said. The DS-998 compound could one day lead to the development of a new drug for the treatment of anthrax, Tang said, but he caution...Expression of Rb2/p130 and VEGF could serve as potential liver cancer prognosticators
...s examined 21 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma in order to analyze potential molecular biomarkers that may be useful as prognostic indicators for the cancer, which is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide and the third-largest cause of cancer deaths. The researchers discovered an inverse corre...Embryonic stem cell - based tissue engineering may help repair damaged heart muscle
...y problems to overcome and questions to answer. In order to reproduce nature with the highest possible fidelity we have to build something that follows the natural architecture of the heart."...Study examines future of species extinction, conservation
...e of these forces occurs when species disappear in order of their sensitivity to a particular environmental...of the Nature paper. "And they often go extinct in order of their sensitivity." With the disappearance of organisms most vulnerable to a certain condition, s...Study in flies allows researchers to visualize formation of a memory
...es into a variety of other neurons of the brain in order to determine which ones respond to different kinds of stimuli. This will allow them to learn how the changes they identified affect higher-level neurons. They also hope to begin studying similar mechanisms in other animal models, such as mice....'Nanobodies' herald a new era in cancer therapy
...scale production very difficult and expensive. In order to cope with these problems, the VIB researchers are using camel antibodies. Extremely small compared to conventional antibodies, this unique class of antibodies has been renamed 'nanobodies'. Having all the advantages of the conventional antibodies...Crop rotation may help wait out soil pathogen deadly to pumpkins
... bean, and tomato were grown prior to pumpkin." In order to make crop rotation a successful solution to waiting out the pathogen, a critical question remains to be answered: How long does the pathogen stay alive in the soil? "Unfortunately, we don't know how long," Babadoost said. "Currently, I have a grad...