For whales and seals the ocean is not blue
...articularly enigmatic as in clear ocean waters the penetrating light becomes increasingly blue-shifted with depth...m. Given the fact that in clear oceanic waters the penetrating light becomes increasingly blue-shifted with depth, the loss of blue cones in marine mammals appears...Climate change affecting even remote arctic environment, study says
...d sea ice; alien invasive species are increasingly penetrating the region; and contaminants released thousands of kilometers away are appearing at high levels in human and wildlife communities. The report also highlights the lack of critical information in many areas. Population figures for plants and animals m...NASA helps conservation biologists get the big picture
... to optical technology, radar has the advantage of penetrating both the cloud cover and tree canopy. Such work could help identify high-biodiversity areas for reserves and corridors. This work is by Saasan Saatchi of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, California,...Designer chemical offers Alzheimer's hope
...rrier. Peptide-like molecules are not very good at penetrating this barrier. Our ultimate goal is to deliver a totally non-peptide inhibitor, he said. The current paper describes a new generation of inhibitors designed and tested in the laboratory. These new inhibitors are still potent yet substantially smaller,...University of Cincinnati researchers track climate changes in Arctic thaw lakes
...omising results using satellite imaging and ground penetrating radar to recognize and categorize the thaw lake basins. They have radiocarbon dated more than 30 basins in order to determine the age of the basins and verify that their classification scheme is correct. The oldest of the basins they examined dates b......the successful invading virus has a good chance of penetrating its target, the nucleus, within a few minutes. Surprisingly, researchers report in the 30 November 2001 issue of the journal Science, key infection steps occur much faster than previously believed. Moreover, tubular structures might serve as pipel...Researchers identify stem cell 'glue'
...ch as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and diabetes and in penetrating the mysteries of stem cell involvement in tumor formation and the aging process." Bill Neaves, Stowers Institute President & CEO said, "Dr. Xie's research demonstrates that the microenvironment is more important than the stem cell itself in determin...Antarctic ice seals life's fate
...a back in 1996 after scanning the lake with ground penetrating radar. "It's a beautiful tool for this because radar doesn't like salt," said Doran. "As soon as radar sees salt, it disappears, so there's a really clear line of where the salt begins." With those findings, the research team mapped Lake Vida with i...Science's top ten: Discovery of genes' 'control switches' named top advance of 2002
...en cell from a series of image "slices" created by penetrating electron beams. Our Oldest Ancestor Yet: Researchers overturned some fundamental ideas about humans' earliest ancestors in July, when they reported the startling discovery of a primate skull between six and seven million years old. The fossil is a...For spinal cord injury patients, new insights for rehabilitation therapy
...SCI. More commonly, displaced bony fragments cause penetrating spinal cord or segmental spinal nerve injuries. Vascular injury to the spinal cord can be caused by arterial disruption, arterial thrombosis, or hypoperfusion due to shock. These are the major causes of secondary SCI; anoxic or hypoxic effects comp...Sperm use heat sensors to find the egg
...hrough a maturation process that prepares them for penetrating the egg. A sperm cell that has completed this maturation process detaches itself from the wall and leaves the storage site. If ovulation had taken place in the preceding 24 hours, releasing an egg ready to be fertilized, the mature sperm would embark...WWII discovery may counter bioterrorists
...sily vaporized into a poison gas and is capable of penetrating ordinary clothing and rubber. When inhaled in high concentrations, it may be fatal in as few as 10 minutes. Fear of German use of Lewisite led British scientists at the beginning of World War II to develop an antidote, 2,3-dimercaptopropanol, which ...Carnegie Mellon University chemists create versatile polymer brushes
...ide a barrier to prevent corrosive substances from penetrating and damaging a substrate. Matyjaszewski also has shown that these brushes can move in concert across surfaces, suggesting that they could make new lubricants in industrial settings. Organic brush polymers with inorganic cores could be used to reinfor...Fe-TAML(R) activators developed at Carnegie Mellon help cleanup paper and wood pulp manufacturing
...nated byproducts. The effluent inhibits light from penetrating the water. Reduced light, in turn, can reduce plant growth and affect organisms that depend on those plants for food. While Fe-TAML activators are not yet optimized to the point where they could replace chlorinated bleaching processes completely, th...Trade Center debris pile was a chemical factory, says new study
...lly decomposed into very fine particles capable of penetrating deeply into human lungs. In the trade-center air samples, Cahill identified four classes of particles that have been named by the EPA as likely to harm human health: Fine and very fine transition metals, which interfere with lung chemistry. ...Using GPR to estimate tree root biomass
...resent the results of a study that assesses ground penetrating radar (GPR) as a fast, noninvasive method to improve estimates of root biomass. "Knowing both the volume and extent of root systems is important in the carbon sequestration studies we do," says Kurt Johnsen, director of the SRS Biological Foundation...High-tech analysis of vineyard soil
...ional measurement techniques. Enter GPR, or ground penetrating radar. In recent years, many researchers have made progress in the use of GPR as an alternative for TDR, time domain reflectometers, for determining field-scale variations of soil water content. These early TDR sensors came about in the 1980s and uti...A killer microbe as a living antibiotic
...how a very narrow prey spectrum and are capable of penetrating the same tissues as may human-pathogens, gives promise to the development of novel anti-microbial strategies....Dirt aged hurriedly, elegantly observed
...can Chemical Society. "Such fluids have the strong penetrating ability of a dense gas, making them ideal for carrying contaminant molecules deeply into the microscopic pores and organic components of soil grains," Thompson said. He and colleagues have enlisted a technique called Fourier-transform infrared spectr......being used are large proteins that have difficulty penetrating tumors. In addition, their complex structure makes large-scale production very difficult and expensive. In order to cope with these problems, the VIB researchers are using camel antibodies. Extremely small compared to conventional antibodies, this...