'Homegrown' relief for victims of arsenic poisoning in South Asia
.... patent for an invention that selectively removes phosphate from water and another for a process that removes aluminum sulfate from sludge and enables it to be reused as a coagulant in a water-treatment plant. SenGupta worked with John Greenleaf, a graduate student in environmental engineering at Lehigh, to d...Brain's 'master molecule' produces same behavior in mice from three different psychostimulant drugs
...ns, DARPP-32 can be activated by the addition of a phosphate molecule (a process called "phosphorylation") or by removal of a phosphate molecule ("dephosphorylation") on specific amino acid sites. In the findings reported in Science, t...Study of primitive life form expected to provide clues to biological processes in higher organisms
...them, and the protein phosphatases that remove the phosphate groups. Ultimately, he hopes to not only identify all the pieces in the phosphorylation network, but to also dissect the functional relationships between them. The end product will be a molecular map describing how such a network functions. This map...Biological trick reveals key step in melatonin's regulation
...ng them, attaching or removing small bits, such as phosphate groups, to particular spots along the protein's ba...e have discovered that addition and removal of the phosphate group at this position is the key step in regulating the enzyme's stability," says Philip Cole, M.D....JCI table of contents, 15 October, 2003
...e parathyroid gland and helps regulate calcium and phosphate levels in the blood. The condition, pseudohypopara... kidney, which causes dysregulation of calcium and phosphate levels. Harald Jppner and colleagues from Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, have previously sh...Battle of the DNA bulge may help thwart cancer
...il. The sides of that ladder are made of sugar and phosphate groups, and the "rungs" are chemical building blocks called bases. There are four different bases, abbreviated A, G, T and C. A pair of bases, joined together, makes up each rung. As DNA is being copied, a protein untwists and unzips the double helix......haturic hormone is postulated to regulate systemic phosphate homeostasis. Two new studies reveal proteins with ..., another syndrome associated with excessive renal phosphate excretion), also has phosphaturic activity. In an accompanying commentary on both articles, L. Darry...Scientists map signaling molecule crucial to survival, disease
...50 of the small molecular add-ons. In essence, the phosphate addition, known as phosphorylation, induces a prot...n to avoid a normal death, either by carrying more phosphate bonds than normal or making excess proteins with the normal number of phosphates, the scientists say...Salk news: gene therapy for Lou Gehrig's disease
...for IGF-1 is activated, an enzyme called Akt has a phosphate molecule added to it (a process called phosphorylation). The Akt enzyme is activated and helps block the process of apoptosis, or programmed cell death. "IGF-1 has been known to increase the number of phosphorylated Akt molecules, which inhibits apop...Main regulator of membrane trafficking not what researchers once thought, scientists discover
...scientists is regulated by phosphatidylinositol 4 phosphate (PI4P) instead of phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2), which was believed to be the main regulator of this system. Both lipids are essential for recruiting proteins to the membrane. The findings appear in today's issue of Cell. "PI4P has be...Nitric oxide may change basic understanding of cellular machinery
...actions. NO might be as fundamentally important as phosphate in controlling cellular behavior, Stamler said. The addition of phosphate, known as phosphorylation, is the primary on-off switch for proteins that control basic life processes. The Duke-based team's earlier work had revealed an unexpected role for n...Study shows enzyme helps guard against Alzheimer's disease
...heimer's disease, tau becomes burdened with excess phosphate molecules, causing the protein to change shape and cluster into fibers. These fibers become tangled and knotted, forming rigid structures that eventually lead to the destruction of the affected neurons in certain regions of the brain, resulting in sy...Missing link detected in insulin mechanism
...ein that's modified by phosphorylation--by putting phosphate groups on it--and this protein also acts on a key protein component in the machinery for vesicle movement and fusion," Lienhard says. This protein could provide clues for understanding type two diabetes. A hallmark of the illness is insulin resistan......ing technology then creates a micro-porous calcium phosphate coated polymer 'bone' which is then surgically imp...re the damaged bone has been removed. The calcium phosphate coating is very thin and allows the bone cells to attach themselves to the implant. Growth factors c...Chemists unlock secret to activating tumor suppressor gene
... by phosphorylation, or the chemical addition of a phosphate tag. "We found that the phosphorylation of certain sites of the PTEN protein worked as a switch to completely change its electrostatic property," said Cho. "It switched from being neutral to positively charged, then recognized the opposite charge on...Protein mimetics could lead to more successful coronary bypasses
...t proteins, but the last step is the addition of a phosphate group, or phosphorylation, of the protein HSP20, w...cells. The HSP20 portion of the mimetic includes a phosphate group attached to the same amino acid as in the active version of natural HSP20. Brophy and colleagu...Genetic reconnaissance identifies new colon cancer genes
...e enzymes that activate other proteins by adding a phosphate group to them. According to Vogelstein, this catalog, which its developers named the "kinome," constitutes an ideal collection of targets for cancer researchers seeking to stop the uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells. "The good news is that ma...Without enzyme catalyst, slowest known biological reaction takes 1 trillion years
...rate in water of a specific group of biochemicals: phosphate monoesters. Protein phosphatase enzymes acting on ...of the type of phosphatase enzyme that breaks down phosphate monoesters. Other phosphatases highlighted in the study for their catalytic power help mobilize carb...Researchers find viral protein that mimics its way into cells
...id. "Once bound, it removes a phosphate group from the enzyme allowing it to travel from the cell's cytoplasm into the nucleus. Once there, the cell becomes activated and begins the process of replication." Discovering that vi...Gene that drives cells to commit suicide also plays key role in development of skeletal muscle
...ty is blocked when an enzyme called Akt attaches a phosphate molecule to each of three sites on FKHR. Phosphate...ifferentiation, a different, unknown enzyme places phosphate molecules onto FKHR. This normally controls the activity of FKHR and the rate of myoblast fusion. I...