Scientists call for better protection for coral reefs
...ternational Coral Reef Symposium. The decision to produce ISRS briefing papers began with a callfor help from a scientist in the Dominican Republic five years ago. Inopposing the destruction of a reef to make way for a container port, theSociety realized the importance of having thorough research summariesa...Innovative efforts target epigenetics, molecular imaging
...only the paternally imprinted copy is activated to produce proteins and for others, only the maternally imprinted copy is used. Paternally expressed imprinted genes generally code for proteins that promote cell growth, while maternally expressed imprinted genes play a role in suppressing cell growth. Consequ...Noah's modern ark: The role of ART in conserving endangered species
...out genetic management. Our goal is not simply to produce an offspring, but rather, genetically valuable off...uture in ART. "We have a 10-year plan in place to produce lots of baby pandas that can contribute to a successful, self-sustaining captive population that in ...Natural selection at work in genetic variation to taste
...lutionary pressure to avoid the toxins that plants produce to defend themselves against herbivores. Everybody carries two copies of the PTC taster gene, meaning any individual could carry two copies of the PTC taster allele, two of the non-taster allele, or one of each. "We hypothesize that people carrying o...Finding the hole in the defenses of cavity-creating microbes
...efenses they use. Not only that, but the acid they produce harms other bacteria, allowing S. mutans to dominate. We're trying to make the human mouth, the only hospitable environment that S. mutans has ever found, inhospitable." S. mutans is one of hundreds of types of bacteria in the human mouth. When peop...Underground carbon dioxide storage reduces emissions
...industry to pump carbon dioxide into its wells and produce extra oil, said Rostron. The work also demonstrates that geological sequestration can be successful, enabling wider application in other parts of the country and the world, he said. "The oil companies have seen incremental production close to what t...Biologists ID defense mechanism of leading fungal pathogen
...Candida genes -- CaYHB1, CaYHB4 and CaYHB5 -- that produce the enzymes. Gustin's research group created three mutant strains of Candida, each lacking in one of the genes. The strain lacking CaYHB1 was more susceptible to NO than other strains and it proved less virulent in mice than strains of Candida found ...Tips from the journals of the American Society for Microbiology
...ease Three related proteins combined may produce an effective vaccine against strangles in horses say researchers from the United Kingdom and Sweden. Their findings appear in the June 2004 issue of the journal Infection and Immunity. Streptococcus equi subspecies equi, more commonly ref...To understand innate immunity, silence the genome
...gens, activate immune cell signaling pathways, and produce molecules able to thwart a pathogenic attack. This system of innate immunity is conserved in organisms as diverse as plants, flies, and humans. Like most signaling pathways, the innate immune system is complex and the genetic and molecular interactio...Flies may taste bitter better, first map of insect 'tongue' reveals
...ation on the fly's labellum and body of cells that produce proteins encoded by eight of the Gr genes, including the earlier identified trehalose receptor. The researchers linked individual taste receptor genes with their functions by disabling specific taste cells and observing the feeding behavior of the re...Japanese researchers develop novel method of introducing transgenes into animals
...taken up by the sperm stem cells, which went on to produce sperm with the transgene. According to Dr. Shinohara and his colleagues Mito Kanatsu-Shinohara and Shinya Toyokuni, 86 percent of the males injected with the retrovirus became fertile. Eight of 31 of these males (26 percent) later mated normally wit...Researchers show 'clot-busting' at stroke site is viable option
...lots at their source soon after symptoms start can produce a good outcome for many stroke patients. In the study, published in a recent issue of the journal Neurosurgery , 50 percent of stroke patients had little or no neurological disability one to three months after clot-dissolving medication was delivere...Survival of the fastest: scientists 'selectively breed' winning Formula One cars
...combining the best settings of Formula One cars to produce the ultimate configuration. Results show it's poss...ameters. These winning solutions were then bred to produce the next generation, which combined the best settings of both parent cars until eventually we evolve......bility and solid research. "Our intention was to produce more than a reference book," said Jerry Jenkins, author of The Adirondack Atlas and researcher for WCS's Adirondack Communities and Conservation Program. "We wanted to capture the dynamic nature of this magnificent landscape, both in terms of the par...Study finds first evidence COX-2 enzymes can regulate DNA damage
... team could look at whether the COX-2 enzyme could produce the DNA-damaging genotoxins that the COX-1 enzyme was unable to make. A new method was developed for the analysis of DNA damage in these cells at the University of Pennsylvania by Dr. Seon Hwa Lee, Research Associate in Pharmacology, and Ms. ...A protein's role in progressive renal disease
...n caused by rapid degradation of the protein could produce injury. Pollak and colleagues argue that both factors likely play a role....A gene that keeps species apart
...s as groups of individuals that can interbreed and produce viable, fertile offspring. The lack of genetic exc... closely related species are capable of mating but produce inviable or sterile offspring. The classic example of hybrid incompatibility is the male donkeyfema...Existing drug may prevent brain injury and seizures in newborns
...excitotoxic damage to oligodendrocytes, cells that produce a substance called myelin. Myelin insulates neurons and enhances signal transmission; without it, neurons cannot communicate efficiently and neuromotor problems result. In the study, Jensen, Dr. Pamela Follett and colleagues first showed that d...UCLA researchers recreate patterns formed by mammalian cells
...lls from adult bovine arteries and found that they produce intricate, lace-like patterns in culture dishes. ...erate vessels, lungs and nerves, and spot patterns produce the organization of hair follicles, vertebrae and teeth. The type of structure formed depends upon ...Volcanic soils yield new clues about the emergence of powerful chiefdoms in Hawaii
...and, Hawai'i, where the magma hotspot continues to produce lava from Kilauea Volcano. Spectacular rainfall In the Science study, Vitousek and his co-authors focused on Kohala a comparatively young volcano on the northwest tip of the island of Hawaii. Early Polynesians created a vast agricultural complex o...