Advances in tumor angiogenesis Dendritic cells co-opted to the dark side
...rnalized only by cells expressing CCR6, ultimately resulting in cell death. Selective killing of CCR6-expressing cells led tumors to shrink. "This has opened a door to a new therapeutic approach, which was not envisioned before," says Coukos....Streptococcus infects humans by thwarting blood clotting
...s essentially restored plasminogen function in the resulting mice. In test-tube experiments, Sun also demonstrated that streptokinase acted on the human plasminogen from the transgenic mice to dissolve blood clots just as if it were acting on a human clot. "The critical experiment, though, was when Hongmin in...Unicellular organisms contribute more nitrogen to ocean that reported earlier
...ence Douglas Capone. The research team's findings resulting from several month-long research cruises -- have prompted a follow-up study recently funded by NSF. The scientists will continue to survey the Pacific Ocean, as well as the North Atlantic and the South Pacific oceans in two more research cruises in 2...JGI announces community sequencing program portfolio
...ch phosphorous can over-stimulate microbial growth resulting in eutrophication, where oxygen in the water is depleted and fish and other organisms residing in the habitat die. Alvinella pompejana, the marine Pompeii worm, which has adapted to thrive at super-hot hydrothermal vents. Prochlorococcus, marine ...UCSD biologists develop 'super-endurance' strain of mice
... soreness and pain after exercising because of the resulting muscle damage. Most of our daily activities are performed aerobically, through biochemical mechanisms in our muscles that make full use of oxygen. But when the demands of our muscular system exceed its available supply of oxygen, as in sprinting for ...Managing occupational exposures to potential bioterrorist agents
...t basic and applied research on biological threats resulting in medical solutions (such as vaccines, drugs and diagnostics) to protect the warfighter....Scientists reinvent DNA as template to produce organic molecules
...ne for products of chemical synthesis. Because the resulting synthetic compounds are linked to DNA, techniques long used to screen and amplify the genetic mainstay can now be applied. Molecules can be "selected" for desired functional properties, and the survivors of these selections can then be copied using t...Sweet success in targeting sugar molecules to cells in living animals
... polysaccharides. The researchers can then tag the resulting "azido sugar" on the cell surface by treating it with a molecule called a phosphine to which any desired molecule, such as a probe for visualization, can be attached. This reaction, called the Staudinger ligation, is "bio-orthogonal," said Bertozzi -...Forgetting, reminding, and remembering: The retrieval of lost spatial memory
...al damage to the hippocampus, they showed that the resulting memory impairment was not a result of storage failure, since the rats responded to the reminder treatment by recalling the original platform location. This argues strongly that at least part of the amnesia associated with hippocampal damage is a fail...Rare mutations can significantly increase risk factor for heart disease
...looked for changes in the DNA that would alter the resulting protein. Such variations were found in 16 percent of the individuals with low HDL levels, whereas they occurred in only two percent of those with high HDL. To ensure that these differences were specific to mutations that might affect HDL levels and ...Protective gene may enhance vaccine responses
...the death of T cells during the contraction phase, resulting in about five times as many memory T cells. "Drugs based on protective factors such as Spi2A could provide an enormous boost to vaccines," said study author Philip Ashton-Rickardt, professor of pathology and a member of the committee on immunology at...Marijuana ingredient inhibits VEGF pathway required for brain tumor blood vessels
...malignant and deadliest forms of cancer, generally resulting in death within one to two years following diagnos...tivity of ceramide, a lipid mediator of apoptosis, resulting in the functional inhibition of cells needed for VEGF production. The ability of cannabinoids to alt...Infant rats eagerly accept high concentrations of alcohol upon first exposure
...y concentrated alcohol during a short time period, resulting in extremely high concentrations of alcohol in the blood. "There are numerous avenues for very early alcohol exposure, some depending upon culture," said Norman E. Spear, Distinguished Professor of psychology at Binghamton University and the study's...Scientists identify compounds that mimic calorie restriction
...y of the beneficial effects of calorie restriction resulting in the prevention of diseases, such as diabetes, heart disease and cancer, which are more common in people who are overweight. Their findings are published in the current online issue of the Journal of Biological Chemistry. Co-author Thomas W. Kensl...Scientist who discovered Sly syndrome finds new research path to explore for treating the disease
...rder that ranges in severity to extremely severe - resulting in death - to mild. It is caused by the deficiency of an enzyme called beta-glucuronidase, which leads to an accumulation of protein-sugar molecules known as mucopolysaccharides in many of the body's organs, including the brain. Enzyme replacement th...UCSD researchers are first to demonstrate molecular link between inflammation and cancer
...s, allowing the entrance of enteric bacteria, with resulting inflammation generated by the body to fight the infection. In normal mice, these two compounds trigger both inflammation and, a few months later, tumors called adenocarcinomas. In this study, DSS and AOM were given to two additional groups of mice ...Protein vaccine fully protects mice from lethal aerosol challenge with ricin toxin
...tural integrity when heated or placed in solution, resulting in clumping and separation. The safety and efficacy of a vaccine depend upon the stability of its formulation. The new vaccine candidate, called RTA 1-33/44-198, is a fragment of the ricin A-chain that has been modified to eliminate the toxic en...Commercialization deal boosts hope for new sickle-cell drug
...ms, such as acute chest syndrome and organ damage, resulting in a shortened lifespan. Dr. Brugnara and ...Blockade of this channel keeps the cells hydrated, resulting in much less sickling. The CHB researchers also discovered that clotrimazole has metabolites...'Smart gene therapy' protects against damage from heart attack
...ewed away" as tissue dies, weakening the organ and resulting in failure. When blood flow becomes blocked completely, a heart attack can ensue. Physicians may be able to reopen narrow or blocked heart vessels with balloon angioplasty, but restoration of blood flow often leads to inflammation and tissue injury. ...... increasing pressure on forest ecosystems, and the resulting decline in native vegetation and the increase in human activity - ranging from all-terrain vehicle use to predatory pets roaming the woods - is putting more and more native birds at risk, according to research presented Wednesday, Aug. 4, at the annu...