Researchers Find How Disease-resistant Plants Recognize Bacteria
... given this method of infection the name "type III secretion pathway." Researchers found evidence that indicated that the type III secretion pathway also operated in plants, and Martin recognized that this pathway would explain why the kinas...Laser Microscope At Cornell Images Serotonin In Live Cells
...iting re-uptake of serotonin into cells from which secretion occurs. The Cornell technology may be useful in gaining an understanding of a broad spectrum of physiological and psychological effects of this -- and other -- neurotransmitters. The technology could be useful, then, for researchers in designing mor...NIH Team Discovers Endocrine Tumor Gene
...ors are almost always benign, but abnormal hormone secretion by these tumors is an important cause of disease. Parathyroid tumors, for example, lead to primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT), with high blood calcium, which is one of the first signs of MEN1. HPT can cause weakened bones, pain, fatigue, and kidney...Regulator Of Fat Thermostat Found
...comer and colleagues analyzed the patternof leptin secretion in volunteers treated with increasing doses of the steroiddexamethasone or a placebo. Dexamethasone, which mimics the hormone cortisol, iscommonly used to treat arthritis and other inflammatory conditions. The researchers tested blood samples taken...Cellular 'Short Circuit' Causes Insulin Resistance
... TNF, which is secreted by fatcells. The excessive secretion of TNF by obese people may explain thelink between obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes. These findings may in the future lead to new treatments for diabetesthat would be based on correcting insulin resistance. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Prof. ...Candidate Regulator Of The Temporal Component Of Neurotransmitter Release Identified
...ed for a variety of general membrane fusion and secretion events in eukaryotic cells, is also involved in ...ences are speed - synaptic vesicles can perform secretion within 200 microseconds after arrival of a stimulus - and tight control by calcium levels, whi...Rockefeller University Researchers Hunt For Type 2 Diabetes Susceptibility Genes
.... Type 2 diabetes is caused by ineffective insulin secretion or improper insulinaction on target tissues such as muscle, leading to impaired glucose uptake fromthe blood and increased levels of blood glucose. Type 2 diabetes is the mostcommon form of diabetes, accounting for 90 to 95 percent of cases. In about...Molecular Memory Tunes Adrenaline To Stress
..., which favors rapid, excitable responses and fast secretion of adrenaline." To test the theory, the Cornell researchers surgically removed several rats' pituitary glands, the source of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), a key link in the stress hormone cascade. Without pituitary glands, the percenta......presentation pathways. Their data suggest that Hly secretion endows r-BCG with an improved capacity to stimulate CD8 T cells. Because CD8 T cells play a major role in protection against M.tuberculosis infection such r-BCG strains are potential tuberculosis vaccines....Peptic Ulcers: Stress Does Matter, After All
... Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, who studies gastric secretion and the role of H.pylori in gastro-duodenal disease; Janice Kiecolt-Glaser, PhD, of Ohio State University College of Medicine, a trailblazing researcher in psychoneuroimmunology (how the mind can influence the immune system); and Sigurd Ackerman, M.D....... Most importantly, these elicitorsalso evoke the secretion of a wide range of compounds with novel, unexpectedactivity, such as anti-cancer." Several pharmaceutical and agribusiness firms have taken notice of PHI'stechnology, and have begun partnering with PHI to test its growing RhizExcompound library for a...Shellfish Toxin Study Provides Possible Clue To Cystic Fibrosis Therapy
...s' bodies do haveanother pathway of salt and fluid secretion -- and for many years scientistshave sought to dev...a substance that inhibits the verypathway of fluid secretion that the drugs are designed to increase. But the new shellfish poisoning study shows that t...Study Finds Evidence Linking The Brain's Cognitive Control Regions With Stress Control Regions
...'s stressresponse and is primarily responsible for secretion of stress hormones calledglucocorticoids. These chemicals regulate the metabolism of carbohydrates,proteins and fats in the body. It responds to chemical signals sent from otherareas. The hypothalamus. It is responsible for the body's homeostasis...... (GHRH-R), which triggers pituitary growth hormone secretion and growthin humans. The mutated GHRH-R causes growth hormone deficiency due to GHRHresistance. Molecular genetic testing showed that inheritance of the dwarfism traitis transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner; i.e., the mutated gene, lo...UI Researchers Find Potential Gene Therapy For Cystic Fibrosis
...y the malfunction of an ion channel that regulates secretion ofsalt and water that protect the lungs. A specialized protein, known as the CFtransmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), makes the channel. The gene thatcodes for the CFTR protein is mutated in people with CF.McCray said the UI research project was......he sending, presynaptic part isspecialized for the secretion of neurotransmitters and other signallingmolecules...ynaptic nerve cell and the presynaptic transmitter secretion machinery.Neurophysiologists and cognitive neurobiologists have postulated such retrogradesignalling...Researchers Find Vaginal Bacteria Imbalance Might Boost AIDS Risk
...croorganisms may protect against infectionsthrough secretion of acidic chemicals, she said. When women's genital tractsbecome more alkaline, HIV apparently can survive in greater amounts. Last month, Royce and her colleagues reported in a study of 819 pregnantN.C. women that overall, 15 percent of sub...Molecular Effect Of Vitamin E On Plaque Formation Identified
...International Units (IUs) of vitamin E reduced the secretion of IL-1beta by about 80 percent inpatients. Jialal is also a senior researcher in the Center for Human Nutrition at UTSouthwestern. This work was supported in part by research grants from the American DiabetesAssociation and the General Clinical Res...... for supplying nutrients andvitamins to cells, for secretion of hormones and for signaling cells to changetheir fate. "Likely many proteins that contribute to traffic flow will have this motif,"says Robert Fletterick, co-author on the Nature paper and a UCSF professor ofbiochemistry and biophysics. "Several h......ed using electron microscopes, or how to visualize secretion ofsubstances by specific cells. Those who wanted to extend their lab work could go ahead and spend another week in any lab in Europe.But many had to return to their regular work - with new experiences and the fresh impressions of modern biological re...