Can a 'universal' HIV-1 vaccine be developed? AIDScience.com describes current research strategies
...wn HIV-1 sequences to locate universally important segments is no small task: Public databases now include more than 44,000 HIV-1 protein sequences, and the virus is constantly mutating and recombining. Fortunately, the AIDScience.com article notes, several computer-based algorithms are now on hand to help re...Gene therapy restores feeding behavior to starving mice
...ould be involved. The striatum is divided into two segments -- the caudate putamen and the nucleus accumbens. Mark S. Szczypka, a postdoctoral fellow in Palmiters laboratory, attempted to restore dopamine production in the caudate putamen and nucleus accumbens, by injecting harmless adeno-associated vir...From flies to humans-ancient gene may be involved in male infertility
... genome; at other times, it will duplicate a small segments of a single chromosome. "Nature's pretty smart," says Xu. "Rather than creating a new gene from scratch, it duplicates it, and over time the new gene evolves into a novel function with minimal variation on the original."...ASM receives awards for PR excellence
...e than 23,000,000, and more then 500 separate news segments appeared on national and local television outlets....New software streamlines the search for disease-causing genes
...wing researchers to zero in on specific chromosome segments where disease-causing genes may be located. For the Science study, Usuka and his colleagues wanted to test their software to see if it could predict where a disease-causing gene was located simply by comparing a SNP database with basic genetic inform...Visualizing protein synthesis in living neurons
...g the gene for a green fluorescent proteinwith two segments of a gene for an enzyme called calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinaseII-α (CAMKII-α). By including CAMKII-α, the researchers ensuredthat they could target their protein synthesis reporter to dendrites In a series of experiments, the scien...New U. of Colorado research may reduce renewable fuel costs
...of glucose -- needs to be broken down into smaller segments in order to produce ethanol. A class of enzymes known as cellulase, which are found in some species of fungi and bacteria, break chemical bonds between glucose sub-units that make up cellulose. Fermentation of the glucose completes the conversion ...Science board honors the Bronx Zoo's Education Division for public service
...ng awareness of science and technology among broad segments of the general public, and for engaging scientists in public outreach and ecological literacy. The society's Bronx Zoo Education Division has been a leader in many of these activities since its creation in 1929. It is now the oldest such division o...Stem cells and cloning: Medicine and controversy
...deral agencies, the Judiciary, Congress, and other segments of the diverse policy community in Washington, D.C. These discussions will lead to a deeper understanding of how today's changes in science will affect our lives and those of future generations. Registration is free, but required since seating is li...New molecular key to disposal of dying cells
...of retinal pigment epithelial cells to clear outer segments of cells that had been shed resulted in the death of photoreceptors. "Indeed, preliminary studies indicate our mice carrying the defective Mer show retinal degeneration," Matsushima said. Moreover, "some human patients with retinitis pigmentosa have...New finding accelerates discovery of disease genes and human population history
...together in blocks that were tinyabout one million segments of 3,000 DNA letters each. This made the task of mapping SNPs and linking them to common diseases an inordinately mammoth task. Assumptions that the SNP blocks were tiny came from studies based only on a few SNP blocks and using different populatio...So just how many genes do we have?
...nsortium's software has missed nearly 850,000 gene segments for which there is protein or RNA evidence. While the debate should be settled eventually, the uncertainty could have far-ranging implications. Some fear that undiscovered genes-and thus potential drug targets-could fall through the cracks. While ma...Penn State to lead Atlantic Slope Consortium with a $6 million grant from U.S. EPA
...members will assess small watersheds and estuarine segments throughout the Delaware, Susquehanna-Chesapeake, and Ablemarle-Pamlico basins. Brooks explains that these units make ecological sense, but they are also sized to facilitate management decisions at the local level. Using geographic infor...Researchers pinpoint how tubeworm babies are dispersed to colonize new vent sites
...currence on the ocean floor. "Even at the ridge segments where there is volcanic activity, a distance of 100 to 200 kilometers may separate areas of active venting," he notes. "Thus, the tubeworm larvae's dispersal range tells us that, on average, they do not routinely travel between active vent sites. Ins...One gene found to command many others to build a wing
...The protein produced by scalloped binds to certain segments of the fruit fly genome and activates and regulates target genes within those segments, Carroll says. In fruit flies, the genome is composed of about 13,000 genes. Of those, perhaps less than a dozen behave like scalloped, making these boss genes cri......ts a more effective way to swim. If all the middle segments throughout the body were undulating, it would create much more drag. Tunas have a more streamlined body and the motion at the tail acts almost like a propeller." Shadwick says the results of the study hold implications for research in comparative p......edu , 910-962-2320 A number of high-risk shoreline segments in southeastern North Carolina have partially recovered from recent hurricanes. Many of these areas are now at even higher risk because of the sand deficit produced by increased storm activity. With little storm protection in place and inadequate san...Darwinian evolution of reproductive proteins in mammals
...e proteins tested, the researchers found that some segments of the proteins changed significantly faster than neutral, indicating positive Darwinian selection at work on the most basic, molecular level. In addition to detecting the rapid evolutionary change of the female proteins, the new methods also allowe......iting process called splicing that removes various segments and strings the remaining pieces together. Corces' group found that instructions for building the fruit fly protein appeared to be coming from both strands of DNA. They considered 3 explanations for what they observed. Something might be making RNA p......to the three-minute sequences, they then listen to segments of the song that are identical in relative pitch, ...listening time infants devote to familiar or novel segments tell researchers when a baby's attention is held or diverted. Saffran's research design relies on a ...