Researchers discover strategy that shields HIV from destruction
...t they are sufficiently potent as to result in the sequential elimination of one virus population after another suggested that if uninfected patients were vaccinated against HIV-1 with an appropriate immunogen, then neutralizing antibodies in this setting could conceivably have a far greater impact," he said. ...Neural development in time and space
... time have remained unidentified. By examining the sequential generation of motor neurons and serotonergic neurons from the same pool of progenitor cells in the brainstem, the researchers were able to identify several 'transcription factors' - DNA binding proteins that regulate the expression of a particular se...Meeting the nitrogen management challenge: Arresting the nitrogen cascade
...tical need for nitrogen in food production and the sequential nature of the effects of too much nitrogen, it is imperative that strategies be developed to optimize nitrogen management in food and energy production and in environmental protection," said James Galloway of the University of Virginia. "Because the ...Deadly coral toxin exposes ion pump's deepest secret
...ium ions are expelledone at a time by three small, sequential changes in the pump's conformation. Artigas and Gadsby's latest research puts palytoxin on this important,historical list of nature's unintended tools.......mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade of sequential protein phosphorylation events inside the oocyte, which intimately participate in the completion of meiosis. However, the identity of the oocyte cell surface molecule that receives and transmits the MSP signal to the intracellular MAPK machinery has,...Clinical trial shows timing of chemotherapy improves survival in breast cancer
... density and another concept tested in this study, sequential therapy. The model, developed by Dr. Norton, and R...rchers found that the dose-dense regimens, whether sequential or concurrent, were significantly better than the conventionally-timed three-week regimens in improv...Stomaching flatfish: How hormones regulate flounder stomach development
...hesis that stomach development is regulated by the sequential action of cortisol and thyroid hormones on cell proliferation and differentiation. In summer flounder, the stomach begins to develop during metamorphosis. Because flounder metamorphose into flatfish in determinate stages, scientists are able to cond...Recreational use of the drug 'Ecstasy' causes new kind of brain damage
...hly. More recently, many individuals take several sequential doses of the drug over the course of a single nigh...amine, the researchers gave squirrel monkeys three sequential doses of Ecstasy at three-hour intervals. Following this regimen, which is similar to that used by ...New method of DNA testing promises to transform medical diagnostics
...NA's constituent four types of nucleic acids whose sequential pattern determines the genetic code. Note that the DNA molecule is similar to a polymer molecule in that both are long chains of repeating units--repeated in the polymer exactly and patterned in DNA via the four-element code. DNA is negatively char...Researchers produce motor neurons from embryonic stem cells
... a nave class of progenitors like ES cells, and by sequential exposure to these factors, recapitulate this developmental pathway." First author Hynek Wichterle, a postdoctoral fellow in Jessell's laboratory, began by using retinoic acid and other chemical cues to induce ES cells to differentiate into mid-brain-...URI oceanographers test method to control metamorphosis in summer flounder
...ture facility. The scientists concluded that this sequential thiourea - thyroxine treatment was an effective way to synchronize the settlement and growth of summer flounder. The treatments did not affect the survival of the flounder. Normally, flounder culturists devote a lot of time and effort grouping fish b...Anticonvulsant drugs found to impact on epileptic childrens ability to recall information
...nd serves to represent it; and 3. Thinking is the sequential activation of sets of cell-assemblies. Consequently, learning can be defined as the process by which an organism benefits from experience, so that its future behavior differs from that of a comparable organism lacking this experience. With epilepti...Discovery Channel special watches OSU chimps learn to read
... "The idea was to start them with a sequential task while they were little so that they could 'build' a template that used the alphabet. We started with 'A,' then 'AB,' then 'ABC,' 'ABCD' and 'ABCDE' to give them the idea that the letter...Researchers narrow search for structure of cholera toxins extracellular transport signal
...ning protein function by causing mutations through sequential elimination of amino acids and portions of protein are used widely in microbiology, Connell noted. During initial studies, however, he and colleagues discovered that minor changes in the amino-acid sequence of cholera toxin necessary for identifying ...Scientists awarded patent for coal-purifying bacteria
...s of other nutrients. This process was repeated in sequential steps, gradually increasing the oil content and eliminating the other nutrients, until the survivors were bacteria that could use oil as their only food source. The scientists then used the same process to gradually wean the oil-eating bacteria off o...Durable responses reported with Bexxar
...percent of the 71 patients evaluated following the sequential therapy had achieved an objective remission, either having a complete response (52 percent) or a partial response (28 percent). Grade 4 toxicities were reported in 38 percent of the 88 evaluable patients who had received CHOP. Thirteen percent of 6...The ecological consequences of 'promiscuous' boating
... the frequency of "promiscuous" behavior (i.e. the sequential use of multiple water bodies by boaters) that will determine the likelihood of invasion. "The results of this study clearly demonstrate the potential for recreational boating to transport zebra mussels away from infested waters," Johnson said. "Sinc...How brain cells remember their birth order
...s that it would normally, Doe explained. Thus, the sequential expression of all four genes is necessary to make different neurons from a single stem cell. The bottom line is that we have found four genes that work in a concerted way in every stem cell lineage, said Doe. So, its not that each stem cell has its o...Georgetown researchers achieve increased cancer patient survival
...ncer patients. Five of nine patients treated with sequential vaccinations of vaccinia-CEA and ALVAC-CEA (VAAA) not only showed increased immune responses, but also remained alive two years out compared to zero long-term survivors in other treatment groups. The studys principal investigator, John Marshall, M.D...Three genetic steps convert normal mammary cells into breast cancer cells
...t Weinberg and colleagues from MIT report that the sequential introduction of three cancer-associated genes into...hways governing cellular growth and survival. The sequential introduction of these three genes into HMECs results in cells that display the typical properties of...