A novel, safer strategy for regulating gene expression
... in the Sept. 23 edition of the journal Nature, is simpler than current methods of gene regulation, and the technology exists to make it work with virtually any drug, making it suitable for a broad range of therapeutic and research applications. The technique involves inserting a special DNA sequence into a...OutFoxed! New research may redefine late-stage cardiac development
...sed in the gut tube have led to similar results in simpler organisms such as zebrafish. What is remarkable about Foxp4 mutant mice is that their hearts develop to such a late stage. We have never been able to determine in mammals whether fusion of the bilateral heart tubes was required for later stages of ...Serotonin metabolites in mollusks suggest pathways for human therapies
...ms to study serotonin processing because they have simpler nervous systems than mammals. "They have larger, more easily identified neurons," Stuart said. Mollusks are also good model systems because they show some mammal-like qualities that influence behavior, such as learning and memory, a discovery for w...Complex cells likely arose from combination of bacterial and extreme-microbe genomes
... fusion of genomes from an ancient bacterium and a simpler microbe, Archaea, best known for its ability to wi...ence that complex cells arose from combinations of simpler organisms in a symbiotic effort to survive. Jim Lake and Maria Rivera, at the University of Califo...Battle between bubbles might have started evolution
...r, Szostak and his colleagues theorized that a far simpler physical process might explain why cells would compete with one another for the materials necessary to expand their size. "We proposed that the genetic material could drive the growth of cells just by virtue of being there," he said. "As the RNA exe...One-hundred-fifty year old lessons of John Snow still relevant today
...p as the source of the epidemic, he did it by much simpler means. He interviewed survivors and relatives of those who had died from cholera. Those who were sick or died got their water from that particular pump. "The map was used merely to illustrate that many cases were nearer to the Broad Street pump than ...Applied Mathematical Models in Human Physiology
...nisms and provide parameters for and validation of simpler models. The book also covers two-dimensional modeling of the fluid dynamics in the heart and its ability to pump, and includes a discussion of modeling wave-propagation throughout the systemic arteries. The models presented can be used as case studie...New lower-cost assay system equivalent to flow cytometry for accurate CD4+/CD8+ cell counts
...cess to more affordable anti-retroviral therapies, simpler and less costly methods of monitoring treatment i...y to the flow cytometry-based method, but are much simpler and more affordable to use." Absolute CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts are measurements used to monitor ...A fly's taste experience is much like our own
... Scott said that the taste system of flies is much simpler than the smell or olfactory sensory system. The latter uses 50 different odor detectors to discriminate among thousands of smells, while the 68 taste receptors are reduced to only a few different taste categories in the fly brain. Taste is geared mai...New designed paclitaxel analog kills more cancer cells than natural product
...ty that now that we know that shape, we can design simpler molecules with a similar shape, which is what we a...g now," Kingston said. The team is optimistic that simpler molecules can be designed as future medicines. The Virginia Tech graduate student on the project, B...Staying on the path - One atom at a time
...ing two-dimensional models and modelsincorporating simpler shapes. The model was developed by Ann Marie Sastry and Yun-Bo Yi, bothof the University of Michigan. The researchers will use theirfindings in a larger study that will deploy sensor proteinsinside a cell where the nanoscale devices will track the ...Researchers identify gene linked to sperm-producing stem cells in mammals
...em cell self-renewal in the fruit fly, which has a simpler anatomical structure. Braun's laboratory studies mammals. One of his predoctoral students, Bill Buaas, was reading journal articles from decades ago when he came across a description of a mutant line of mice that originated in the 1950s. These mice ...Gene maps of simpler life forms point the way to human disease gene
...that demonstrates how maps of the genetic codes of simpler organisms can shed light on human disease, a computerized comparison of the complete genetic codes of a type of algae, a weed and humans has led medical researchers to a gene linked to a human illness. The comparison allowed researchers at Washington...Institute for OneWorld Health CEO advocates focus first on developing world markets
...ake artemisinin, an anti-malarial compound. It is simpler and less expensive than today's laborious plant harvesting processes. This biotech process could be applied to several other kinds of pharmaceutical compounds which are otherwise expensive to synthesize or costly to extract from natural sources. "By...Only half of recalled meat and poultry is recovered, study finds
...job," Hooker said. "I think it's because they have simpler distribution systems and know their customers better, and will accept more product than was actually included in a recall just for good customer relations." Hooker hopes policy-makers can use the study in examining current food safety laws. Last year...Engineered virus provides impetus in search for HIV vaccine
... we can study these complex interactions using the simpler genetic system provided by the adenoviral vector." Collaborators include: Terence S. Dermody, Jacquelyn A. Campbell and James D. Chappell of Vanderbilt University School of Medicine in Nashville, Tennessee, and Thilo Stehle of Harvard Medical School...Fat hormone leptin alters brain architecture and activity, which in turn drives feeding behavior
...ly good model to test plasticity because it's much simpler to study than the system that controls learning or memory," said Pinto. For her research, Pinto used a famous mouse strain that resembles obesity in some humans. These mice lack leptin and grow to twice the size of a normal mouse with a body that co...Scientists seek cause for what makes good cell go bad
...ment of E. coli, a single-celled organism, is much simpler than the system that divides human cells. But signal transduction networks exhibit the same design principles across species, Cluzel said. Consequently, researchers will now attempt to apply their research methods to higher organisms. A combination o...New paclitaxel analog kills more cancer cells than natural product
...eproductive machinery, the team is optimistic that simpler molecules can be designed as future medicines. Kin...ty that now that we know that shape, we can design simpler molecules with a similar shape, which is what we are doing now," Kingston says. He will present the ...Carbohydrates offer some help in muscle protein synthesis, but not enough for the desired effect
...ein is breaking down complex chemical compounds to simpler ones. However, it has been demonstrated that infusion or ingestion of amino acids after resistance exercise stimulates muscle protein synthesis. Furthermore, as little as six grams of essential amino acids (EAA) alone effectively stimulates net prot...