A 300-Million-Year Old Twosome: The Cycad And Its Pollinator
...ocycad, staying long enough on the female cones to spread the necessary pollenfor germination. The pollinators even adjust to the 2- to 3-year reproductioncycle of thecycads as the end-of-the-season larvae conveniently go into a dormancy stageinterrupted only by the mature cones' aroma of the cycads' next ...Putting A Price Tag On Pollution
... reliable predictions about how contamination will spread through soil.With thisinformation in hand, Ghanem ... "Right now," says Ghanem, "predictions about the spread of groundpollutants are notvery reliable. Public officials cannot assess the magnitude of the pollut...Forecasting The El Niño-Driven Ebb And Flow Of A Rogue Mosquito
...d, is thatclimate events like El Nino may help the spread of the mosquito from the tropicsand subtropics to ...nmeasures will play a crucial role in limiting the spread of the disease. "Thoseparts of the world that lack the infrastructure - public education and mosquit...New Satellite Tags Track Movements Of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna
...hatsurvivorship is high. The fact that the bluefin spread out in 90 days across thewestern Atlantic and into the western margins of the eastern Atlantic managementzone indicates these fish are on the move," said Dr. Barbara Block of the TunaResearch and Conservation Center (TRCC), a collaborative effort bet...Soil Variation Important In Natural Plant Communities
...f soilfertility was arranged in patches instead of spread evenly throughout the pot."Sweetgum tree and fireweed are examples of the plants with roots that seek outpatches of nutrients. However, unlike in other studies of root system behavior, fewcorrelations among root system traits were found, Jone...Genetically-Altered Crops Can Produce Tough, Hard-To-Kill Weeds
...with the transgenes -- and then thetransgenes will spread even faster," said Snow. As transgenes in the cultivated crop change, traits could accumulate inthe weeds. For instance, a weed could develop a resistance to 3 or 4 herbicidesas it acquired genes from consecutive generations of crops over ma...Paper Wasp Queens Wait To Hijack Or Adopt
...h New York sometime duringthe past decade and have spread to theMidwest. Ferocious hunters, paper waspsfeast on caterpillars. "If you have a garden and you want to get rid of caterpillar pests, get somepaper wasps. That'll take care of them," Starks says. Starks' paper, "A novel 'sit-and-wait' re...A Common Microbe Could Help To Trigger Alzheimers
...robe in question is Chlamydia pneumoniae, which is spread bycoughs and sneezes. By the age of 20, half the population have been infectedwith C. pneumoniae, and the likelihood of being infected increases with age. Thebacterium has already been accused of triggering atherosclerosis-blockedarteries that can le...From tracking the spread of winter flu season to pinpointing outbreaks of the Ebola virus, public health research frequently begins with a study of the geographic issues. Today, geographic and cartographic information systems, remote sensing satellites, and other technologi...Alaska Natives Provide New Evidence Linking Common Infection To Heart Disease
...asecommonly called chlamydia, but C. pneumoniae is spread when an infected personcoughs -- not by sexual contact. The researchers are continuing their studies in other populations todetermine how the infection can be screened for and treated to prevent thedevelopment of heart disease. Co-au...... approximately 90 million more are at risk. It is spread by the biteof certain blood-sucking insects and through transfusions with infected bloodproducts. At present the only therapies for Chagas1 disease are highly toxicand treatment must be carefully monitored by medical personnel. The currentmedicati...Snake Venom Slows Tumor Growth
...havemetastatic disease, which means the cancer has spread to another site such asthe lymph nodes, brain, bon...nomenon of cells. CN is effective in retarding the spread of tumor cells because it inhibits theiradhesion to and invasion of normal cells in the surrounding ...More Than $7.5 Million For Research
...ating diabetes mellitus (Duke U.); Preventing the spread of cancer throughthe bloodstream (Johns Hopkins U.); Healing spinal cord injuries with a spinal graft (U. of Toronto) andregenerating nerve cells (CWRU; U. of Texas at Austin); Making artificial joints last longer (Brigham and Women's Hospital);...International Conference Addresses Drug-Resistant TB Epidemic Ravaging Russia
... system of the former Soviet Union. Thesubsequent spread of regular and MDR-TB to the civilian populations has pushedRussia, Latvia and Estonia to the World Health Organization's top 10 list ofglobal TB hot spots. With international travel, the disease can easily spreadto Western Europe and other countrie...Gene Therapy Showing Promise In Fighting Melanoma
...and surgery doesn't always help because melanoma's spread is soaggressive. We're trying to establish this as...deadliest forms of cancer becauseof its ability to spread rapidly, MacEwen said. - Brian Mattmiller, (608) 262-9772...Chumminess Of Roundworms Linked To Single Gene, Offering Insight Into Mechanisms Of Social Behaviors
... "It appears that the behavior evolved once and spread throughout thenematode community on multiple continents," Bargmann said."Of course, it is the way the roundworms respond to food, pheromones and otherfactors that ultimately prompts their behavior, social or solitary. And it islikely that the bacteri...Ancient 'Volcanic Winter' Tied To Rapid Genetic Divergence In Humans
...ut 130,000 yearsago, and credits the invention and spread of advanced stone tool technology,40,000 to 50,000 years ago, for population growth after the bottleneck.Ambrose argues that volcanic winter resulting from the super-eruption ofToba "caused the bottleneck, and that populations may have expandedin r...Vets Defend The Use Of Antibiotics In Animal Husbandry
...tics is common in intensive farming to control the spread of infection. As these antibiotics are being used...prophylactic use is normally only justified if the spread of infection cannot be contained by vaccination, changes in management, or better hygiene. Contact: ...Family Members And Kissing Contacts At Greater Risk Of Meningitis
...where there is no disease outbreak. To prevent the spread of meningococal infection, many countries give antibiotics to "close contacts" to eradicate the disease causing strain of bacteria. This means chemoprophylaxis is often given to more contacts than is needed, say the authors. They conclude that the b...Local Approaches To Combating Antibiotic Resistance Are Doomed To Failure
...es needed to prevent and control the emergence and spread of anti-microbial resistant micro-organisms. This...t decade has seen the progressive intercontinental spread of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus and penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae wit...