JCI Table of Contents, December 2, 2002
...ger respond tomitogenic stimulation. Several tumor suppressor genes are involved ininduction and maintenance of senescence, suggesting that senescence preventstumorigenesis. Hoping to find a new way to prevent or treat cancer, HeikoHermeking and colleagues (pages 17171727) have searched for agents thatinduce se...Promising biomarker for melanoma is identified
...he molecule is involved in the pathway for a tumor suppressor gene called p53, which, when mutated, is associated with many cancers but not melanoma. It is not clear why HDM2 levels would be high in people with melanoma, says Dr. Polsky. The incidence of melanoma continues to rise and this year it is ...Checkpoint protein blocks chromosome breaks at fragile sites
...0-kilobase region, which contains a possible tumor suppressor gene called FHIT." Glover credits Casper with the discovery that ATR is the key to damage control at fragile sites. When she started her study, however, Casper was more interested in a related protein called ATM, which recognizes a specific type of D...Expanding the genetic code--TSRI scientists synthesize 21-amino-acid bacterium
...UAG--and also with an enzyme that loaded the amber suppressor tRNA with an unusual amino acid, then he would have a way to site-specifically insert the unusual amino acid into any protein he wanted. With this system, a ribosome that was reading an mRNA would insert the unusual amino acid when it encountered UA...Scripps scientists discover new approach for treating 'misfolding diseases'
... tetramers composed of both disease-associated and suppressor subunits ameliorate disease by stabilizing the tet...to fibril formation. They found that even one such suppressor subunit incorporated into a tetramer otherwise composed of disease-associated subunits doubles its s...Using RNA interference to tune gene activity in stem cells
...f Nature Genetics, focussed on the role of a tumor suppressor gene called p53 in a mouse model of lymphoma. In the mouse model, forced expression of the Myc oncogene in B-cells causes the mice to develop B-cell lymphomas by 4 to 6 months of age. The scientists, led by Greg Hannon and his CSHL colleague, Scott ...Neurofibromin: It's so degrading
...e of Genes & Development. Neurofibromin is a tumor suppressor protein encoded by the Nf1 gene on human chromosome 17. Neurofibromin helps protect cells against cancer by suppressing Ras, a potent activator of cell growth and proliferation. People with mutations in the Nf1 gene develop neurofibromatosis type I (...UCSF study suggests novel factor could contribute to adult obesity
...says Tecott, that in addition to being an appetite suppressor fenfluramine affects energy expenditure. In any case, he says, further studies on the novel physiological process could help explain why some mammals, including mice and humans, tend to get heavier as they get older. Co-authors of the study were Kats...Study may help explain sunlight's role in melanoma development, have screening implications
...l School used mice deficient in an important tumor suppressor protein connected to the "anti-cancer" cell signal... capacity of Rb is moderated by CDK6 and the tumor suppressor protein, p16INK4a. In this work, the authors showed that ultraviolet light exposure accelerated mela...Fetal death, miscarriage linked to genetic mutation
... Rb gene was the first to be identified as a tumor suppressor gene meaning when it functions normally, it is able to keep cells from growing out of control. Scientists believe it is a critical player in the cell cycle, turning on and off at key stages in cell division. It is also believed to be linked to two k...Evolution boosted anti-cancer prowess of a primordial gene
...ng environments by activating the well-known tumor suppressor gene, p53. In turn, p53 activates a battery of other genes to stop cell growth or, in extreme cases, to trigger cell death in response to a variety of harmful conditions, such as DNA damage or activation of oncogenes (cancer-causing genes). In fact, ...Studies of rare blood syndrome yield novel route to cancer
...letions were associated with inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, an event that can also trigger cancers. Discovery of this new mechanism may prompt researchers to take a fresh look at whether it initiates other forms of cancer. "These activated tyrosine kinases can act as gas pedals for the tumors, as in ac...Brain gliomas progress as function of crucial gene is lost
...emonstrates that degree of loss of a crucial tumor suppressor gene, the AP-2( transcription factor, correlates w...e uncontrollably. "As such, AP-2( acts as a tumor suppressor gene," says Menashe Bar-Eli, PhD, professor in the Division of Cancer Medicine and a senior member o...... a significant advance in understanding the tumor suppressor function of this protein, and how mutations in the...ell membrane represents a novel mechanism of tumor suppressor function and may represent a paradigm for the study of other cancer-associated proteins. In fact, th...Researchers identify important function of NF2 tumor suppressor
...that supports the cell. "Since merlin is a tumor suppressor whose loss of function leads to tumor development, it is absolutely critical to define what happens when this function is lost," says Andrea McClatchey, PhD, of the MGH Cancer Center, the senior author of the current report. "Our objective was to de...Genetic reconnaissance identifies new colon cancer genes
...The bad news is that most of these genes are tumor suppressor genes, the metabolic brakes on cells. These suppressor genes are inactivated in tumors, and since cancer drugs work by reducing the activity of enzymes, th...Tob or Not To Be: Role of tob gene in cancer investigated
...gly argues that tob is a newly characterized tumor suppressor and that loss of its expression is relevant to development of human cancer." Early on, the only abnormality that tob-deficient mice displayed was a decrease in bone density. However, by 18 months of age, Dr. Yamamoto and colleagues noted that tob-def...Equine cloning may shed light on human cancer causes
...ical testing of the effects of deficiencies in the suppressor in human clinical trials. "We've identified a suppressor of intracellular calcium and believe its deficiency is the root cause of abnormally high intracellul...Silent DNA architecture helps block cancer cell growth
...HF is mediated by the action of a well-known tumor suppressor protein called Rb. Interestingly, the study reveal... provides the first detailed view of how the tumor suppressor Rb establishes regions of specialized DNA architecture in the cell. Because such architecture is ext...Scientists find protein that controls prostate cancer's spread
...ene encoding RKIP appears to be a novel metastasis suppressor gene, involved in blocking the cell-signaling proc...ulting evidence may be the first time a metastasis suppressor gene has been studied so thoroughly and the mechanism of its action determined so precisely. About 2...