Tumor Suppressor Gene Located In Liver Cancer Cells
...ttractive target because it is present on the cell surface and in the plasma, Jirtle said, making it readily accessible for use in both liver tumor therapy and diagnosis. Researchers often work backwards from the biological changes involved in cancer to find the genes responsible for these alterations. In ...Freshwater Sponges May Pose Threat To Zebra Mussels
...ponges on the artificial reef in Lorain and on the surface of a shipwreck off Kelly's Island, in Lake Erie's western basin. Their observations indicated the sponges were only an effective competitor with zebra mussels on the vertical sides of the reef and shipwreck. The sponges were very competitive on...Duke Researchers Find Second Gene Linked To Blood Vessel Disorder
...TGF-_ works. Receptors for TGF-_ are found on the surface of virtually every cell ofthe body. When TGF-_ binds to these receptors, signals are relayed inside the cell. Thecellular response to TGF-_ depends on the cell type. In some cells, it stimulatesgrowth, while in others it is actually a growth inhibit...Core Spins Faster Than Earth, Scientists Find
...ly drives the motionsof tectonic plates at Earth's surface to create mountains andoceans, split continents an...axis"would emerge at an imaginary point on Earth's surface up to 10degrees from the north pole, where the spin axis would emerge. TheEarth and the core are rot...Hawaiian Whales Show 'No Overt Response' To Sounds Of ATOC Simulation
...speaker will broadcast from 829 meters below the surface and 14 kilometers off shore. As will be the pra...ions are changing, not only for those of us on the surface but for organisms in the oceans. Any noted changes in the ocean ecosystem could mean change on the...Harvard, Duke Researchers Discover 'Off-switch' Inside Human Cells
...inswitches transmit chemical signals from the cell surface into the cell'sinterior, triggering a vast array of cellular processes. G proteins areswitched on by receptors on the cell's surface, which themselves are activatedby hormones, neurotransmitters and other external chemical signals. Neurotransmittersa...PET Project Helps Reduce Pollution Threat From Heavy Metals
...," saidSansalone. "Solids are stopped right at the surface of the porouspavement. They can accumulate there, and as a part of routinemaintenance, they can be vacuumed back off the surface." Theconcrete also neutralizes acidic rainwater and actually raisesthe pH to the level where the sand layer works best. ...Cholesterol Anchor Helps Signaling Proteins Direct Development
...tein, known as the signal, becomes anchored to the surface of the cell that makes it. "It came as a complete surprise to discover that the cholesterol molecule helps cause the split and then serves as the anchor for the hedgehog signal," says Jeff Porter, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow and first author of the ...Six-Year Drilling Project to Uncover One Million Years of Earth History
... 3,400 feet during the last 400,000 years, and the surface area of Mauna Loa is shrinking as the island subsi... rocks present at depths of 3,000 feet beneath the surface of the island....Changing Continental Runoff Patterns Could Change Ocean Circulation
... already seen some of the consequences of changing surface waterways," says Karen L. Bice, graduate student ...Tethys sea tended to increase the salinity of the surface water. Circulation in the oceans can be caused by colder water sinking below warmer water or saltie...NCAR Scientist Models Earth's Climate and Vegetation Patterns At Last Glacial Peak
...ates the earth by trapping heat reflected from the surface toward space. While a 4- degree global average coo...ed to which regional climate. It computed how much surface area each type occupied based on competition for light (related to canopy cover) and disturbances su...North America Hit Hard By Asteroid Strike In Yucatan 65 Million Years Ago
...ctenergy with that of the atmosphere and planetary surface to send waves ofground-hugging, vaporous fireballs...waves downrange after anobject strikes a planetary surface at an oblique angle. Schultz used a high-powered gun to recreate the dynamics of an objectstriking ...Northwestern Scientists Discover How Herpes Simplex Virus Infects Cells
...ously unknownmember of an important family of cell surface molecules known as the TNF/NGFreceptor family. The normal function of these receptors is to receivesignals required to induce cells of the immune or other system toproliferate or to die. A report of the protein discovery appears in the Nov.1 issue o...Antarctic Science Season Gears Up With Searches for Meteorites, Neutrinos, and New Life Forms
...t fitted with geophysical instruments to image the surface and bed of the ice sheet, while measuring the gravity and magnetic signature, a clue to volcanism of the rock beneath (this year's survey focuses on Ice Stream "D"). Vostok: The World's Deepest and Oldest Ice Core Drilling to complete the...New Sensor Provides First Instant Test For Toxic E. coli Organism
...s molecule has a two-part composite structure. The surface of the molecule -- developed by Stevens and Cheng ...s the bacteria toxin. The backbone underlying this surface is the color-changing signaling system described by Bednarski and Charych. The Biomolecular ...Methane Deep In Ocean Crust Could Feed Chemical-Hungry Microorganisms
..., the places where lava has been able to reach the surface of the seafloor rather than remaining locked below. In addition, Kelley and Gretchen Fruh-Green, a colleague from Zurich, Switzerland, have done the first-ever isotopic work on rocks from layer three and the methane does not appear to come from the...ORNL Microscope "Sees" Bumps That Reveal Partial DNA Structure
...t produces athree-dimensional image by tracing the surface of a material, similar tothe arm and needle of a phonograph playing a record. The research, which was performed for the Human Genome Project, was fundedby the Department of Energy's Office of Health and Environmental Research.Continued research on th...Researchers Corral Millions Of Microscopic Membranes
... the researchers have created a specially prepared surface that holds millions of cell-sized squares composed... of an artificial membrane that closely mimics the surface of living cells. According to the researchers, the ability to work with these independent membranes ...Stronger Evidence That Global Climate Change Can Reduce The Variety Of Life
...e a chainreaction that reduces the productivity of surface ocean planktoncommunities. This in turn leads to less food resources settling through thewater to the sea floor, ultimately limiting the species that can survive inthe bottom community. During glacial periods, some abyssal species migrateto shallower...