Rockefeller University Researchers Hunt For Type 2 Diabetes Susceptibility Genes
...ive insulin secretion or improper insulinaction on target tissues such as muscle, leading to impaired glucose uptake fromthe blood and increased levels of blood glucose. Type 2 diabetes is the mostcommon form of diabetes, accounting for 90 to 95 percent of cases. In about 5percent of cases, inheritance foll...Researchers Discover Existing Drugs May Prevent Enlarged Hearts
... thecells calcium level, calcineurin activates its target protein, NFAT3,which then enters the nucleus and turns on the genes that cause heartenlargement. The researchers genetically engineered two strains of mice totest their hypotheses. One strain continually expressed activatedcalcineurin in hear...Duke Researchers Genetically Engineer Mice To Block Heart Enlargement
...egy may be more efficient, since such a drug would target a specificmolecule (Gq) instead of only one of a multitude of receptor signals, which isthe case now." The researchers, which also include Dr. Shahab Akhter, the paper's firstauthor, Dr. Louis Luttrell, Dr. Guido Iaccarino, Dr. Robert Lefkowi......hout the need to culture them first. "The target for our work is called the 16S ribosomal RNA gene," saidMoran, "and it's a good gene to focus on because all living things needribosomes to make proteins." It's all about what happens inside the cell. Ribosomes are smallcellular components wh...Aspirin's Preventive Action In Heart Attacks Tied To Genetics
...ew research suggests that aspirin may specifically target patients whodisplay an altered gene, called the PlA2 polymorphism, whichimpacts upon the protective action of aspirin. Generally speaking, genes are changed by one of two mechanisms -- mutations andpolymorphisms. Mutations tend to occur in a small po......ew antibacterial compounds designedspecifically to target the biological mechanisms by which bacteria establish aninfection in the host. With resistance to antibiotics an increasing publichealth threat, particularly in the hospital setting, the compounds offer thepotential to provide protection against Stap...Cystic Fibrosis Gene Protects Against Typhoid Fever
...e to makenon-living antigen delivery vehicles that target antigens to the immune systemfollowing oral ingestion." NIAID supports research on AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and other infectiousdiseases, as well as allergies and immunology. In addition to NIAID, theNational Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLB...Health Effects Of Consuming Alcohol, Dairy Foods, And Iron-Fortified Products ToBe Debated
...capita of supplying this essentialmicronutrient to target populations. The forum will present new ingredients andmethods that have the potential to increase the bioavailability of iron infortified products without adversely affecting food quality. IFT's Annual Meeting will be at the Georgia World ...Composting Livestock Waste Provides Benefits
...t advantage to composting is that it allows you to target when you apply it," Hawkins says. The compost material is an excellent soil conditioner. "Organic material stabilizes the soil aggregates," Hawkins says. "This is a very useful, beneficial mulch." On the Purdue research farm, the compost is applie...HIV Discriminates Amongst Cells
...ptors. "A requirement for contracting actinin the target cell could also be a mechanism that prevents HIV from enteringinactive cells, or cells in the early stages of cell death. We know that theseare poor host cells for viral replication, and they don't have an active actinfilament network to pull surfac...Study Highlights the Use of Viruses as Tools for Material Science and Drug Delivery
... This means that the loadedvirus can be altered to target certain types of cells (like cancer cells) andholds the promise of being able to deliver drugs to very specific sites. Young points out that the viruses he and Douglas work with arerelatively simple plant viruses which 1) "are incredibly host...Biochemists Gain Crystal-Clear Insight into 'Ancient' Enzyme
...re-tRNA. "There are a great many places one could target to thwart this enzyme,"Fierke said....DFG To Set Up 32 New Postgraduate Research Groups - First "Virtual Research Group"
...stgraduate research groups temporarily exceeds the target of 300. This is intended to prevent a gap in funding and promotion, as about 50 of these programmes which have a nine-year duration will expire next year. The new postgraduate research groups include: Biosciences 'Bone substance and loss of structure...COGA Genome Scan Suggests Linkage On Chromosomes 1,2,4, And 7
...s that confer and mitigate alcoholism risk, we can target preventive interventions and devise pharmacologic treatments based on that knowledge. Understanding genetic factors also is the first critical step in unraveling the more complex contribution of environmental factors," said Dr. Gordis. "COGA's fir...UB Researcher Developing Method That Employs "Evolution" To Identify New Drug Leads
...cognition -- the ability of molecules to bind to a target -- to simultaneously form and screen mixtures of m...s are manipulated by the presence of the molecular target to "evolve" higher fractions of the best compounds. "Our mixture circulates through two chromatograp...Scientists Say Latently Infected Cells May Stoke the Fire of HIV Replication
...out the interaction of HIV with its target cells," says Dr. Paul, "we believe ... transmission, he adds, may even render the target cells more susceptible and the virus more infective, since cell-free H......elivery of genes to both dividing and non-dividing target cells, absence ofviral genes that may be responsible for causing an undesirable immune response,high levels of gene expression, and stability which allows them to beadministered directly into patients and to be manufactured, stored and handledlike tr...Gene May Hold Key To Treating Life-Threatening Cholesterol
...gelsdorf said scientists have found a perfect drug target in LXR-alpha. He plans to look for ways to biochemically design hormonal ligands that can speed metabolism and reduce dietary cholesterol levels in humans. Screening for mutations in LXR-alpha also may help identify inherited defects in cholesterol m...Researchers Discover Novel Gene Family Responsible For Pacemaker Activity In Brain And Heart
... to guide researchers in developing drugs thatwill target specific abnormalities of the brain and heart. "At this point, thefield is in its infancy," cautions Dr. Siegelbaum....Researchers Demonstrate That COX-2 Inhibits Angiogenisis In Tumor Cells
...t COX-1 -- and the ability ofaspirin and NSAIDs to target it as well -- may also be involved. These studies were carried out in an in vitro model of angiogenesisinvolving a chamber with colon cancer cells on the bottom and endothelial cellson the top, separated by a porous collagen membrane. ...