Measuring alcohol levels in breath, blood and now the brain
...s been ingested to distribute throughout different tissues and regions of the brain. After this equilibration period, the brain alcohol signal strength is linearly related to the breath and blood alcohol concentrations." Scientists can use this co-linearity in breath, blood, and brain measurements to 'map'...Isoflavone-rich soy products may prevent bone loss in women
...ly, they may combine with the estrogen receptor in tissues with less estrogenic activity such as bone and blood vessel. In the current study, the SP+ treatment positively affected BMD and BMC, but showed no influence on changes in bone resorption and formation, which are an integral part of the menopausal tr...Colorado set to fly biomedical experiments on September shuttle flight
... in the suspension of space form three-dimensional tissues similar to their counterparts in intact, living organs, said David Klaus, BioServes associate director for research. "Kidney cells on Earth tend to fall to the bottom of culture dishes and form a flat surface," said Klaus, also aerospace research...Biotechnology research to grow from embryonic start
...strong evidence for stem cell populations in adult tissues such as skin, blood and brain," he said. "These ma...lete organism, but they can form virtually all the tissues of the human body. Several private companies own patents protecting different aspects of stem cell t...Alcohol and the human fetal brain
...d to acetate, which is then further metabolized by tissues outside of the liver. Generally, there is very little AcHO in the blood of people drinking alcohol, even when blood alcohol levels are quite high. However, AcHO that may reach the blood is blocked from entering the brain by an actively metabolizing...Study finds seafood not harmed by Pfiesteria
...compounds produced by Pfiesteria and the edible tissues of seafood." Green collaborated on the study w...chey. The Sea Grant researchers sampled edible tissues from non-exposed fish and fish environmentally exposed to Pfiesteria, including menhaden, sout...Cellular membrane changes associated with acclimation to cold
...freeze-fracture electron microscopy to examine the tissues of ground squirrels sampled during hibernation while in a hypothermic state and during arousal at room temperature. They discovered "slits" on microscopy images of the hibernating squirrels neurons and glia, the primary cells of the central nervous ...Tiny microchips have big promise in fighting serious diseases
...of hormones, and enable doctors to determine which tissues to treat. Microchips could contain stem cells - cells that give rise to other specialized cells - that would grow and proliferate inside the body. This chip technology could even create new tissue on damaged organs. "Instead of transplanting a whole ...Researchers discover major diabetes susceptibility gene
...r allele alters expression in muscle or fat cells, tissues that either use or store glucose. Because the discovery was so surprising and the techniques so innovative, the referees for Nature Genetics requested a series of supporting studies to help verify the finding, delaying publication by nearly eightee...Little-known substance regulates inflammatory response
...ced by certain types of white blood cells in a few tissues such as the intestines and thymus. "A20 had been...nflammation can cause extensive damage to affected tissues by interfering with normal cellular processes, altering blood flow through the area, and triggering ......sive infiltration of bone marrow and adjacent soft tissues by leukocytes) and skeletal damage (reduced bone mineral density and severe bone resorption). The highest doses of IL-1ra reduced bone erosion by 61 percent and osteoclasts (cells that resorb bone) by 74 percent, compared to no therapy. Quality of...Driving differentiation of human embryonic stem cells
...e the more specialized cells that make up specific tissues such as brain and muscle. In a research article published in the October 10, 2000, issue of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , research teams led by Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Douglas A. Melton and Hebrew Univers...Ion microscopy pinpoints drugs inside cancer cells
...the journal were performed in cell cultures and on tissues from rats, although, says Chandra, human cell cultures and tissues have been used in studies. The technique is novel because molecules that have been labeled with eith......ting them from sticking to neighbouring organs and tissues to form post-surgical adhesions. These painful scars happen after routine gynaecological, heart, gut, brain and general surgery. Corrective operations cost an estimated $3 billion worldwide each year, says Sawhney. The gel starts off as two sep......lanted human cells have persisted in various sheep tissues for over one year without rejection by the sheeps ... stem cell potential can be found in various adult tissues as well, including the bone marrow and nervous system. In the study at Childrens Hospital, researc...Tiny RNA may be universal regulator of developmental timing in animals
...e "molting" of baby teeth or the growth of certain tissues at puberty. Defects in developmental timing could figure in a variety of human birth defects. The let-7 gene is the type that is missed by current methods of genome sequence analysis, Ruvkun explains. For example, estimates of the number of human ge...Hopkins scientists show enzyme is key to hallmark of Alzheimer's
...yloid builds up, nerve cells are damaged and brain tissues become inflamed. Some researchers believe this chronic inflammation progressively injures nerve cells, leading to the symptoms of the disease. Scientists say another enzyme, called gamma-secretase, is also involved in brain production of plaque. ...Estrogen a possible factor in obesity for both sexes, researchers say
...archers studied the effects of estrogen on various tissues in both males and females. In the altered mice, they saw a rise of up to 170 percent in the amount of fat, becoming apparent first at 30 days of age and increasing through one year of age. In addition, the estrogen-deficient mice had an 11 percent ...The silence of the clones: new link between DNA replication and 'silent' chromosome architecture
...tched on, and others off, giving rise to cells and tissues with distinctive properties (e.g. liver versus muscle). Such differential gene expression is determined in part by the large-scale architecture or chromatin structure of DNA. "Silent" regions of DNA are tightly packaged into forms of chromatin that a...Hopkins researcher finds bone disease and growth defect may have common genetic basis
...e pathways lead to the development of bone in soft tissues remains unknown, Levine says, but researchers now know where to look. Levine's group studied red blood cells from two girls, ages 7 and 10, and analyzed the many proteins that swim inside or on the surface of cell membranes. Using antibodies to selec...