Fears of second-hand smoke confirmed
...to induce neutrophil recruitment and activation of transcription factors such as activator protein-1 and nuclear factor- B. Apoptosis is a form of cell death that occurs under several physiological and pathological situations, and it represents a common mechanism of cell replacement, tissue remodeling, and remova...ES cell model could provide clues to causes, cures for diabetes
...cells, such as the expression of specialized early transcription factors important for the formation of the pancreas. They also showed similar patterns of islet hormones, expressed genes that help regulate islet cells and ultimately generated insulin-producing cells. "If human embryonic stem cells can be shown to...JCI table of contents, July 15, 2003
...ds and was found to regulate the expression of key transcription factors, lipogenic enzymes, and transport proteins...nthesis. TITLE: Keratinocyte growth factor and the transcription factors C/EBPa, C/EBPd, and SREBP-1c regulate fatty acid synthesis in alveolar type II cells AUTHOR ...Mutant gene found to cause early ovarian failure in mice
...ene, which belongs to the forkhead gene family. As transcription regulators, or switches that turn other genes on and off, forkhead genes are believed to control processes related to aging, cancer and diabetes. In this experiment, the researchers "knocked out" the FOXO3a gene, effectively mutating it, in mice to o...Scientists find potential stem cells in amniotic fluid a new source?
... within these positive samples expressed the Oct-4 transcription factor indicated that there was a distinct sub-population within the amniotic fluid cell sample with the potential to differentiate, rather than indicating that they had simply found a low general background Oct-4 expression. The cells were also show...Male sex hormones cooperate with breast cancer gene to suppress tumors
...le sex hormones to enhance its ability to activate transcription of genes, which may suppress tumor formation in normal cells, Salk Institute researchers have found. The study, published in the June 10 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, provides details on how the normal form of the gene may work, a...New Zealand biotech: An emerging global presence
...nt Sciences Division focuses on novel hormones and transcription factors to control traits of trees, biofuel crops, and forage grasses. ( Genesis interview opportunity: Director Mr. Jim McLean ). New anticancer immunoconjugates By subjecting microorganisms to tightly controlled fermentation processes, IRL B...JCI table of contents, 2 June, 2003
... loss TITLE: Kinase-mediated regulation of common transcription factors accounts for the bone-protective effects of sex steroids AUTHOR CONTACT: Stavros C. Manolagas University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA. Phone: (501)-686-5130 Fax: (501)-686-8148 E-mail: manolagasstavros@uams.e...Inner ear of chicken yields clues to human deafness and balance disorders
...r. A second microarray held 1,422 human genes for transcription factors, proteins that latch onto genes to turn them on or off. The investigators had to use human genes because few genes in the chicken have been identified. (That situation will change with the mapping of the chicken genome, a project now under wa......ifying which regulators of gene expression, called transcription factors, are in control of individual genes. The ...rs, reducing the number of biologically irrelevant transcription factors identified in a search by 85%. The researchers have now made the tool available through an ...Virus researchers close in on the secret life of DNA
...ility is that Z-DNA plays a role in regulating the transcription of specific anti-viral genes," said Jacobs. "Maybe...r proteins binding to the Z-DNA and that increases transcription of the anti-viral genes. Maybe what the virus has done is make another protein that binds to the Z-D...Mutated protein combination tied to excessive sugar production
...lpha and FOXO1 proteins. FOXO1 protein, known as a transcription factor, binds directly to the DNA molecules of the gluconeogenesis genes, causing them to copy their genetic blueprints into RNA. PGC-1alpha does not directly bind to the DNA, but instead docks onto the FOXO1 protein. Together, they area a powerful, ...Bucket with two ears catches DNA
...mains. In the cell YB-1 forms the link between the transcription of the DNA and the subsequent production of a new protein. YB-1 consists of three different domains. These are compact parts which can fold independently without using other parts of the protein. The Cold Shock domain derives its name from its functi...Tob or Not To Be: Role of tob gene in cancer investigated
... acts in conjunction with other factors to repress transcription of the cyclin D1 gene. When tob activity is diminished, Cyclin D1 levels rise, and cells progress through the cell cycle consistent with their original finding of decreased tob mRNA levels in human cancers....Team jams bacteria 'talk' to boost bio-product yields
...stem. The team began two years ago by mapping DNA transcription of four quorum-regulated genes and 20 stress genes of E. coli. They found significant regulatory overlap among several stress and starvation genes and known quorum-sensing genes. "Because quorum-sensing signals turn bacterial genes on and off, deciph...Scientists investigate several techniques to achieve successful gene therapy
...DNA. Research is on to investigate methods such as transcription factors, antisense inhibition or RNA interference, and gene repair to regulate expression without the transfer of genes. Vectors that target particular tissue and cell types to avoid the systemic exposure and side effects such as those seen in curren...A switch that makes a blood clot sticky found within the platelet membrane
... or to produce an important protein such as a gene transcription factor," said Bennett. "It will be interesting, and even medically important, to determine how these signals can be modulated." Other scientists involved in the research paper described here include Renhao Li, Neal Mitra, Holly Gratkowski, Gaston Vi...Scientists produce mouse eggs from embryonic stem cells, demonstrating totipotency even in vitro
...d in Petri dishes -- without any special growth or transcription factors -- grew into oocytes and then into embryos, will be reported this week on the web site of the journal Science . The results demonstrate that even outside the body embryonic stem cells remain totipotent, or capable of generating any of the bo...Researchers find viral protein that mimics its way into cells
...d to calcineurin. "NFAT is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in all cells by binding to the enzyme calcineurin," Lairmore said. "Once bound, it removes a phosphate group from the enzyme allowing it to travel from t......ression can lead to cancer. The myc gene encodes a transcription factor (Myc) that, together with a partner protein...y of their promoter (the portion of the gene where transcription begins). Of the 1630 gene loci identified, approximately 700 underwent further biochemical character...