Scientists sequence genome of kind of organism central to biosphere's carbon cycle
...warming. "Now that we have a glimpse at the inner workings of diatoms, we're better positioned to understand how changes in the environment will translate into increases or decreases in diatom abundance," says Dan Rokhsar, who heads computational genomics at the Joint Genome Institute and one of the co-autho...NSF awards 22 new projects for plant genome research
...m $700,000 to $6.6 million, will explore the inner workings of plants' genes as well as the role genetics play... will look at how genes contribute to the internal workings of an organism. A project at Pennsylvania State University, for example, will study the molecular ge...Binocular rivalry: Fulfilling visual expectations
...ronment, it provides a useful means of probing the workings of the visual parts of our brain: although an experimental visual stimulus is artificial, the brain is functioning in its usual way. Watson, Pearson, and Clifford used binocular rivalry to demonstrate the importance of feedback in our interpretation ...Israeli scientists reveal the plan of a key cellular machine
...to mistakes in this process, and understanding the workings of the machinery involved may lead to the ability ...ather than follow previous attempts to unravel the workings of the splicing mechanism by studying spliceosomes created in test tubes, they managed to take splic...Study by Israeli scientists provides insight on DNA code
...to mistakes in this process, and understanding the workings of the machinery involved may lead to the ability ...ather than follow previous attempts to unravel the workings of the splicing mechanism by studying spliceosomes created in test tubes, they managed to take splic...U of T study identifies possible stem cells in pancreas
... beta cells and neurons, cells associated with the workings of the brain and the nervous system. "The existing dogma regarding how development occurs states that fairly early in development, there is a distinction made between a group of cells destined to make the brain and another group destined to make the ...Study finds anti-HIV protein evolved millions of years before the emergence of AIDS
... the result of the first detailed glimpse into the workings of a genome-defense system in which both parties to the conflict have been clearly identified suggests that some forms of the protein are more effective at overcoming HIV infection than others, which may influence whether a person's disease advances...Environment influences learning: U of T study
...ilar genes in humans in order to shed light on the workings of human memory. This study was supported by the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. U of T post-doctoral fellow William Nuttley also contributed to the research....Cancer gene MYC emerging as key research target
...ars have scientists begun to unravel MYC's complex workings in an effort to develop therapies that would block MYC's function in cancer. The promise of therapies targeting MYC appears especially great; MYC mutations are associated with a wide range of common cancer types, including breast, colon, ovarian and ...Basic RNA enzyme research promises single-molecule biosensors
...ARBOR, Mich.---Research aimed at teasing apart the workings of RNA enzymes eventually may lead to ways of monitoring fat metabolism and might even assist in the search for signs of life on Mars, according to University of Michigan researcher Nils Walter. His latest work was published online in the Proceedin......hich Capecchi and his colleagues have examined the workings of homeobox or Hox genes, which act like conductors to orchestrate the operation of other genes, turning those genes on and off at the appropriate times as an embryo develops. All mammals have 13 groups of Hox genes with two to four genes per grou...Researchers identify gene linked to sperm-producing stem cells in mammals
...r germ stem cells or commit to becoming sperm. The workings of stem cells within the testicles are not well understood in mammals, though a few genes have been linked to stem cell self-renewal in the fruit fly, which has a simpler anatomical structure. Braun's laboratory studies mammals. One of his predoctor...New insights on sirtuins, involved in gene expression and aging
...nt years, scientists have become interested in the workings of a family of enzymes called sirtuins, known to play critical roles in a variety of vital life processes, including metabolism, aging, and gene expression. Previous studies, for example, have suggested that low-calorie diets that extend life boost ...Wisconsin chemists find a new chink in TB's armor
...the National Science Foundation, have detailed the workings of a key enzyme that the bacterium requires to maintain the integrity of its cell walls. Enzymes are proteins that initiate chemical reactions within plant and animal cells. "We've figured out how this enzyme works. If you knock it out, the bacteria ...Could vitamins raise levels of bad cholesterol? Animal study suggests they might
...ect experimentation in people to explore the inner workings of the liver is difficult, says Dr. Fisher, "but there are already observational studies in normal people showing that a diet enriched in polyunsaturated fats increases blood levels of lipid peroxides and decreases levels of VLDL and LDL." Ant...Unnatural light-dark cycles expose duelling circadian clocks
...but also within the SCN itself, that underlies the workings of the circadian timing system. In humans, some of the symptoms arising from jet lag or rotating work schedules might not be due to the desynchronization between the central brain pacemaker and downstream oscillators in the body, but rather from the ...Researchers describe long-perplexing 'magic spot' on bacteria
...This study sheds a good deal of light on the inner workings of the molecular machinery that carries out gene expression in bacteria," she said. "Knowing this can serve as a basis for a new type of antibiotics. In related work reported in a recent issue of the Journal of Bacteriology, Artsimovitch led a team o...Florida Tech researchers win $912,700 grant for cell studies
...s regulated," said Leonard. "We think of the inner workings of the cell as machinery and some of the machines need to be switched on at a specific time for the cell to reproduce" Studies in the Leonard/Grimwade laboratories have led to the identification of key pieces of the switch. Understanding their role...Nanotechnology highlights from the ACS national meeting in Anaheim, Calif., March 28-April 1
...searchers unprecedented abilities to see the inner workings of cells, which could lead to better medical diagnostics and improved noninvasive imaging techniques. The sensors, made of special biological polymers similar to cell membranes, are more biocompatible with cells than conventional materials and better...Failure of DNA repair mechanism precedes final stage of deadly leukemia, new Penn study shows
...ast crisis. Researchers were able to determine the workings of BCR/ABL by comparing the amounts of damaged to un-damaged DNA in a cell line when the oncogene was turned "on" and "off." DNA damage was linked to the protein ATR and measured using comet assays. "If blocking DNA repair proves to be the cause of ...