High-intensity ultrasound may launch attack on cancer, wherever it lurks
...ns of cancer cells, but some of the other proteins locked inside those cells, which Zhong called danger signals. The researchers found in mice with colon cancer that mechanical HIFU delivered to the animals tumors sparked an immune response twice as strong as did thermal HIFU, presumably by releasing a mu...Tiny tweezers and yeast help St. Jude show how cancer drug works
...anded DNA in those cells. Instead, the DNA becomes locked in tight twists, called supercoils, which bulge out from the side of the over-wound DNA moleculemuch like the bulges in an over-wound telephone cord. If these supercoils accumulate and persist while the cell is trying to separate the two strands of D...Scientists propose the kind of chemistry that led to life
...leading to arrangements that can become stable, or locked in, says Ken Dill, PhD, senior author of the paper and professor of pharmaceutical chemistry at UCSF. The scientists compare this chemical process of search, selection, and memory to another well-studied process: different rates of neuron firing i...Soils offer new hope as carbon sink
...environment is that the carbon in agrichar remains locked up in the soil for many years longer than, for example, carbon applied as compost, mulch or crop residue. "We broadly categorise carbon in the soil as being labile (liable to change quickly) or stable depending on how quickly they break down and co...West African Ocean sediment core links monsoons to global climate evolution
...eral Ice Age climate cycles. From chemical data locked into fossil plankton shells, the researchers documented how the strength of ancient monsoons is directly tied to two factors: the Northern Hemispheres climate shifts due to the expansion and contraction of the European and North American continental ...The 'driving' force behind electric vehicles
...talists spoke out on both sides. All parties were locked in a confrontational relationship fueled by a longstanding mutual mistrust. Public participation was openly sought. The French mandate, however, was characterized by heavy government involvement. Much of the interaction between government and bus...BCM, Rice make major advance in structural biology
...ts are constantly moving, even when the protein is locked in a crystal form," said lead researcher Jianpeng Ma, who holds joint appointments at both BCM and Rice. "We expect our method to be particularly useful in refining very large and flexible supramolecular complexes with limited diffraction data." No...Scientists reveal structure of gateways to gene control
...is control region and that the nucleosome keeps it locked so the gene cannot be turned on until it is needed," Pugh said. When the gene is needed, the cell's molecular machinery loosens the DNA wrapping around the nucleosome, unlocking the transcription gateway to give access to the cell's molecular transc...Fish extinctions alter critical nutrients in water, study shows
...ts as nitrogen and phosphorus, which are otherwise locked up in animal or plant cells. Fish excrete dissolved nutrients back into the water, making them available to algae, which need them to grow. The study, published in the Feb. 27 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, finds that o...Deep in the ocean, a clam that acts like a plant
...tem, depending on symbiotic bacteria to use energy locked up in hydrogen sulfide to replace sunlight. Now, the genome of this symbiont has been completely sequenced and published in Science. "The difference here is that while plants get their energy and carbon via photosynthesis by chloroplast symbionts, ......has found that stem cells in cancerous tissues are locked in an immature state in which they carry on multiplying instead of maturing into specific tissues. Some resistant cancer cells dont listen to the stop signal any more, he explains. That stop sign is delivered by the polycomb proteins. They silence s...Primitive yeast yields secrets of human cholesterol and drug metabolism
...see how far-reaching its control might be. Dap1 locked on to all four P450s, including one required for clearing half of all known drugs from the body, another involved in making bile and one required for making natural steroid hormones in the adrenal glands. Collectively, our experiments suggest that ...Cloudy apple juice four times healthier than clear
...larification that removes the beneficial compounds locked away in the apple pulp. Retailers also tend to favour clear juice because it has a longer shelf life than cloudy juice. Also of interest in C&I issue 1 2007: Super Sausages Adding orange fibre to the mix allows scientist to make tasty sausages w...Resilient form of plant carbon gives new meaning to term 'older than dirt'
...gest pool of carbon in the world behind the carbon locked deep in the Earth as fossil fuel oils and coal and the carbon that is dissolved in the world's oceans. In soils, the more edible kinds of carbon from plants are quickly digested by bacteria and turned back into carbon dioxide. But about half the orga...JCI table of contents: November 16, 2006
... IMMUNOLOGY: Dendritic cells help keep pathogens locked up Most individuals who become infected with the pathogens that cause diseases such as tuberculosis and listeria clear the pathogens without any trouble. However, some people (including diabetics, women who are pregnant, and individuals infected w......round 130 metres again as the ice-age returned and locked up water," Prof. McCulloch says. "Water temperatures off Margaret River would then have been more like water temperatures off Geraldton today, allowing the corals to flourish and reefs to form. The discovery is of particular importance as it shows t...Symposium 'Environmental Change in Siberia -- Insights From Earth Observation and Modeling'
...g. Large amounts of greenhouse gases are currently locked in the permafrost and in organic soils, and if released could accelerate the greenhouse effect." Professor Balzter, of the Department of Geography, said the Symposium would bring together Russian, British and European scientists from different disc...Poplar DNA code cracked -- new possibilities for sustainable energy
...ials for bio-ethanol. However, these materials are locked up in the lignified cell wall and are therefore difficult to access for conversion to bio-ethanol. Wout Boerjan and his team are investigating which genes are important for wood formation and how they might genetically modify the formation of the cel...Slow brain waves play key role in coordinating complex activity
...ent patients revealed that high-gamma activity was locked to the theta rhythm in many different areas of the brain. The stronger the theta wave, the stronger the coupling to high-gamma oscillations. The pattern of coupling between theta and high-gamma also changed with the task. Patients listening to a lis...Transplant cures rats' type 2 diabetes without need for immune suppression drugs
... can become virtually any cell type, primordia are locked into becoming cells of a particular organ. Their approach for diabetes treatment uses pig pancreatic primordia. In previous research, they found that obtaining the primordia early in the pigs' development rendered them "invisible" to the rats' immune...