Success or failure of antidepressant citalopram predicted by gene variation
... millions of structural units that comprise even a tiny segment of DNA a resource- and time-intensive process by organizing the units into more manageable blocks of information....Molecule blocks gene, sheds light on liver cancer
...cule is a microRNA, a recently discovered class of tiny molecules used by cells to help control the kinds and amounts of proteins they make. More than 250 different microRNAs have been discovered, and several have been linked to cancer. These findings show exactly how one specific microRNA, called miR-...Particle emissions from laser printers might pose health concern
...n laser printers used in offices and homes release tiny particles of toner-like material into the air that people can inhale deep into lungs where they may pose a health hazard, scientists are reporting. Their study is scheduled for the August 1 online issue of the American Chemical Societys Environmental...Gold nanoparticles may pan out as tool for cancer diagnosis
...marker proteins on breast cancer cells, making the tiny particles a potential tool to better diagnose and ...years." The gold nanoparticles, or nanorods, are tiny rod-shaped gold particles, even smaller than viruses, which are equipped with antibodies designed to...Under magnetic force, nanoparticles may deliver gene therapy
After binding DNA segments to tiny iron-containing spheres called nanoparticles, researchers have used magnetic fields to direct the nanoparticles into arterial muscle cells, where the DNA could have a therapeutic effect. Although the research, done in cell cultures, is in early stage...Nanotechnology helps scientists make bendy sensors for hydrogen vehicles
...e electronics. The leakage of hydrogen caused by tiny pinholes in the pipe of a space shuttle, for example, could not be easily detected by individual rigid detectors because the locations of pinholes are not predetermined, said Sun. However, laminating a dense array of flexible sensors on the surfaces ...Discovery in plant virus may help prevent HIV and similar viruses
...sms used for research, such as fruit flies and the tiny wormlike organism Caenorhabditis elegans, have only one gene in the protein complex that retroviruses use to activate transcription. These organisms die if that gene is completely blocked because of its essential role during transcription. This makes...Military to study better pain relief in battle zones
...rt medical help. The ultimate goal is to develop tiny drug-bearing particles that a fellow soldier or perhaps the injured soldier himself could inject with a pen-like device, even in the heat of combat. That would solve one of the challenges now. Morphine, an effective painkiller that the military commo...Researchers find pathway that controls cell size and division
...rial to thrive or to create specific cell types: a tiny sperm versus a gargantuan egg for example. In single-celled organisms such as yeast and bacteria nutrient availability is the primary determinant of cell size. In animal cells size is controlled in large part by a molecule that senses the blood sugar...St. Jude study solves mystery of mammalian ears
...uidgenerates waves in the fluid, somewhat like the tiny waves made by a pebble thrown into a pond. This energy causes the hair cell cilia in both mammals and non-mammals to swing back and forth quickly in a steady rhythm. In mammals, the rod-shaped body of the outer hair cell contracts and then vibrate...Presence of wolves allows aspen recovery in Yellowstone
...in streamside riparian zones, that have grown from tiny shoots in the past decade to heights of more than seven feet a key point in their long-term survival, placing their crowns above the height easily browsed by elk and other animals. Tree growth in some stands has been particularly apparent just in th...... colleagues for the current study is equipped with tiny chambers and valves that allow researchers to isol...iple types of microbes into a chip, and manipulate tiny valves to direct individual rod-shaped bacteria into miniature chambers. Once individual microbes we...A new method of adult stem cell growth efficacious in treatment of disorders of the cornea
...m - and so the contrateral eye is not in danger. A tiny number of cells thus being involved, it is necessary to grow the samples in order to obtain greater numbers of cells, an expansion achieved by transferring the culture to the amniotic membrane. The adult stem cells obtained are implanted in the dam...Charting ever-changing genomes
...xpressed in an Arabidopsis cell are spotted onto a tiny glass slide known as a microarray. The chopped up genomes of the different strains were then allowed to bind to their immobilized counterparts. Reduced hybridization resulted in a signal telling the researchers which regions the genomes differed from...Fruit fly research may 'clean up' conventional impressions of biology
... 10 percent -- a quantity that on the scale of the tiny embryo amounts to only a few molecules of Bicoid. "This signaling requires a sensitivity approaching the limits set by basic physical principles," Bialek said. "Perhaps more important than the answers we have found so far, this work has led us to s...Cardiac patches stimulate regeneration, improve function after heart attack
...skin around bone. Though the mature heart only has tiny amounts, its abundant during fetal heart development, and increased amounts are also made after skeletal-muscle injury, bone fracture and blood vessel injury, stimulating mature, specialized cells to begin dividing again. Led by Bernhard Kuhn, MD, i...American Chemical Society's Weekly PressPac -- July 11, 2007
...rical shorts that fry circuit boards. Just as a tiny blood clot can fell a seemingly hale human, a tin whisker can bring an electronic device to its knees, writes C&EN senior editor Sophie L. Rovner. Electrical shorts caused by growth of these needle-like crystals have knocked out guided missiles and...Microscopic jets, diamonds unlikely on Uranus, and amazing mosquito legs
...bon atoms would be much more suitable for creating tiny bits of graphite rather than diamond. In white ... the insect's pesky reputation to discover how the tiny creatures manage to be so comfortable on such a diverse range of surfaces. Like flies, mosquito fe...White blood cells are picky about sugar
... neutrophils respond to beta-glucan. After coating tiny beads with a variety of substances (including beta-1,3-glucan and beta-1,6-glucan), she exposed them to the neutrophils and was surprised to see a striking difference in their response to the two sugars. The neutrophils quickly engulfed many of the b......m to eradicate these biofilms using bacteriophage, tiny viruses that attack bacteria. Phage have long been used in Eastern Europe and Russia to treat infection. For a phage to be effective against a biofilm, it must both attack the strain of bacteria in the film and degrade the film itself. Recently, a...