Scientists map one of biology's critical light-sensing structures
...ing to the report, suggests its architecture first arose a billion or so years ago in a common ancestor and is shared among not only bacteria, but also by plants and fungi. "This is probably the most important light regulator in agriculture," says Richard Vierstra, a UW-Madison plant geneticist and one of......m for this bacteria. Moreover, the second strategy arose during the development of a medium chemically defined in order to study how environmental signals affect the process of formation of the biofilm. Unexpectedly, most of the clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus were unable to form biofilm in the...New and sharper X-rays of cell's ribosome could lead to better antibiotics
...sms, ranging from bacteria to humans, and probably arose nearly 2 billion years ago. They have changed so l...NA), a sister of the DNA that comprises our genes, arose when RNA, not DNA, carried our genetic dowry. Because of its importance to life, and the fact that i...Picky female frogs drive evolution of new species in less than 8,000 years
...ast in my experience." The yet-to-be-named species arose after two isolated populations of the green-eyed tree frog reestablished contact less than 8,000 years ago and found that their hybrid offspring were less viable. To avoid hybridizing with the wrong frogs and ensure healthy offspring, one group of fe...Charting the path of the deadly Ebola virus in central Africa
...in Gabon and Congo. In the prevailing view, ZEBOV arose from long-persistent local strains after increased contact between humans or great apes and an unidentified reservoir host. But Walsh et al. found support for the alternative hypothesis: that ZEBOV had recently spread to the outbreak regions. This is...A fatty acid found in milk may help control inflammatory diseases
...diets. A poultry scientist, Cook's interest in CLA arose when he began to investigate what seemed at first to be a simple question: Why does a chick or any other animal raised in a germ-free environment grow faster than one raised in a conventional environment? "In animal agriculture, you can see as much ...Ancient anthropoid origins discovered in Africa
...thropoids -- including monkeys, apes and humans -- arose in Africa and that the group had already begun branching into many species by that time. Also, they said, one of the creatures appears to have been nocturnal, the first example of a nocturnal early anthropoid. The researchers published their discover...New class of antibiotics effective against drug-resistant bacteria discovered in fungi
...the defensins found in insects, molluscs and fungi arose from a common ancestral gene, the researchers say. Based on this information, the scientists now believe that defensins appeared in living things more than a billion years ago. The investigators then turned to the National Center for Antimicrobials ...Latest study: Scientists say no evidence exists that therapod dinosaurs evolved into birds
...ated tissues, Feduccia said. Much of the confusion arose from the fact that in China in the same area, two ...ia said the strongest case for feathered dinosaurs arose in 1996 with a small black and white photo of the early Cretaceous period small dinosaur Sinosauropt...Finding rewrites the evolutionary history of the origin of potatoes
...to varieties to assess whether the domestic potato arose from a single wild progenitor or whether it arose multiple times - and the results were clear, says David Spooner, the USDA research scientist who led...Cancer drug might help kids with fatal 'aging' syndrome
...thesized at the time that the problems in progeria arose specifically because the modifications persist." So Michaelis and postdoctoral fellow Monica Mallampalli, Ph.D., set out to test that idea. Mallampalli genetically engineered a human cell line (HeLa) to have either of two mutations in the gene for la...University of Kentucky awarded $6 million for GDNF and related research
...nutes" broadcast a feature on the controversy that arose when Kentucky and New York patients enrolled in a national Phase 1 clinical trial for the drug were left without medical treatment or legal recourse when Amgen, Inc., the biotech firm that holds the patent for GDNF, suddenly withdrew the drug from te......ir data suggest that major variants in these genes arose at roughly the same times as the origin of culture in human populations as well as the advent of agriculture and written language.The research team, which was led by Bruce T. Lahn, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at the University of C...University of Chicago researchers find human brain still evolving
...resent-day humans. For ASPM, the new variant class arose about 5,800 years ago and now shows up in approxim... very short period of time, this class of variants arose from a single copy to many copies. That implies that this must have happened because of positive sel...A new view of human-chimpanzee genome differences
...e is a high frequency of de novo duplications that arose over the time of human and great ape evolution," s...differences in structure between humans and chimps arose or might be tolerated because of important adaptations in the genes themselves." There are a few ex...Vibrio bacteria could be a risk to fish as well as humans
...stin comments: "Having observed this, the question arose about whether any of these new species could have implications to the health of marine animals. The answer was that around half of the new species killed fish in laboratory conditions. Our research shows that marine vibrios could cause disease to fis...Tissue regeneration operates differently than expected
...ll cases in which functional skeletal muscle cells arose from mesenchymal stem cells were based on the fusion of stem cells with already differentiated muscle cells. Although, like the researchers from Bad Nauheim show, cultivated mesenchymal stem cells are able to express a number of heart- and skeletal m...Evolution of taste receptor may have shaped human sensitivity to toxic compounds
...e favorably selected versions of the receptor gene arose prior to the expansion of humans out of Africa. The researchers went on to show experimentally that such variants of the receptor, when expressed in individual cells, conferred an increased sensitivity toward several harmful compounds found in nature...Toxins drove evolution of human taste sense, global study reveals
... in human evolution. The team estimated that K172N arose during the Middle Pleistocene, 78,700 to 791,000 years ago, before the expansion of early humans out of Africa. Further study of the receptor variant found that K172N had a clear effect on receptor function. In particular, taste receptors carrying th......ne. The design of these new analysis methodologies arose from the need for adaptation to new market demands in the wine-producing world. To make an analytical determination of Ocratoxine A, AZTI has launched a HPLC technique based on fluorescence detection for wines. Ocratoxine A (a mycotoxin produced by v...