Type 2 diabetes: Problems in the furnace
...imulation. Normal mitochondria react to insulin by boosting production of an energy-carrying molecule, ATP, by 90 percent. But the mitochondria from the insulin-resistant people they tested only boosted ATP production by 5 percent. "These data demonstrate that insulin-stimulated rates of ATP synthesis are red...New protein vital for immune response is found in surprise location
... expression or activity may be a viable option for boosting immune responses against viral diseases." The fact that MAVS is located within the membrane of the mitochondrion makes sense for a couple of reasons, Dr. Chen said. First, proteins housed within the mitochondria have been shown by researchers, such ...Cellular power plants also fend off viruses
...d that is in immunity," he said. Understanding how boosting MAVS function causes cells to resist viral infecti...nce the activity of MAVS may prove to be useful in boosting immunity against viruses," he said. "Furthermore, we suspect that MAVS might be a prime target for s...Breast tumors in mice eradicated using cancer vaccine
... more properly described as immunotherapy, work by boosting an immune response against tumor-associated antigens. Using Listeria, the researchers, led by Yvonne Paterson, PhD, Professor of Microbiology, delivered the tumor-associated antigen HER-2/Neu to immune cells. HER-2/Neu is overexpressed in 20 to 40 pe...Phytochemicals may protect cartilage, prevent pain in joints
...s, the reaction to shear stress is beneficial: the boosting of phase 2 enzymes that may protect the cells from cancer-causing chemicals and other toxic agents. Yet in joints, the response to high shear stress is potentially harmful: an increase in the levels of COX-2 enzyme, which triggers inflammation and pa...Ossur one of Europe's 500 fastest growing companies
...ave managed to sustain growth since the year 2001, boosting employment and sales at an impressive average annual rate of 14%. Ossur Ossur (Icelandic Stock Exchange: OSSR) is a trusted and global leader in the development, manufacturing, distribution, sales and marketing of high technology orthopedic and p...Teens with deletion syndrome confirm gene's role in psychosis
...n symptoms of the deletion syndrome by chronically boosting the chemical messenger dopamine to excessive levels in the brain's executive hub, the prefrontal cortex, during development. The study is the first to show the long-term effects of the dopamine-regulating gene in a disorder related to schizophrenia, ...Zebrafish and CHIP help untangle protein misfolding in brain disease
...y control is disrupted in HD and also suggest that boosting CHIP 's action may be a route to potential therapies. Paulson noted that in addition to showing that CHIP may be a good therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases, the study also demonstrates that zebrafish can be a powerful model for human ne...New ECCO studies highlight promising potential of cancer immunotherapy
...t studies have indicated vaccination as a route to boosting anti-tumour T-cell reponses to help kill malignant...suggests that future therapeutic vaccines aimed at boosting tumour-primed effector T-cells may benefit from procedures that minimise the pro-tumour effects of T...Univ. of Chicago scientists find potential cause of breathing problems in Rett Syndrome children
...xample, is often prescribed to treat depression by boosting serotonin levels, as well as other drugs currently are used for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder that boost both serotonin and norepinephrine levels. Scientists are eager to discover whether treating the erratic breathing of RS will affect an...Rutgers researchers scientifically link dancing ability to mate quality
...ess and the same size all to keep evaluators from boosting or dropping dancers' scores based on considerations other than dance moves. The researchers also evaluated each dancer for body symmetry, an accepted indicator in most animal species including humans of how well an organism develops despite problem...New technique points to safer, more efficient vaccination
...r of the study, and his colleagues have shown that boosting the production of TAP, an immune system component, can make smaller doses of vaccines more effective. Smaller vaccine doses would mean reduced side effects and the capacity to immunize more people with less material. "As the approach we have disco...Nobelist discovers antidepressant protein in mouse brain
...compensate for reduction in serotonin signaling by boosting levels and binding of serotonin to receptors. Previous studies have suggested that serotonin receptors are essential in regulating moods and in mediating the effects of SSRIs, but given the complexity of the serotonin system, exactly how these recept...Protein finding could lead to treatment for inflammatory diseases
...MCV-infected skin cells, to prevent cytokines from boosting the immune system. MC160 is probably helping the virus persist." Upon further examination, Shisler and Nichols discovered that MC160 shuts down the NF-kB-triggered inflammatory response by degrading a subunit of the immune system's I Kappa Kinase (IK...Weizmann Institute suggests that immune cells help to maintain cognition and brain cell renewal
...s in memory skills. Therefore, by manipulating and boosting the immune system, it might be possible to prevent or at least slow down age-related loss of memory and learning abilities....New 'molecular switch' protein protects the heart from major cardiovascular damage
...rt respond to a harsh intracellular environment by boosting its performance during periods of stress. "By making this single histidine substitution in the adult form of troponin I, we retain hormonal responsiveness and provide protection from acidosis in the same molecule," Day says. "Several heart conditions...There's something fishy about human brain evolution
...ng the larder, shorelines provided essential brain boosting nutrients and minerals that launched Homo sapiens brains past their primate peers, says Dr. Cunnane, the Canada Research Chair in Brain Metabolism and Aging. Brain development and function requires ample supplies of a particular polyunsaturated fatty......llenges are large enough that even with warm water boosting larval development, conditions are not optimum for successful larval settlement." The blue-headed wrasse is common in the Caribbean and plays an important ecological role in tropical food webs. Its abundance makes it a useful model for other reef fis...Weighting cancer drugs to make them hit tumors harder
Scientists have devised a blueprint for boosting anti-cancer drugs' effectiveness and lowering their toxicity by attaching the equivalent of a lead sinker onto the drugs. This extra weight makes the drugs penetrate and accumulate inside tumors more effectively. Chemotherapy drugs often fall short o...... that the frequency of the training was crucial in boosting the rate and extent of their improvement. The brain processes spatial cues in the sound waves that enter each ear to localize sound and interprets sound on the horizontal plane by using disparities in how the sound reaches each ear, called interaural...