Nanosecond-scale release of stinging jellyfish nematocysts
...acceleration of up to 5,410,000 g. The researchers calculate that although the accelerated mass is very small (~1 nanogram), a pressure generated at the site of impact is more than 7 GPa, which is in the range of that generated by some bullets, and sufficient to penetrate the cuticle of crustacean prey. The re...Delft mathematician enhances protectiveness of military uniform
...ves that within a few years it will be possible to calculate a realistic model of the human body with protectiv...dly diminishes. Sobera used his computer models to calculate this moment in time for various situations. This was done using relatively simple models, but Sobera...New predictive model to assess individual's risk of prostate cancer
... calculator is available online and can be used to calculate risk of prostate cancer and high-grade disease for men aged 50 years or and older who have no previous history of prostate cancer and who have had recent PSA screening and DRE tests. The authors write, "This risk calculator model uses variables that...Lunar rocks suggest meteorite shower
...cumulate argon gas that scientists can measure and calculate from the known isotopic decay rate (from potassium) to determine age. "The formation of glass from the melting is like starting a clock," Duncan said. "It resets the time for us to determine billions of years later." Duncan and his colleagues say t...Building a hand-held lab-on-a-chip to simplify blood tests
...wo separate-yet-parallel micro-Coulter counters to calculate white blood cells and red blood cells independently. Tai and his colleagues plan to expand the technology to assess a variety of molecules in addition to blood, add the ability to measure fluids like plasma and urine, or incorporate cell surface mar...UW-Madison engineers squeeze secrets from proteins
...lo's research team developed a method to precisely calculate the entropy and determine how much of a protein's stability change upon confinement to attribute to energy and how much to entropy. "This is the important part of the calculation," de Pablo adds. Protein stability is an incredibly important property ...International symposium on radar altimetry in Venice, 13 to 18 March 2006
... its pulses' journey down to under a nanosecond to calculate the distance to the planet below to an accuracy of two centimetres. Radar altimetry is valuable to several scientific and application fields like monitoring El Nio events, mapping ocean currents such as the Gulf Stream and quantifying the impact o...New evidence that natural selection is a general driving force behind the origin of species
... diet and size. Then they used this information to calculate the differences in ecological adaptation between the hundreds of pairs of related species in the original studies. When they compared these differences in adaptation with the degree of reproductive isolation for each pair and then added them up, the ...Argonne researchers contribute 1000th structure
... Researchers using computers and advanced software calculate the position of the atoms in the crystal, revealing its three-dimensional structure. The structure provides insight into how the biomolecule performs its task. For example, biologists determined how bacteria communicate by a mechanism called quorum ...Of mice, men, trees and the global carbon cycle
...ch light the plants will intercept. Even harder to calculate are the global amounts of carbon dioxide released by living, respiring plants; the amounts released as plants are decomposed by microbes; and the amounts being absorbed and emitted by oceans. "If all the carbon dioxide emitted from fossil fuel burni......precipitation. Simulations cited in the PNAS paper calculate that up to 50 percent of the surface warming in South Asia has been masked by haze. If emission trends continue, the subcontinent will face twice as many droughts in the next decade....'Computer-chemistry' yields new insight into a puzzle of cell division
...ent Jerry Parks, uses another bank of computers to calculate how components of molecules behave in small spaces -- in this case "how they wiggle," Rudolph said. By allowing both molecules to move -- as they would in the real world -- the researchers could evaluate whether match-ups that looked right when motio...Why the Amazon rainforest is so rich in species
...By using a "DNA clock" the scientists were able to calculate the age of the species within each group of species. If the DNA is similar between any pair of species, they must have split recently. If the DNA has diverged a great deal between species, the species are probably ancient. Some groups contain very yo...War on terror meets war on cancer
...gen-16. The washing process allowed researchers to calculate how much of the water extracted from the bacterial cakes came from outside and from inside the bacteria. Water samples were analyzed in a mass spectrometer, which detects the atomic weights of isotopes of oxygen within the water. The result: The rati...Innovative research set to push boundaries of cancer care
...rgan specific "read-out," which they developed, to calculate damage to organs. They found that CD60_DF1 given before exposure to X-rays reduced organ damage by 2/3rds, a level of protection that was as good as that provided by Amifostine. The fullerene nanoparticle effectively and efficiently bound to, and th......model, the Max Planck scientists have been able to calculate several transport properties, such as the average velocity and the average walking distance of the cargo particle as a function of the maximum number of motors that can pull this par-ticle. For kinesin motors, for example, calculations show that only...Technique offers new view of dynamic biological landscape
...olony size in an automated fashion and use that to calculate their growth rates. To determine epistatic effects, they compared the growth rate for each cell containing mutations in two genes with the growth rate of mutant cells carrying mutations in only one of those genes. "The analysis of these epistatic in...Yale researchers make cell biology quantitative
... protein, count up all the fluorescent signal, and calculate the number of molecules by comparing with their standardized sample proteins. The assay works whether the molecules are spread out or concentrated in particular parts of the cell, so they could also count the number of molecules in different location...ASU grant to explore DNA based computing
... due to a hurricane. "Our computer will be able to calculate the solution for the optimal number of people who ...escue people after a hurricane. It will be able to calculate an optimal course of action in a time frame that can save lives," Frasch added.......st-degree relatives of these patients were used to calculate the lifetime risk of melanoma in CDKN2A mutation carriers. The risk of melanoma in CDKN2A mutation carriers was estimated to be 14% by age 50, 24% by age 70, and 28% by age 80. Of the 18 melanoma patients who had three or more first-degree relatives ...