Cells re-energize to come back from the brink of death
...y to increase autophagythe process by which a cell chews up debris and broken components, such as damaged mitochondria. After disposing of damaged mitochondria the cell can replace these vital components. We found that in the absence of caspase activation, cells that avoided CICD took about a week or so...Firewood unintentionally transports emerald ash borer
...hanges into the adult stage. The adult beetle then chews a distinctive D-shaped exit hole, about an eighth of an inch in diameter, in the bark. The adult beetle flies to ash foliage where it feeds on the edges of the leaf. After feeding for about a week, the beetles will mate. Seven to 10 days after matin...McBride shows DNA detective work with paper-eating bacteria that 'glide'
...hydrate molecule through the middle, while another chews small pieces from the ends." Not so with C. hutchinsonii. Although it efficiently digests cellulose, in DNA analysis it appears to be lacking one of the usual enzymes, suggesting that it may use either a novel strategy or novel enzymes. The inform...The biggest bug in gut discomfort
...sosomes, where an acidic brew of hydrolase enzymes chews it up. By monitoring endosomal marker proteins, the researchers could watch as C. jejuni infected a host cell, and was briefly cloaked in the early endosomal marker EEA-1, and then the late endosomal marker Lamp-1. Was C. jejuni trafficking to conven...Extreme life, marine style highlights 2006 ocean census
...ustified its species name, hirsuta. A squid that chews Among the 80,000 organisms encompassing 354 families, genera and species that Census deep-sea investigators collected from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge was the reference specimen or holotype for a new species of squid: Promachoteuthis sloani. Although c...Cell death following blood 'reflow' injury tracked to natural toxin
...e brains of mice engineered to lack an enzyme that chews up and gets rid of PAR. These mouse brains contained twice as much PAR-polymer as those of normal mice. After the researchers induced a blood clot injury like a stroke, the same mice showed a 62 percent increase in the area of brain damage compared...U of M identifies cell line that is resistant to retroviruses, including HIV
...oteasome, a "machine" in the cell that destroys or chews up proteins, attacks the virus, preventing it from making more copies of itself. Proteasomes are signal dependant machines in the cell, and proteins are typically "tagged" to be destroyed. "Finding the switch that turns on the proteasome machine i...Researcher hits bulls-eye for antibiotic target
...to the substrate, it doesn't come off. The protein chews away until it reaches the end of the substrate chain." Sanders worked with a team to create the first-of-its-kind animated movie showing this process from the point of view of the substrate. The audience follows along as it is pulled through the pr...Study finds protein is required for human chromosome production
...stone messenger RNA molecule in two, but also then chews the unneeded portion of the histone mRNA molecule into pieces. It is rare to find two such activities within a single protein, Dominski said. "From the point of view of understanding biology, our findings provide a unified mechanism for the synthesis......ing into a jaw-like molecule that almost literally chews up the cell wall, thus allowing release of its progeny. It's like one of those transformer toys that you twist and they become something quite different from the original in shape and form, noted Sacchettini, whose group worked out the detailed mol...