Protein 'chatter' linked to cancer activation
...ve found the existence of cross-talk between human chromosome ends and the protein complexes central to the stab...hree human disorders have the job of ensuring that chromosome ends are maintained and protected, says Xu-Dong Zhu, assistant professor of biology and the lead aut...Does the desire to consume alcohol and tobacco come from our genetic makeup?
...ied an area relating to alcohol and tobacco use on chromosome 1. They found another area relating to alcohol on chromosome 3. On chromosome 4, they uncovered an area relating to smoking and found sex-specific loci inside so...deCODE discovers cause of major subtype of glaucoma
...laucoma. The SNPs are located in the LOXL1 gene on chromosome 15, and confer respectively 26-fold and 8-fold increases in risk of exfoliation glaucoma compared to the low-risk versions of the same markers. Approximately 25% of those in the Icelandic and Swedish study cohorts were found to have two copies of the...A unique arrangement for egg cell division
...ecular machinery functions that is responsible for chromosome reduction of egg cells in mice. In the current iss...omosomes are accurately aligned for the subsequent chromosome elimination. Assembling a spindle from so many centres takes very long and involves a lot of coordin...Teamwork between 2 key proteins necessary for normal development and regulation of red blood cells
...n humans, there are four globin genes clustered on chromosome 11 in the order in which they are turned on or expressed. These genes include the epsilon-globin gene, two gamma-globin genes and the beta-globin gene. Lloyd said that during fetal development, the embryonic epsilon-globin gene is active first, follo...Discredited Korean embryonic stem cells' true origins revealed
...nt pattern of variation through all regions of the chromosome -- thus making them easily distinguishable from parthenogenetic cells. The Korean cell line displays a genetic pattern that is clearly consistent with a parthenogenetic origin, Kim and Daley now show. Because mistakes during nuclear transfer can...Unknotting DNA clue to cancer syndrome
..., matching chromosomes associate so that an intact chromosome can act as a template for the damaged one. The DNA...the original chromosomes intact, or exchanging the chromosome arms to form a crossover. Both yeast and human cells contain two copies of each chromosome, one fr...Biologists at Tufts University discover 1 reason why chromosomes break, often leading to cancer
...lity and stalls replication, which then causes the chromosome to break. Catherine Freudenreich, associate prof...mon fragile site an area that is a normal part of chromosome structure but is prone to breaking. The site lies in the middle of a tumor suppressor gene and chrom...Aggressive therapy best for certain AML patients
...king chromosomes. These cells lack the microscopic chromosome damage that guide therapy. In 1994, however, a team of researchers that included Bloomfield discovered the MLL-PTD mutation in these patients. It was the first clinically useful marker to be identified in cases of AML with normal-looking chromosom...New databases put wings on search for bipolar risk genes
...cleotide polymorphisms, or SNPspresent in specific chromosome regions most likely to yield meaningful results. It also tells researchers if genes they want to study are represented on commercially-available gene chips. ...Jan Lwe awarded 2007 EMBO Gold Medal
...tubulin homologues and other key molecules control chromosome separation and cell division, adds Tony Crowther. He has a fearless approach to all aspects of modern structural biology and we are delighted that the EMBO Gold Medal has been awarded to someone with such strong structural interests. In addition to...Researchers find pathway that controls cell size and division
...es. Disrupting this pathway leads to defects in chromosome segregation. A cell that is too small is unable to effectively move its DNA away from the division site and the resultant daughter cells frequently do not contain all the genetic material that they should. By coordinating cell size with growth rate, ...First new multiple sclerosis gene found in 30 years
... multiple sclerosis, only genes within a region of chromosome 6 have to date been implicated in the disease. The...cs, demonstrated that a functional gene variant on chromosome 5 was associated with an increased susceptibility to the disease. The study was supported by the Nat...New model for autism suggests women carry the disorder and explains age as a risk factor
...symptoms. Spontaneous mutations are changes in a chromosome that alter genes. Germ-line mutations are newly acquired in a germ cell of a parent, and sometimes are transmitted to offspring at conception. Men and women are equally as likely to acquire a spontaneous mutation that can cause autism, but autism is ...Identified main genetic variants involved in response to HIV
.... These variations are located in the short arm of chromosome 6 in genes controlling HLA-B and HLA-C molecular s...pates in viral replication, and is also located in chromosome 6. Genetic variants associated to genes encoding HLA-B and HLA-C molecular systems would explain u...UK scientists lift lid on genetics of coronary artery disease
... our DNA on chromosomes 2, 6, 10 and 15 and two on chromosome 1 were associated with increased risk of developin...tudy also confirmed the importance of a variant on chromosome 9, previous identified in an independent study. "We are not talking about rare genetic variants h...Gene discovered for type 1 diabetes in children
... but also uncovered a new type 1 diabetes locus on chromosome 16, occupied by a gene called KIAA0350. The team then replicated this discovery in yet another independent cohort of 1,333 children with the disease from the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium, which includes children of European descent in Europe, ...Chromosome glue repairs damaged DNA
...henomenon called cohesion, whereby two copies of a chromosome in the cell nucleus are held tightly together by a...prevent cancer, for example. "We have shown that chromosome segregation and DNA repair are partly dealt with by the same machinery. These findings provide new u...New gene mutation identified in common type of dementia
... mutation identified in this study is in a gene on chromosome 17. The mutation leads to a loss of progranulin, a protein growth factor that helps brain cells survive. The mutation causes only half of the protein to be produced, because only one copy of the gene is active. Production of too much progranulin has ......n the scientific journal Nature Genetics shows how chromosome disorders can arise when sex cells are formed. ...tribution mechanism in female sex cells that cause chromosome disorders. Aberrant chromosomes orientate themselves like normal chromosomes, and this ability to ad...