Survival of heart patients on beta-blockers varies greatly with genetic variation
...ients who had G bases at position 79 or 46 on both chromosomes had only a six percent mortality rate and were termed low-risk. Patients with any other combination of beta-2 gene variations had an overall 11 percent risk of death after three years and were classified as an intermediate-risk group. "Our study mak...Double trouble: Cells with duplicate genomes can trigger tumors
...ll division that yields cells with an extra set of chromosomes can initiate the development of tumors in mice, re... chromosome content). Because the cells with extra chromosomes and centrosomes are biologically different from normal cells, cancer drugs designed to kill them whi...Flip-flopped chromosome reveals a first clue to Tourette syndrome
...mbers. The mutation was not found in another 3,600 chromosomes from people without TS that they analyzed. In two...lteration, which they called variant 321, in 4,200 chromosomes from individuals without TS. Variant 321 was located in a region of the genome predicted to be invol...Double-trouble: Cells with duplicate genomes can trigger tumors
...ct that tumor cells often have abnormal numbers of chromosomes supports this theory, and two papers published by ...at inaccurate segregation even of a single pair of chromosomes - an error that does occur randomly will halt cell division and produce tetraploid cells. Together...... the histone proteins in the architectural changes chromosomes undergo in meiosis. Modification of the chromatin...ted with the DNA ensures the proper segregation of chromosomes in meiosis and thus prevention of miscarriages and birth defects," explains Dr. Orr-Weaver....New stem cell transplantation technique may match donor for every patient
...mere repair: telomeres are the caps at the end of chromosomes that shorten with each cell division. Telomeres and telomere repair are fundamental to cell senescence, to aging in general, and to the development of cancer. These results provide a link between a basic biologic process and the failed bone marrow,...NHGRI's large-scale sequencing research network sets its sights on disease targets
...ld entail completely sequencing all genes on the X chromosomes of individuals affected with the disorders, and looking for variations that consistently correlate with each disorder. The other medical sequencing project given priority will attempt to characterize the entire spectrum of variation, bot...NIH joined by advocacy groups to fund research on autism susceptibility genes
... results that point to candidategenomic regions on chromosomes 7, 10, and 19. These signals will provideimportant clues to the three new genetics projects funded by theconsortium.* http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/oct2005/nimh-18.htm#star1#star1...Reify Corporation's Visible Discovery(tm) technology showcased at ICSB conference
...for measuring small scale, subcellular movement of chromosomes in a dynamic, high-content screen. Drs. David Drub...titative results from an assay that discovered how chromosomes move in relation to cellular nuclei. "By using Visible Discovery," said Dr. Drubin, "We were able to......tah. In all organisms, the genome is split into chromosomes (compressed long strands of DNA) which are subdivided into functional DNA segments called genes. Genes function as the blueprints for building particular pieces of cellular machinery. However, different types of cells each require different types of ...International consortium completes map of human genetic variation
...erences on human's 22 pairs of non-sex (autosomal) chromosomes between the Yoruba samples and the Japanese and Han Chinese samples; 11 between the Yoruba samples and the samples from Utah residents of northern and western European ancestry; and 21 between the Utah samples and the Japanese and Han Chinese samples...Flipped genetic sequences illuminate human evolution and disease
...ve been flipped in orientation and reinserted into chromosomes are hundreds of times more common in primates than...sed his research on large structural variations in chromosomes between humans and chimps, specifically genetic inversions. Inversions can disrupt the expression of...U-M scientists say fused genes trigger the development of prostate cancer
..., have discovered a recurring pattern of scrambled chromosomes and abnormal gene activity that occurs only in pro...nd other types of cancer. While rearrangements in chromosomes and fused genes have been detected in blood cell cancers like leukemia and lymphoma, and in Ewing's ...Conference examines role of chromosome changes in cancer
...ation," an exchange of small pieces of DNA between chromosomes 8 and 21 in patients with acute myeloblastic leuke... scientists around the world joined the search for chromosomes that either exchanged genetic material or in some cases lost it altogether. Others used the translo...Proteins take on new roles in malaria parasite
...h its human host many proteins involved in forming chromosomes during cell division, but those proteins may interact in different ways, creating different cellular pathways and even entirely different functions. This contradicts the currently accepted paradigm that shared proteins interact simply because their g...Sleeping sickness parasite shows how cells divide their insides
...t how cells divide, doubling and separating DNA in chromosomes is often the focus. Equally important is the way a cell prepares its internal organelles for distribution. Warren studies the Golgi complex, a membrane compartment in the cytoplasm that delivers newly-made proteins to different membranes in the cell....Common viruses may cause cancer
...dea that aberrations in the number or structure of chromosomes can spur tumor formation is more than a century old. Such aberrations--known collectively as "aneuploidy"--arise in two principal ways: as a consequence of abnormal cell division, or as a result of cell fusion. By either mechanism, the resulting aneu...Washington University receives $29.5 million to sequence corn genome
...s. The maize genome's 2.5 billion base pairs in 10 chromosomes make it nearly as long as the human genome, which has 2.9 billion base pairs in 23 chromosomes. When completed, maize will be the largest plant genome sequenced. Although smaller than the human genome, the maize genome is estimated to contain approxi...University of Arizona/BIO5 plant scientists to unravel maize genome
...mine the number of genes and their position on the chromosomes - the tiny bundles of DNA that form the storage units of genetic information. The grant further strengthens and expands Arizona's leading position in genomics research, which is considered a key ingredient in building a leading-edge bioindustry. Gen...Figuring out the ups and downsand sidewaysof neural development
...oepithelium. These spindles attach to the dividing chromosomes in the nucleus and drag the two copies apart, ensuring that each daughter cell has its fair share. In an article in the November 23, 2005, issue of Neuron, Mihaela igman and colleagues have pinpointed a key regulator of spindle orientation in mammals...