News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...A receptor trafficking. In both cases, there was a compensatory increase in membrane excitability as a result of increased amplitude of voltage-gated sodium currents. From Ribbon Synapses to Spike Trains Peter Heil, Heinrich Neubauer, Dexter R. F. Irvine, and Mel Brown This week, Heil et al. examined th...Assessing levies for by-catch could fund conservation measures
...t the benefits and costs of their approach, called compensatory mitigation. The fishery extends from Cape York, Qu...nvolved are held accountable]," said Donlan. While compensatory mitigation may not work for all seabirds or threatened species, there remain many species that face ...Chronically sleep deprived? You can't make up for lost sleep
...of sleep loss, the animals failed to generate this compensatory response and did not sleep any more deeply or any longer than they did under non-sleep deprived conditions (baseline measurements). At the end of the study, the animals were given three full days to sleep as much as they wanted. Amazingly, they recov...JCI Table of Contents -- July 2, 2007
...reduced CASQ2 expression, but also in a surprising compensatory elevation in both the calcium-binding protein calreticulin and RyR2, culminating in premature release of calcium from cardiac muscle cells, causing stress-induced arrhythmia. An accompanying commentary by Jonathan Lederer and colleagues from Univer...Promising protein may prevent eye damage in premature babies
...ls in the retina, prevent their loss and block the compensatory growth of new, aberrant vessels. Finding the right dose may enable babies to cope with the first phases of their life without becoming blind. Retinopathy of prematurity affects infants weighing less than 2.75 pounds who are born within the first 31...Joslin study indicates insulin receptors play a critical role in promoting islet growth
...re to grow more functional beta cells (also called compensatory islet cell growth response) leads to overt diabetes," said Rohit N. Kulkarni, M.D., Ph.D., Investigator at Joslin Diabetes Center and Assistant Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, who led the study. "If we can identify the key signaling ...JCI table of contents: January 2, 2007
..." TITLE: Glucokinase and IRS-2 are required for compensatory beta-cell hyperplasia in response to high-fat dietinduced insulin resistance AUTHOR CONTACT: Takashi Kadowaki University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Phone: +81-3-5800-8815; Fax: +81-3-5800-9797; E-mail: kadowaki-3im@h.u-tokyo.ac.jp . View the PDF of...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...iffered in some features, consistent with distinct compensatory changes. 3. Orientation Tuning in Macaque Somatosensory Cortex Pramodsingh H. Thakur, Paul J. Fitzgerald, John W. Lane, and Steven S. Hsiao Previous work has shown that many neurons in the second somatosensory (S2) cortical region show orien...Smokers who cut back on cigarettes may negate benefit through 'compensatory smoking'
...ensory aspects of smoking, also may play a role in compensatory smoking, Hatsukami says. "These results are cons...ng reduction was shown to be a strong predictor of compensatory smoking, with greater cigarette reduction associated with more compensation. Hatsukami says heavy s...Orexigen reports positive phase II results for Excalia Combination-Therapy to treat obesity
... 'plateau' by offsetting one of the body's natural compensatory pathways. These phase II data suggest a level of e...lia. Contrave was rationally designed to block the compensatory effect of beta-endorphin, a key component of the POMC pathway, a central nervous system pathway that...Mother birds give a nutritional leg up to chicks with unattractive fathers
... the researchers. "By depositing antioxidants in a compensatory manner, females can maximize the reproductive output from the current nesting effort." ...Why piglets shudder to keep warm
...d that if the living conditions once again change, compensatory mechanisms can be developed. The findings we present are fully consistent with the theory of evolution. An important trait can be lost if it is not absolutely necessary to life during the development of a species, says Leif Andersson. ...Newly discovered gene may hold clues to evolution of human brain capacity
...the 18 changes in the human HAR1 sequence involved compensatory changes that preserved the base pairing in this structure. "The HAR1 RNAs from both humans and chimps form stable structures, but there are significant differences," Salama said. "Our hypothesis is that these changes preserve the overall function ...Effects of nutrition on learning
... ultimately appearing normal as an adult. But such compensatory measures may come at a price, with cognitive or ot...lored the connection between early poor nutrition, compensatory growth, and learning ability in adulthood. To circumvent the confounding variables inherent in human...Heavy horseriders they're a pain in the back!
... "We consider the changes in limb movement to be a compensatory mechanism for the changed back-position", says de Cocq. "If causes of back pain are known, preventive measures can be taken. The techniques used in this study can be used to compare the comfort for the horse of different saddle designs, which may th...Researchers uncover remarkable developmental pathway
...vels, ADMP levels would rise, and vice versa. Such compensatory ability is a key to self-regulation in the embryo, said De Robertis. To their surprise, however, when they inhibited the activity of all the relevant regulators -- BMP2, 4 and 7, and ADMP -- the entire surface of the embryo became neural tissue. "Thi...A Jekyll-and-Hyde enzyme's role in Alzheimer's
...compensate for the damage from such diseases. This compensatory mechanism may also function in normal aging, they ...genesis of AD, which manifests over several years, compensatory mechanisms that initially enhance neuroplasticity eventually become maladaptive when chronically act...Lost neurons affect energy balance
...ores return to prefasting levels--a process called compensatory hyperphagia. But mice without Pomc neurons showed reduced compensatory hyperphagia despite overeating under normal conditions. Since aging humans also fail to increase the...An insecure role for Securin in chromosome segregation
...n mitoses, but that in its absence, cells tap into compensatory mechanisms to restore proper chromosome segregation. The implications for cancer treatment are potentially great, as mathematical models of cancer growth do not usually include the possibility that cell populations might recover from chromosomal ins...... feeding behavior though some other mechanism. The compensatory mechanism persists, as animals treated with diphtheria toxin early in life and then again as adults continued to eat normally. "Killing these neurons before they're functionally engaged gives the developing mouse brain a way to compensate," Palmiter...