CO2 sensing proves critical for fungal pathogens to adapt to life in air and human hosts
...capsule is key. In the bodies of mammals, the CO2 concentration is more than 150-fold higher (5%) than it is in atmospheric air (0.033%). Consequently, C. albicans and C. neoformans are exposed to dramatically elevated CO2 concentrations when causing systemic disease. In their research, the authors identify CO2 a...UF, Columbia scientists closer to new cancer detection method
...en when the cancer biomarkers are in extremely low concentration we have been able to detect them," said Weihong Tan, Ph.D., a UF Research Foundation professor of chemistry in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences and a member of the UF Genetics Institute, the UF Shands Cancer Center and the McKnight Brain Inst...A salty tale: New bacterial genome sequenced from ancient salterns
...roteins. To survive, S. ruber must maintain a high concentration of potassium inside its cytoplasm, keeping an osmotic balance against the high sodium chloride concentration outside. That's where evolutionary strategy comes in. Analyzing the bacterium's genome, researchers...New biomimetic process used to grow artificial bone for better implants and prosthetics
...s the comparative results of the effect of the SBF concentration on the apatite formation between titanium and cobalt alloys. They found the process to be more effective on the titanium alloys than results for cobalt alloy samples at all SBF concentrations. The researchers also found higher SBF concentrations resu...Molecule links Down syndrome to Alzheimer's
...lts with Down syndrome have a significantly higher concentration of myo-inositol in the hippocampal region of their...rying out more studies to see if we can reduce the concentration of myo-inositol in the brains of people with Down's. We hope that if we can do this, it will be a ne...A Jekyll-and-Hyde enzyme's role in Alzheimer's
...rs would further increase p25 levels to a critical concentration that ultimately contributes to neuronal loss. "Taken together these data suggest that p25 production in vivo is not detrimental per se but can lead to neuronal cell death when p25 levels are chronically high," concluded Tsai and colleagues. "In summa...ORNL-led study shows forests thrive with increased CO2 levels
...tiple years to an atmosphere with a carbon dioxide concentration predicted to occur in the middle of this century. ...e in productivity is insufficient to stabilize the concentration in the atmosphere," he said. "The increase in productivity demonstrated in these experiments will mo...Pretreating rogue cancer cells with aspirin cripples their resistance to targeted therapy
...cell surface. Numerous studies suggest that a high concentration of the HER-2/neu protein on the surface of cancer cells makes them more aggressive and difficult to treat. In this study, Dr. Lee and coworkers demonstrated that the combination of aspirin and TRAIL undercuts the effects of HER-2/neu overexpression. ...Bone quality regulator identified, suggests drug target
...atrix was more elastic, harder, had higher mineral concentration and the bone overall had increased mass. In addition, the bones were more resistant to fracture in the bending test. The bones studied included the femur, tibia and calvarial parietal bones. "This is the first evidence that properties of bone matri...Microbes under Greenland Ice may be preview of what scientists find under Mars' surface
...n thrown up from deep underground. "Detecting this concentration of microbes is within the ability of state-of-the-...a place where Mars orbiters have found the methane concentration highest," Price said. "There are oodles of craters on Mars from meteorites and small asteroids colli...A spoonful of sugar makes some kids feel good
...ss than the adults, selecting a favorite sweetness concentration equivalent to adding 11 teaspoons of sugar to an 8-ounce glass of water. For comparison, an 8-ounce serving of soda contains approximately 6 teaspoons of sugar. There were individual differences across both age groups, with approximately half of the...Surprising killer of southeastern salt marshes: Common sea snails
...yed periwinkle populations. They found the largest concentration of snails as many as 2,000 per square meter along dead-zone borders. To test the idea that the snails contribute to cordgrass death, they created dozens of deterrents wire mesh enclosures measuring about one meter square. Enclosures were placed ah...New UNC experiments show very weak chlorine solutions can kill noroviruses
.... The viruses dropped 99.99 percent. "Even a lower concentration of 20 milligrams per liter of hypochlorous acid reduced the viruses by 99.9 percent in five minutes," he said. "Our results show that environmental surfaces can be readily decontaminated of noroviruses with dilute hypochlorous acid, which is the acti...Patient outcomes linked to biomarker levels by quantitative technology
...rent pathology methods of biomarker detection, the concentration of antibodies used dramatically alters the apparen...g-term survival data. "We found that the antibody concentration chosen by pathologists can dramatically affect and even reverse the apparent relationships between b...Also in the December 21 Journal of the National Cancer Institute
... issues that surface when studying biomarkers. The concentration of biomarker antibodies, antibodies against protei...east cancer patients. When the authors used a high concentration of antibodies and an optimal range of data, low expression of HER2 and p53 proteins was associated w...Study finds significant independent association between air pollution and cardiovascular risk
...d that in a mouse model, long-term exposure to low concentration of PM(2.5) altered vasomotor tone, induced vascular inflammation, and potentiated atherosclerosis. You can read the full study in the December 21, 2005 issue of JAMA....Searchers key in on ivory-billed woodpecker habitat
...ed woodpeckers per square kilometer -- the highest concentration ever recorded of these smaller black-and-white and colored birds that people often mistake for the ivory-billed woodpecker. The White River NWR also has shown promising signs of the woodpecker. Last year's recordings from autonomous recording units,...VCU Massey Cancer Center researchers identify a new class of anti-cancer drugs based on platinum
...m drug in killing cells is directly related to its concentration inside the cell." DNA-damaging agents, such as cisplatin, are among the most effective classes of compounds in clinical use for the treatment of cancer. The principal function of cisplatin is to bind to DNA. Platinum drugs are the largest class of a...Chemical signaling helps regulate sensory map formation in the brain
...ggested that chemical signals, probably present in concentration gradients, serve as positional landmarks within the brain. Theses landmarks are then recognized by growth cones at the tip of axons the projections that grow out from the retinal neurons and into the brain. The wandering axons use these signals to l......lt-in GPS modem to a remote computer. Based on the concentration of various chemicals, the system is able to determine whether the methane gases or odours have reached an unacceptable level. The air is then filtered before being expelled back into the atmosphere. Professor Krishna Persaud, who has developed the de...