Heat Exchanger Fouling and Cleaning -- VII
...ting from fouling has a direct link to excess fuel consumption in the process. In addition to the appropriate selection of operating conditions and exchanger geometry, there are numerous chemical and mechanical methods to mitigate fouling and to remove deposits from the heat transfer surfaces. However, all meth...West Australian women: Drinking before, and during, pregnancy
...mation as it relates to the measurement of alcohol consumption during the periconceptional period of pregnancy," ...ell as more about the relationship between alcohol consumption during the periconceptional period and unplanned pregnancy. This information is important for women...Like salty food? Chances are you had low blood sodium when you were born
...s concluded that: reported dietary sodium consumption in childhood (ages 8-15) was predicted by neonatal lowest serum sodium (NLS) and not by neonatal diuretic treatment, as they originally proposed. NLS predicted dietary sodium intake in both ethnic groups and both boys and girls. the 14 chi...Researchers warn milk eliminates cardiovascular health benefits of tea
... against cardiovascular diseases. As worldwide tea consumption is second only to that of water, its beneficial ef...ial that we re-examine the association between tea consumption and cancer protection, to see if that is the case." Said Dr Lorenz: "It is important to bear in min...The G allele of the mu-opioid receptor gene is linked to craving for alcohol
... The study of genes and their influence on alcohol consumption can operate on many different levels. Some studies examine how genes may interact with the environment, some look specifically at family history of alcohol dependence, and some zero in on "pieces" of genes and their influence on drinking. A new stu...Hotspots of mercury contamination identified in eastern North America
...ls of methylmercury in some wildlife species. Fish consumption advisories responding to mercury contamination exist in all the states and provinces included in the study, and loons are adversely affected by mercury levels they experience. The hotspots have implications for "cap and trade" approaches being implem...Other highlights in the January 3 JNCI
...ease in breast cancer risk associated with alcohol consumption can be reduced by adequate folate intake. Susanna ...sk of breast cancer in women with moderate or high consumption of alcohol. "There was evidence from prospective studies that adequate folate intake may attenuat...JCI table of contents: January 2, 2007
...rs on the surface of these cell subsets; and (iii) consumption of a high-fat diet causes a subset of macrophages not normally present in fatty tissue under normal dietary conditions to travel there and to behave differently. In the first study, Mikael Pittet and colleagues from Massachusetts General Hospital d...High levels of vitamin D in the body may decrease the risk of multiple sclerosis
...levels can be increased with exposure to sunlight, consumption of foods rich in vitamin D, such as fatty fish, and by taking supplements. The researchers, led by Ascherio, worked in collaboration with colleagues in the U.S. Army and Navy to determine whether vitamin D levels measured in healthy young adults pr...Climate change has surprising effect on endangered naked carp
...ater river system to lake water, the carps' oxygen consumption falls --eventually reaching just 60 percent of tha...ic, relying on protein breakdown and higher oxygen consumption to generate energy. "The MO2 [oxygen consumption] data indicate that the cost of living for the n...New clean-up project builds upon success gained in field
...which is equal to about four times the daily water consumption in the United States. In all, there are about 40 million cubic meters of contaminated soil, or enough dirt to fill approximately 17 professional sports stadiums. The Y-12 site contains uranium, technetium, nitrate and other contaminants from the wea...Alcohol and health: Those 2 glasses a day that lengthen your life
...ly) con-firms the beneficial effects that moderate consumption of alcohol has on our health. But this time it is ...The Italian research also con-firms that excessive consumption of alcohol is absolutely harmful, and the risk of death for those who drink in excess does not decre...Smokers who cut back on cigarettes may negate benefit through 'compensatory smoking'
...y showed that a reduction of 62 percent in tobacco consumption was associated with only a 27 percent reduction in lung cancer risk....Mixed prairie grasses are better biofuel source, U of M study says
...ioenergy to replace 13 percent of global petroleum consumption and 19 percent of global electricity consumption. The practice of using degraded land to grow mixed prairie grasses for biofuels could provide stable production of energy and have additional benefits, such as renewed soil fertility, cleaner ground a...Global warming is reducing ocean life, increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide, say scientists
...hytoplankton is that our atmosphere depends on the consumption of atmospheric carbon dioxide by these plants. Reduced phytoplankton means less carbon dioxide is taken up by the ocean, which could speed global warming, contributing to a vicious cycle of increased warming. Rising levels of carbon dioxide in the...Highlights from the December 2006 Journal of the American Dietetic Association
... at Pennsylvania State University. With national consumption of sweetened beverages such as soda increasing by more than 100 percent since the late 1970s, paralleling increases in weight among both adults and children in that time, the researchers were examining whether portion sizes of drinks have an effect o...Prenatal alcohol exposure appears to increase an infant's stress response
... study. "We found that greater maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy predicted greater cortisol, autonomic, and emotional responses to social challenge in young infants," said Haley. "Importantly, this was true for infants of mothers who continued to drink after pregnancy recognition as well as for m...A human taste for rarity spells disaster for endangered species
...n mitigate the damage of trophy hunting and luxury consumption if society stigmatized activities responsible for driving a species to extinction and people could no longer take pride in displaying such "treasures." But for those who prize rarity above all else, only strengthened regulations and interventions wil...Spike in testicular cancer is focus
...ime occupational history, tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and dietary information. Recent studies show that environmental exposures may affect development of testicular cancer, said Zheng. Determining risk factors that lead to testicular cancer, however is complicated because genetic susceptibility may mod...Got cotton? Texas researchers' discovery could yield protein to feed millions
...tract gossypol, making the oil available for human consumption but at great expense, he said. Plus, the meal that is left after the oil is removed still contains the gossypol and thus is not edible for humans, or for pigs, chickens or turkeys. Plants with the new trait developed by the team could make the plan...