News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...l. used subdural grid electrodes over sensorimotor cortex to examine electrocorticographic (ECoG) signals associated with motor movements. Their subjects were patients awaiting epilepsy surgery who had intracranial electrode arrays in place to assist seizure localization. Voluntary movements of the tongue,...Prefrontal cortex loses neurons during adolescence
...and females lose neurons in the ventral prefrontal cortex between adolescence and adulthood, with females lo...trate that the number of neurons in the prefrontal cortex decreases during adolescence. It is also the first to document sex differences in the number of neur...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...ained animals, standard tuning properties of motor cortex neurons were present. Neurons were tuned to multiple movement parameters. The total variance in neuronal activity reflected hand speed (1%), hand direction (8%), complex directional tuning (13%), final hand position (22%), and final arm posture (36%)...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...layer 5 pyramidal neurons of rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in vitro . Using a fluctuating stimulus during voltage recording, the authors simulated input from a population of neurons and measured the mean firing rate response from single neurons. The mPFC neurons displayed a sigmoidal increase in firi...Moral judgment fails without feelings
...any. Six had damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC), a small region behind the forehead, while 12 had brain damage elsewhere, and another 12 had no damage. The subjects with VMPC damage stood out in their stated willingness to harm an individual a prospect that usually generates strong avers......tivity of neurons in the brain region known as the cortex in anaesthetized rats and analyzed the data, they found no difference in the number of patterns produced or the time it takes for various patterns to repeat themselves, compared with data that was randomized. They therefore concluded that the pattern...First impressions: Computer model behaves like humans on visual categorization task
...ive anatomical and physiological data about visual cortex and tries to simulate what happens in the first 10...e highest purely visual region, the inferotemporal cortex (IT), and on to higher areas such as prefrontal cortex (PFC) where object categorization is represen...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...ors recorded responses in single neurons in barrel cortex after deflection of contralateral whiskers. Mice d... looked for a direct link between inferior frontal cortex (IFC) and subthalamic nucleus (STN) in human subjects using diffusion-weighted imaging tractography,...UT Metroplex institutions to collaborate on biomedical research
...esonance spectroscopy. "The role of prefrontal cortex and amygdala in self-harming behavior among depressed youth" Dr. John Hart, medical science director, Center for BrainHealth at UT Dallas, and Dr. Rongrong Tao, assistant professor of psychiatry at UT Southwestern. This project explores the neurobio...MIT model helps researchers 'see' brain development
...he central sulcus, a fold that separates the motor cortex from the somatosensory cortex. Yu applied a technique developed by Fischl to perform this alignment. The second step involves modeling the folds of the brain mathematically in a way that allows the researchers to analyze their changes over time an...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...e somatosensory cortex. Up states generated in the cortex consist of 515 depolarizations lasting about 1 s a...wever, cutting of connections between thalamus and cortex reduced spontaneous Up states, indicating that thalamic input facilitates Up state activity. Likewis...Brain networks strengthened by closing ion channels
...robiology professor at Yale. The brains prefrontal cortex (PFC) normally is responsible for so-called executive functions. The ability of the PFC to maintain such memory-based functions declines with normal aging, is weakened in people with ADHD, and is severely disrupted in disorders such as schizophrenia ...Class of PCB's causes developmental abnormalities in rat pups
..." in response to sound. The capacity of the brains cortex to change in response to stimuli contributes to th...ding language impairments and autism, the auditory cortex responds abnormally to sound. Some scientists believe this is the basis of the conditions. While t...Cortex area thinner in youth with Alzheimer's-related gene
...n much aging-related tissue loss in the entorhinal cortex before they cross a critical threshold," explained...mmon version (65-85% prevalence), had intermediate cortex thickness. Those with one or two copies of ApoE4 had the thinnest entorhinal cortex. ApoE4 gene t...New understanding of schizophrenia could lead to new treatment approaches
...idence suggests that myelination of the prefrontal cortex (a brain area that has been implicated in schizophrenia) occurs not only during infancy and toddlerhood, but also during late adolescence or early adulthood just when schizophrenia strikes. "We now need to go back to patients with schizophrenia a...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...in primary somatosensory cortex/posterior parietal cortex (SI/PPC), secondary somatosensory cortex (SII), and anterior insular cortex (aIC). Memory trials, however, evoked activity in SI/ PPC and aIC...Food cue-related brain activity linked to obesity?
...ample, increased connectivity was seen between the cortex and two other regions - the amygdala and the striatum. Within the latter, there was a shift in activity from the outer shell to the inner core of the nucleus accumbens and an increased expression of the opioid-encoding proenkephalin gene. Taken to...Statin treatment improves spatial memory in mouse models of Alzheimer's
...s were significantly higher in the hippocampus and cortex of statin treated groups as compared to similar mice that did not receive statin. Furthermore, the levels of nNOS proteins were statistically higher in the hippocampus of the statin treated animals than in the cortex. nNOS is responsible for the rel......eractions between the mitotic spindle and the cell cortex are crucial for asymmetric division. Soon after ...now yet. One possibility could be that part of the cortex holds on to the microtubule while it shortens, and so pulls on the whole spindle." The nature of s......mission is compromised. Neurons in the cerebral cortex of the brain can have a wiring density of up to 4km per mm3 by using incredibly thin axons as wires, with an average diameter of 0.3 micrometers (1m is one millionth of a meter). Although, as in computer chips, this miniaturization economizes on spac...