Genes linked to daily flux in drug toxicity
... differences in many genes known to be involved in defense against chemical compounds and oxidative stress--an indication that the circadian transcription factors normally control the activity of those other detoxifying genes. Without the normal complement of detox genes, the mice showed evidence of liver ...Potato blight pathogenicity explained by genome plasticity
...de for an effector a small protein that elicits a defense response in plants," adds Govers. "Effectors are quite common in fungal and bacterial plant pathogens, including Phytophthora . But in our case, the gene appears to produce a large regulatory protein that exerts its effect by regulating the expres...How plants avoid feeling the burn
...tans," plants have developed an intricate internal defense mechanism, called photoprotection, which acts like sunscreen to ward off the sun's harmful rays. "We knew that biomolecules called carotenoids participate in this process of photoprotection, but the question has been, how does this work?" said Iris V...Global atmospheric carbon level may depend primarily on southernmost ocean
...could make the region one of the planet's lines of defense against rising greenhouse gas levels. These and other effects the Southern Ocean has on the Earth are not themselves new to science, but distinctions between one effect and another have been difficult to draw. "The new paper shows that carbon dioxide...UCI researcher named Pew Scholar
... nature, from making flowers colorful to acting as defense mechanisms for microorganisms. Polyketides include many top-selling pharmaceuticals with annual sales of $30 billion. PKSs can produce overnight kilograms of these polyketide drugs, such as antibiotics, essentially turning the bacteria into a drug-ma...Study identifies new tumor suppressor
...ung cancer. HLJ1 is a protein involved in a cell's defense mechanism against outside stress. The authors observed that HLJ1 stopped proliferation of lung cancer cells, slowed the cell division cycle's progression, and inhibited the cells' ability to move and invade other tissues. In addition, HLJ1 expressio...JCI Table of Contents, June 15 2006
...he presence of microbes, is sufficient to activate defense mechanisms in the skin that can prevent microbial growth and related harmful skin infections. TITLE: Injury-induced innate immune response in human skin is mediated by transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor AUTHOR CONTACT: Ole E. Sor...Mosquito immune system examined
...that mosquitoes have not evolved a highly-specific defense against malaria parasites. Instead, they employ factors of their antimicrobial defense system to combat the Plasmodium parasite," said George Dimopoulos, Ph.D., senior author of the study...Mice lacking key immune component still control chronic viral infections
...mones known as cytokines that trigger other immune defense measures. Because the genetically modified mice used in their experiment lacked the genes that contain instructions for making MHC Class I molecules, Virgin and his colleagues expected to see little response from CD8 T cells when they injected the m...Parasitic worms used to fight bowel disease
...but that worm parasites mount an anti-inflammatory defense that modulates it," said Mansfield, a professor of large animal clinical sciences. "The greater the immune response, the greater the anti-inflammatory effect. "It's possible that the human immune system developed in a way that is dependent on parasit...New study reveals components of cocoa may enhance the appearance of the skin
...ess and scaling, and helping to support the skin's defense against UV damage. The German scientists attribute...mption of cocoa flavanols may support human skin's defense against UV light. Study participants exhibited a reduction in the redness of skin following exposur...Whale bubble nets, saxophone sounds, ultrasonic laser
...system can also work as a surveillance vehicle for defense and homeland security. As an example, while measuring the properties of the Nantucket Sound ocean floor, the system was also able to track the movements of the Nantucket Ferry as it cruised back and forth between Nantucket and Cape Cod. This capabi...Genetic variants and breast cancer risk, genetics and suicidal behavior, and more
...ng its nations, and heavy governmental spending on defense has diverted resources away from investing in health and education," says Rana Jawad Asghar (US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Forty percent of people in South Asia live on less than one dollar per day, he says, half of all children bel...White blood cells from cancer-resistant mice cure cancers in ordinary mice
...ne system." This system forms a first line of host defense against pathogens, such as bacteria. "Their activation requires no prior exposure, but rather depends on a pre-determined mechanism to recognize specific patterns on the cancer cell surface," the researchers said. Moreover, preliminary studies show ...Interfering RNA silences genes in 'slippery' immune cells
...nother gene product. The body often uses RNAi as a defense against the action of hostile viruses. Over the past few years, biomedical researchers have been investigating how they might eventually harness RNAi in new medicines. Another line of research uses RNAi as a research tool, investigating the functions...Cutting calories slightly can reduce aging damage
... associate. "To avoid disease, we can increase our defense and look for aging biomarkers and then test interventions," Hofer said. "It is better to protect what is there to improve the quality of life than to have to resort to invasive procedures." In the study, which followed the rats over their lifespan, o...Targeted virus compels cancer cells to eat themselves
...cess of programmed cell death. A normal biological defense mechanism that systematically kills defective cells, apoptosis is suppressed or dysfunctional in cancer cells. Many cancer therapies focus on restoring or enhancing apoptosis to combat the disease. ''We believe that autophagy, but not apoptosis, med...Vaccine combined with short-term postexposure antibiotics protects monkeys from inhalational anthrax
...ibiotic treatment could be crucial to a successful defense against a large-scale anthrax attack. In the study, two groups of rhesus macaques were exposed to very high amounts of anthrax spores by aerosol. Both groups were then given ciprofloxacin twice daily for 14 days, beginning one to two hours after ex...Patent awarded for LSUHSC-developed peptide that blocks lethal toxins of anthrax
...nfection, but also add to our country's bioweapons defense arsenal."......decade it's been known that people's first line of defense against infection is a group of receptors known as...tokines that trigger other immune cells to mount a defense against the infection. People have 10 different kinds of TLRs, and Levy's team decided to examine ho...