Biologists visualize protein interaction that may initiate viral infection
...cells, which are usually one of the first lines of defense in the immune system," Kuhn said. "The first step in a virus infecting a cell is usually the attachment of the virus to the receptor. That's essentially what we are looking at, except in this case, instead of having the receptor, which is normally bo...JCI table of contents, February 9, 2006
...resistant T cells in female mice with lupus Proper defense of the body against germs requires the actions of specialized cells of the immune system, known as T cells. Activated T cells must eventually be silenced, or autoimmune diseases such as lupus can result. Researcher Alessandra Pernis and colleagues at...Environmental impact statement planned for USAMRIID facilities at Fort Detrick
...capabilities to support government-wide biological defense efforts by acting as the DoD's lead laboratory for the testing and evaluation of medical biological defense products. Environmental analyses of the Proposed Action and alternatives will evaluate land use, cli...Gene thwarts some pathogens, gives access to others, could save crops
...lps plants recognize pathogens and also triggers a defense against disease. The gene and its defense mechanisms are similar to an immunity pathway found in people and in the laboratory research insect,...Global effort needed to anticipate and prevent potential misuse of advances in life sciences
...the life sciences to create a global public health defense that is agile and flexible." An independent advisory body should be established to analyze and forecast the fast-changing science and technology landscape in partnership with U.S. intelligence officials and government leaders -- helping them to stay......f an RNAi-based mechanism, earlier considered as a defense system against retrotransposon and virus expansion, in telomere maintenance," explains Prof. V. Gvozdev. Dr. Kalmykova, first author on the paper, also points out that "We suggest that RNAi-mediated regulation of telomere dynamics in the germline may...Source of crucial immune cell in the skin discovered
...lls in the skin that are part of the first line of defense against invading pathogens. The study will appear on Nature Immunology's website this week and will be published in a future issue. A tight network of cells covering the entire body is formed in the skin by a group of cells known as Langerhans cells....Vaccine provides 100 percent protection against avian flu virus in animal study
...recombinant vaccine can stimulate several lines of defense against the H5N1 virus, giving it greater therapeutic value. More importantly, it suggests that even if H5N1 mutates, the vaccine is still likely to be effective against it. How effective, we are not sure," Dr. Barratt-Boyes cautioned. "We won't know...Pair of studies offer new clues to combat antibiotic resistance
...istance, two new studies shed light on the complex defense mechanisms pathogenic bacteria use to evade antibiotic attack, an understanding of which could lead to new, more effective antibiotics to help save lives and combat the growing problem of antibiotic resistance. The studies, both of which target chemi...Work on microbes earns honors for two dental researchers
...en foods, juices, and other foods can muck up this defense mechanism, helping to prevent cavities by mimicking the cavity-preventing action of fluoride. Marquis, who has been on the University faculty since 1963, also has discovered a new way to kill bacterial spores, a method now used in the canning industr...A clue from macaques yields evidence for impaired retroviral defense genes in humans
...unction of a recently discovered arm of the body's defense against invading retroviruses such as HIV. One of...s may have allowed impaired versions of retroviral defense genes--such as the hobbled version of TRIM5--to arise and thrive. As a consequence, the abundance of...Immune substances may help antibody-based drugs fight cancer
...east tumors. NK cells are the body's first line of defense against many infections, and they also attack tumor cells. NK cells rush into action when they encounter bacteria or other foreign agents in the body that are coated with antibodies, large proteins released by immune cells in response to the presenc...Infectious agent thwarts typical defense mechanisms; Sheds light on immune system function
... in humans slips through the immune system's usual defense mechanisms. The bacterium at fault, Francisella tularensis, causes the disease tularemia. Also known as rabbit fever, tularemia is fatal in less than 1 percent of treated cases and in about 5 percent of untreated cases. It is a rare disease with only...Plant defenses prompt bacterial countermeasure in the form of 'island' DNA excision
...that its presence has been detected by the plant's defense system. Excising this so-called "genomic island" eliminates production of the bacterial protein detected by the plant and allows a more stealthy and successful invasion. The reason the strategy can be successful is that the plant has evolved to rec...Hearing loss from chemotherapy underestimated
... studies methods for breaching the brain's natural defense system to deliver chemotherapy compounds to tumors, has shown that sodium thiosulfate (STS) decreased hearing loss in patients with malignant brain tumors who were treated with carboplatin chemotherapy, which is given with the blood-brain barrier dis...Medical College of Wisconsin researchers
...ording to Dr. Whelan, "This will revolutionize our defense againstgerm warfare, as well as the treatment of infectious diseases in ourpopulation, as a whole. It is possible to include agents which inhibitmolecular events leading to septic shock, as well. This new technologyconfers broad spectrum, short term...Gladstone researchers identify new drug target for Alzheimer's disease
...hurt neurons, depending on which of their powerful defense or attack pathways are activated. The investigators found that amyloid beta triggers a pathway in microglia that makes them attack neurons with poisonous chemicals. A key mediator in this pathway is a protein called NF-kB, which resveratrol happens t...New antibody shows promise as cure for anthrax
...d Immunology at SFBR, adds, "A concern to national defense is that terrorists might design a strain of anthrax that is resistant to antibiotics, but this antitoxin could eliminate those concerns by providing an effective treatment that doesn't require antibiotics." Anthrax infection is successfully treatable...AKT cancer cell pathway demonstrates unexpected function
... providing the body's immune system with a line of defense against infection.) "Our new findings suggest that it is an NFAT-dependent mechanism that is allowing AKT to block cancer cell motility and subsequent invasion," explains Toker. "Earlier animal studies have shown that although tumors are more likely ...Fruit fly research set to revolutionize study of birth defects
... cycle regulation, signal transduction, transport, defense response, transcription, or various aspects of metabolism. "This study shows that MTX treatment has multiple targets," says Affleck. "And this provides us with a novel invertebrate model for the study of drugs that cause birth defects." The findings...