Sleeping, waking, ... and glucose homeostasis
... the mutants on a high-fat diet. Thus, the authors demonstrated that circadian control of blood glucose levels is due directly to the presence of these transcriptional factors rather than due to some other behavioral effect that ablation of the hypothalamus might have caused. It's possible, therefore, that beside...Scientists raise concerns about second wave of 'mad cow' prion infection
...ond case of transfusion-transmitted vCJD in the UK demonstrated that two human genotypes are susceptible to the infectious prion, rather than one, as had been previously reported. According to Dr. Eglin, this extends the number of people at risk from 40 to 90 percent of the UK population. Since people can incub...Other highlights in the November 3 JNCI
..., of the National Cancer Institute, and colleagues demonstrated in 30 cancer patients that the speed at which the ... Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, and colleagues demonstrated in a mouse model that mesenchymal stem cells, which are derived from bone marrow cells, could be use...Growth factors confer immortality to sperm-generating stem cells
...cable to other species, including humans. "We've demonstrated that a central signaling process allows spermatago...ile mice. These mice then produced offspring that demonstrated the success of the culture system, thanks to the expression of the GFP gene that made the mice glow ...For yeast, a DNA break ensures sex switch for a grandchild
...l switching in yeast. The French group has now demonstrated that the genomic DNA at the mating-type locus of the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is marked by a simple break on one strand of the DNA. One of the daughter cells will receive this nicked DNA upon cell division, and the nick serves as a signal for ...Molecular switch provides clues to remarkable adaptability of human pathogen
...y and Molecular Genetics at Harvard Medical School demonstrated that a P. aeruginosa gene product, called RetS, ac...ses required for acute infection. The researchers demonstrated that mice develop pneumonia after exposure to normal P. aeruginosa but are resistant to infection wi...New source for heart bypass replacement blood vessels: Fibrin-based TEVs
...hers wrote, fibrin-based "TEVs remained patent and demonstrated blood flow comparable with that of the control (natural, non-operated) jugular vein, suggesting that fibrin based blood vessels may provide a promising therapeutic modality and a good model system to study vascular development." Next steps Accordi...New Royal Society journal studies
...f severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003 demonstrated the need to determine control strategies for new and emerging infections, but the design of these strategies is hampered by the obvious lack of data. A new model, based on work first published in 1927 is described. The model is parameterized by the p...US DHS sponsored evaluation confirms superior performance of Response Biomedical's RAMP anthrax test
...U.S. Army Dugway Proving Grounds in Utah, RAMP was demonstrated to reliably detect Bacillus anthracis isolates rep...hysical variants. The specificity of RAMP was also demonstrated in evaluations to confirm that it would not cross react with non-Bacillus anthracis bacteria. To ju...Global warming: Informal networking is the key to a swift response
...en more quickly in emergencies. One case study demonstrated the enhanced understanding and effectiveness of a government scientific adviser who spent his spare time working for voluntary conservation groups and had a better understanding of local problems as a result. "The so-called 'shadow system' prov...Tropical birds sensitive to environmental cues that can be impacted by global warming
...sonal changes in the song-control system have been demonstrated by other scientists in all northern latitude species that have been investigated. But no one had researched whether seasonal changes occurred in the brains of birds in tropical areas where day-length changes are minimal. "We think it's probably still...New gene therapy promising for treating Fabry disease
...f Sciences of the U.S.A., Medin and his colleagues demonstrated that an engineered lentiviral vector a type of retrovirus administered a day or two after birth can correct the defect long term in Fabry mice, ensuring they produce the appropriate enzyme at relevant levels. Further testing will be required before...GlaxoSmithKline awards $250,000 in research grants for research on drug therapies for HIV/AIDS
... steps of the viral entry process. "We have demonstrated in our laboratory that a 'bi-active' protein may be effective at blocking the first two entry steps, whereas a second protein appears to block the third," Dr. Huang said. "The goal is to combine the inhibitors into a single, tri-active protein capabl...November nutrition news from the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts
...macular degeneration. Tufts researchers have also demonstrated that stresses caused by free radicals, molecules which attack ubiquitin and other proteins in the eye, wipe out the benefit-giving ubiquitin pathway. Free radicals are thought to be a fundamental cause of many degenerative diseases and the aging proc...JCI table of contents, November 15 2004
...y of individuals to T2DM as we age. The study also demonstrated that PGC-1alpha and PGC-1beta were found to each i... shaped that previously proposed. The authors also demonstrated a crucial role for the protein nephrin, expressed by the podocytes and localized in the area of the...Aging affects susceptibility to type 2 diabetes
...y of individuals to T2DM as we age. The study also demonstrated that PGC-1alpha and PGC-1beta were found to each influence different aspects of glucose metabolism, lending insights into the complex interaction between genetic and environmental influences such as age on the development of insulin resistance and T2...Rare immunodeficiency provides new insight into immune system function
...ch using genetically engineered mice that lack SAP demonstrated that T helper cells in these animals exhibit reduced cytokine production. Dr. Pamela L. Schwartzberg from the National Human Genome Research Institute and colleagues used SAP-deficient T cells to investigate specific aspects of the T cell signaling c...Army-funded effort examines androgen's role in bone loss
...nt material properties. The study also demonstrated that androgen receptors are important to the development of the sexually distinct skeletons of men and women. "There are receptors everywhere, but these mice demonstrate proof of concept that the androgen receptor in bone is responsibl......ly to regulate wood development. Chengsong Zhao demonstrated that one of the identified wood transcription factors showed potential as a regulator of xylem development. Xylem is the wood-forming tissue in plants. "By further manipulating this gene and others we have identified as potential regulators of......ndrew Levy of the Faculty of Medicine, had earlier demonstrated that diabetics with a particular form of a blood p...f diabetic patients," he said. Dr. Levy had demonstrated in multiple previous studies that haptoglobin 2-2 is predictive of heart disease -- but only in peop...