Which came first, the moth or the cactus?
...esert, where both species thrive. Holland's models differ from traditional theory, suggesting that one mutualist may exert some control over the other's population increases, such that neither unbounded growth nor overexploitation ensue. "I have always been interested in the community ecology of mutualism...Disabling a sensory organ prompts female mice to act like male mice
...uses of sexually dimorphic behaviors -- those that differ between the sexes. The new findings promise to redirect that quest. "From a developmental standpoint, the finding is very satisfactory," said Catherine Dulac, an HHMI investigator at Harvard University professor of molecular and cellular biology wh...Discredited Korean embryonic stem cells' true origins revealed
...ctually identical, but have places where the genes differ between members of the pair (called heterozygosity). In embryonic stem cells of parthenogenetic origin, this occurs especially toward the ends of the chromosomes, which are more likely to exchange genetic material, rather than the middle. In contrast...Progesterone therapy and preterm birth: More evidence helps identify women who can benefit
... Dr. Katz noted that pathways to preterm birth may differ substantially between singleton and twin gestations. For example, progesterone may be more effective against some pathway that does not involve the uterine over-distention seen in twin pregnancy. We need more research into the underlying causes of...Reading a face is tricky business
...xiety. Microexpressions that people make may differ from voluntary expressions of emotion. But in either case, fear can be signaled by contraction of muscles that raise the inner brow, the outer brow, the upper lid, plus stretching the lips, parting the lips and dropping the jaw. The ability to de...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...(SN, A9) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA, A10) differ in their vulnerability to cell death in Parkinsons disease (PD). Chung et al. show this week that G-substrate, an endogenous inhibitor of the serine/threonine phosphatases PP2A and PP1, may confer protection to A10 neurons. G-substrate got its name b......te nitrogen (sometimes used in fertilizer) did not differ by width, flow path or vegetation type. Results from the study are published in the July-August 2007 issue of the Journal of Environmental Quality. The study suggested that buffer width is important for managing nitrogen in watersheds. Other factor...Strains of laboratory mice more varied than previously thought
...hey were previously assumed to be. It appears they differ from each other to a far greater degree than do the pedigrees between humans and chimpanzees. The research, published online July 29 in the journal Nature Genetics and slated for the September print issue, could have major implications for the int...Monell researchers find metabolic defect in liver that can lead to obesity
...y, Friedman and lead author Hong Ji used rats that differ in their genetic predisposition to gain weight and become obese when fed a high-fat diet. The closely-related strains weigh the same and eat the same amount of calories when fed a low-fat diet. However, when switched to a high-fat diet, the strai...Steroids, not songs, spur growth of brain regions in sparrows
...nd the volume of the song production areas did not differ between the deafened and the hearing sparrows. Even though the deafened birds sang considerably less often, there was no degradation in the structure of their songs, according to Brenowitz. Another major finding of the study is that seasonal growth...Genomic analysis uncovers new targets for HIV vaccine
...her greatly increase our knowledge of why patients differ in how well they can control the virus that causes AIDS. These findings represent only the first of what investigators said will be a series of future genome-wide studies to pinpoint additional targets for HIV vaccines. In the new analysis, patien...Sour taste make you pucker? It may be in your genes
...ter, and umami (savory) taste, suggest that people differ in how they perceive the taste of foods, and that ...utrition. If we can understand how and why people differ in their taste perception, we might eventually be able to manipulate the taste of individual diets t...Specific type of cell death may accelerate decompensated heart failure
...disease, he said. The autophagic response may also differ in distinct kinds of heart failure, highlighting the need for further study of autophagy in other forms of heart disease. Other UT Southwestern researchers involved in the study were Dr. Hongxin Zhu, lead author and internal medicine fellow; Paul ...Antibody linked to MS significantly higher in spinal fluid of blacks
...one really understands yet why inflammation levels differ from one MS patient to the next." The new study measured cerebrospinal fluid levels of IgG, an immune system antibody. Rinker and others have previously linked greater IgG to more aggressive MS in the general patient population. But that same link c...Stressed-out African naked mole-rats may provide clues about human infertility
...promiscuity can be influenced by single genes that differ among species in their patterns of expression in the brain. Humans also vary widely in the way in which they form social bonds with their partners, offspring and kin. By making careful comparisons with model species like mole-rats, we may be able t...Rutgers, Penn researchers capture research dollars to improve prostate cancer diagnostic methods
...amples taken during biopsies. Just as radiologists differ in their interpretation of prostate images, pathologists may assign different severity grades to the same sample of cancerous tissue. Inaccurate grading may result in therapy too weak to treat the cancer or so aggressive that it prolongs therapy and ...Dietary calcium is better than supplements at protecting bone health
...c metabolites in the urine." Calcium supplements differ in how well their calcium can be absorbed, and this also could play a role in the study's findings, according to its authors. For example, calcium carbonate tablets need to be taken with a meal so that stomach acid can facilitate absorption, but calc...Potent possibilities for parasite attack
...asmodium, which causes malaria, about 20% of genes differ between related species. "Clearly there must have been considerable evolutionary pressure over time to maintain the structure and sequence of the Leishmania genomes - the degree of similarity between these species was unexpected," explained Profess......y cortical responses to these communicative sounds differ between these two groups of female mice: neurons in mother mice respond more quickly and robustly. The authors further establish that this difference in neural response provides mothers with the capacity for detecting and discriminating pup calls....Dartmouth professor makes case for ethically universal stem cell lines
...Dartmouth Medical School, says, The six approaches differ in technique, most directly in how the blastocyst is created. The blastocyst, where hESCs are found, is the three- to five-day-old embryo that has not yet been implanted in the uterus. Since many people regard the normal human blastocyst as morally d...