JCI table of contents: March 1, 2006
...bx18 may be a mesenchymal signal to control ureter differentiation and is an important regulator of the patterning of the urinary tract." TITLE: Tbx18 regulates the development of the ureteral mesenchyme AUTHOR CONTACT: Andreas Kispert Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany Phone: 49-511-5324017; Fax...Liquid crystals show promise in controlling embryonic stem cells
...nt, can also be used to report in real time on the differentiation of embryonic stem cells. Differentiation is the p...lenge facing stem cell research is that of guiding differentiation along these well-defined, controlled lineages. Stem cells grown in the laboratory tend to differenti...Joslin researchers reveal mechanisms behind a class of oral agents used to treat type 2 diabetes
...dinediones may work, in part, by altering the cell differentiation state, or level of cell maturity. Additionally, the two proteins Necdin and E2F4 may represent new drug targets that may be useful in the future for treatment of patients with diabetes," says Dr. Goldfine. Others who participated in the study inclu...Protein that regulates the recovery of blood cells from radiation and chemotherapy
...A delicate balance exists between self-renewal and differentiation of HSCs because the body must retain a sufficient population of HSCs while continually producing the multitude of new blood cells that are needed each day. The researchers demonstrated that MEF regulates a little-understood state of quiescence that ...MiRNA fingerprint identified in platelet formation
... miRNAs are turned off during normal megakaryocyte differentiation and that 8 of those genes create a molecular signature that clearly defines a megakaryocyte from any other type of cell. "We believe this set of genes may contribute to platelet formation," says Garzon. "We think that when these miRNAs are turned of...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...ess triggered by glialneuronal contact. This glial differentiation involves activation of Notch1 and binding of its i...hip between the two pathways, in which radial glia differentiation depends on the relative expression of the two molecules. 2. Motoneuron Differentiation from ES Cel...Ocean 'dead zones' trigger sex changes in fish, posing extinction threat
... control the production of sex hormones and sexual differentiation in embryonic zebra fish. As a result, 75 percent of the fish developed male characteristics. In contrast, 61 percent of the zebra fish spawn raised under normal oxygen conditions more than 5 parts per million developed into males. The normal sex ra...... present levels. This isolation contributed to the differentiation of the island's animals. Detective work The two new species were discovered as the result of recent and earlier field studies. The parrot is a Hanging-parrot, or Colasisi, with bright green feathers covering most of the body. The throat and th...Markers of gene, protein, or micro-RNA activity predict outcome in prostate and colorectal cancers
...hemotherapy," Nielsen said. "Such possible patient differentiation should, of course, be confirmed in prospective studies." Such a study is currently underway in Denmark and other Scandinavian countries, he said. Up to 1,500 patients will be enrolled and blood samples will be collected periodically, such as before a...Protein's role in hemoglobin gene silencing identified
... Ginder said. Gene silencing is important for the differentiation of many different types of cells to take place. In humans, there are five beta-type globin genes clustered on chromosome 11 in the order in which they are "turned on," or expressed, during development. These genes include the embryonic epsilon-globin...Single microRNA causes cancer in transgenic mouse
...miR 155 initiated the process that blocked further differentiation of these cells," says Costinean. Croce says the results are consistent with previous study findings. "We know that miRNAs often act just like oncogenes, in that they promote abnormal cell growth that leads to cancer. Others, however, behave more lik...How embryonic stem cells maintain their identity
... may provide valuable markers of cell identity and differentiation potential, in both health and disease. Bernstein said the findings also suggest that therapies that modify cells' epigenetic state might prove useful in the field of regenerative medicine....Clues to breast cancer hidden inside stem cells
...s over, it involutes. This cycle of proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis also happens in every menstrual cycle and in a more dramatic form during pregnancy. "This caught our attention, and has driven our research," Sigurdsson pointed out. Breast cancer almost always occurs in the luminal epithelial compartme...Eight Stanford scholars elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
...e mechanisms that regulate and mediate male gamete differentiation using the laboratory fruit fly Drosophila as a model system. A central focus of her work also concerns the mechanisms that regulate stem cell behavior. Prior to joining the Stanford faculty in 1990, Fuller was a member of the University of Colorado f...PITT's McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine presenting new research at World Congress
...called cyclic pressure, dramatically increased the differentiation of progenitor cells, according to research presented by Timothy M. Maul, a pre-doctoral fellow in the department of bioengineering who is working in the laboratory of David Vorp, Ph.D., associate professor of surgery and bioengineering, University of...From climate dynamics to educational research...
...hin cells, and regulate cell function such as cell differentiation or blood vessel growth, was only discovered a few years ago. The Priority Programme "Sphingolipids Signals and Disease" now hopes to bring basic researchers and clinical researchers together in order to investigate the role sphingolipids play in a w...Plants' role in global warming re-examined in ORNL Science paper
... previous climate-carbon simulations have included differentiation among vegetation types, none have incorporated an explicit time-dependent acclimation of plant respiration to increasing temperatures. ORNL researchers also looked at the influence of temperature acclimation at both the local ecosystem and global sca...DARPA grant supports research toward realizing tissue regeneration
...pert in retinoid pharmacology, stem cells and cell differentiation Ellen Heber-Katz, Ph.D., professor, molecular and cellular oncogenesis program, The Wistar Institute in Philadelphia, who previously identified a unique mouse model, the MRL mouse, with unusual regenerative properties and has been studying the geneti...Mobile DNA part of evolution's toolbox
...oduces a protein that helps control the growth and differentiation of motor neurons. In the laboratory of Edward Rubin at the University of California, Berkeley, postdoctoral fellow Nadav Ahituv combined the human version of the LF-SINE sequence with a "reporter" gene that would produce an easily recognizable protei...Key root-development pathway mapped using advanced genomic technique
...e are many intermediate steps before the end-stage differentiation of cells in tissues," he said. "We're now actively exploring those intermediate steps." More broadly, the technique of meta-analysis -- used currently in epidemiological studies -- will find wider use in studying the development of organisms, Benfey ...