Researchers identify new catfish family
... life of Mesoamerica is exceptionally diverse with distinct origins from North America, South America and adjacent oceans. They said Lacantunia enigmatica appears not to fit any of those patterns and thus the name of the species reflects the mystery surrounding its origins and relationships. The generic name ...Tetanus toxin found to have therapeutic properties
...xins, and they are very encouraging. Two separate, distinct parts form the tetanus toxin molecule: one part is the cause of the toxic effects and the tetanus symptoms; the other, however, is harmless and is able to penetrate and affect the nervous system. This harmless part, called the carboxy-terminal domain...'Jumping genes' contribute to the uniqueness of individual brains
...odies capable of recognizing an infinite number of distinct antigens. In their study, the researchers closely tracked a single human mobile genetic element, a so-called LINE-1 or L1 element in cultured neuronal precursor cells from rats. Then they introduced it into mice. Every time the engineered L1 elemen...NIH awards $10.4 million to Scripps Research Institute and Scripps Florida
...s of diseases that afflict humankind, thousands of distinct phenotypes and physiologies that characterize human health and disease, tens of thousands of genes that are in the human genome, an even larger number of protein variants and other products made by these genes, an impossible to estimate number of int...Separating morning and evening in the circadian clock of mammals
...igg and colleagues considered the possibility that distinct populations of neurons within the principal mammalian circadian clock (the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus, SCN) might constitute these different oscillators. By measuring gene-expression rhythms in the SCN of hamsters held on different da...Scripps research scientists solve structure of a critical innate immune system protein
...ts target molecule. This surface also contains two distinct patches that are rich in positively-charged residues, suggesting it as a possible binding site for negatively-charged double-stranded RNA. "It's a sensational piece of work," says Scripps Research Professor Bruce Beutler, M.D., who studies TLR signa...Ancient DNA helps clarify the origins of two extinct New World horse species
... the American and Eurasian horses' genomes are too distinct for this theory. "We found that the stilt-legged horse in North America was in fact a home-grown endemic, and had just converged morphologically, probably due to shared environments," Cooper explains. The study also suggests that all the North Ame...Saturated fats combined with genetic trait implicated in development of type 2 diabetes
...." The researchers say this discovery opens up the distinct possibility of specific genetic screening of people at risk for type 2 diabetes, which would then give physicians additional information to advise their high-risk patients on preventative diet and exercise options. About 10 percent of non-diabetic Ca...New research puts a fresh spin on current thinking of speech evolution in humans
...in. Dr. Petrides and colleagues have identified a distinct brain region that controls jaw movements in macaque monkeys that is comparable to Broca's area - the region in the human brain critical for speech production. This discovery is important as it suggests that this area of the brain evolved originally ......how elegantly proteins are put together forming a distinct shape, but with the versatility to respond to the changing needs of the cell, however subtle." The findings have long-term implications for the study of all proteins, because, according to Graves, any protein has the potential to be organized this ...Ancient diets of Australian birds point to big ecosystem changes
...a and the Darling-Murray Lakes. Each region has a distinct local climate and geography, he said. They also looked at carbon isotopes in fossil wombat teeth collected from the Port Augusta and Darling-Murray sites, where such teeth often are found in association with fossil-bird eggshells. While the anal...Protein amplification in melanoma is possible drug target
...e study, these data suggest that MITF represents a distinct class of 'lineage survival' or 'lineage addiction' oncogenes required for both tissue-specific development and tumor progression," said David Rimm, M.D., an author on the study and associate professor in the Department of Pathology at Yale School of ...Researchers merge spatial and temporal structure within a metapopulation model
...ypotheses in experimental landscapes consisting of distinct flour patches inhabited by sawtooth grain beetles. This system will enable them to validate the model, refine methods for parameter estimation, and explore the limits of these persistence thresholds within a stochastic environment.......in the self-incompatibility (S) mechanism. Several distinct ribonuclease patterns have been identified in female reproductive tissues. As plants with the same S-genotype cannot fertilise each other, research is focussed on identifying different S-genotypes which will help farmers to choose the best mixture of...Insight into cell metabolism will help interpret PETs, MRIs
... metabolic puzzle by showing that brain cells have distinct roles in the metabolic process. His team (which included Vishwasrao and Webb) found that neurons use oxygen to convert carbohydrate to energy (a process called oxidation) and that astrocytes kick in subsequently to produce lactate fuel (a process cal...Study in Royal Society journal on world's only horned rodent
...hus chinensis, infected with both or either of two distinct Wolbachia strains, and identified previously unkno... 6,500 km. Differentiation of agonistic calls into distinct types indicates a complexity not previously recorded in fish communication. Moreover, various acoust...Pinpointing a culprit molecule in Alzheimer's disease
... "The [Ab] mice that we have developed are clearly distinct from these other "minigene" models in that they efficiently secrete Ab. To date we have little evidence for the accumulation of intracellular Ab in these mice; thus, they provide an excellent tool to study the effects of secreted Ab independently of ...Multi-species genome comparison sheds new light on evolutionary processes, cancer mutations
...portunities for the isolation of mammals into more distinct breeding groups, speeding the development of species-specific chromosomes. "This study has revealed many hidden secrets on the nature and timing of genome evolution in mammals, and it demonstrates how the study of basic evolutionary processes can lea...Scientists at Galileo Pharmaceuticals confirm inflammatory response linked to glucose levels
...ass chemistry and a biological mechanism of action distinct from the 5-LO inhibitors previously evaluated by pharmaceutical companies. Galileo's first 5-LO inhibitor is scheduled to enter clinical trials in 2006 as a potential treatment for asthma.......ise a single taxon, are in fact, three genetically distinct lineages that are yet to be formally named. While visible characteristics, like the shapes of their shells, were the basis for previous classification of the tortoises, this research team used a variety of molecular genetic and analytical tools inclu...