North & South American researchers find architectural abnormalities in T. cruzi ribosome
...mRNA) copies the information encoded on a gene, it enters a sea of ribosomes, where that genetic information is translated into a protein product. Scientists have long known there was something strange about the genetic translational machinery of the Chagas parasite. Unlike in other organisms, an identical...UCLA scientists reveal how Nipah virus infects cells
...ptor is the same doorway that the real Nipah virus enters to infect these cells. "We now can screen for small molecules that will block viral entry via Ephrin B-2 and develop them as therapeutic drugs," said Lee. "Because pigs are particularly susceptible to Nipah infection, public health officials could...Boosting vitamin C in plants can help reduce smog damage
... qualities of vitamin C to detoxify the ozone that enters through open stomata and also protect the photosynthetic machinery in the leaf. Studying acute and chronic ozone exposures, Gallie and Chen looked at which plants fared better, those with lower levels of vitamin C that closed their pores or those wit...'Achilles' heel' of the herpes virus possibly found
...ns that the search for the mechanisms by which HSV enters cells has been hindered by the fact that the virus is very good at entering so many kinds of cells. The many possibilities for virus binding to cells make deciphering the entry process a difficult problem to solve. The gene that encodes B5 had in f......orb varying amounts of light. Polarized light that enters a leaf's interior can lose its polarity and be re-emitted as "depolarized" light. The depolarized light reveals nitrogen content and other properties the proprietary sensors in the N-Checker can detect. Changes in nitrogen levels change the way light...Random gene expression may drive HIV into hiding
...the infected cells. In this model, after HIV's RNA enters a host cell, it is copied into DNA, and then a little bit of Tat is made before the virus integrates into the host genome. At this point, Tat must be chemically modified before it can encourage transcription of more HIV, and random thermal fluctuatio...Tiny roundworm's telomeres help scientists to tease apart different types of aging
... cell's structure and function begin to fail as it enters this state of growth arrest, called replicative senescence. "But even in very old people, blood cells, which divide continuously, don't have critically short telomeres. In humans and, as we know now, in worms, telomere length is certainly not a limi...VIB signs cooperation agreement for the development of a new, universal flu vaccine
...with VIB, together with internal research, Acambis enters the flu vaccine market, one of the most significant vaccine markets. Gordon Cameron, CEO (Acambis): 'This programme gives Acambis the opportunity to enter one of the most significant vaccine markets - influenza. The recent influenza vaccine short...Virginia Tech group adds tools to DNA-targeted anti-cancer drugs
...ll allow us to see such things as how the assembly enters cells and how much of the drug reaches the DNA," Brewer said. "It is a common practice in the medical field to use luminescent dyes to study cells, so pathology labs will have the equipment needed to monitor drug delivery. Brewer is giving her invite...UTSA researchers awarded $6.4 million to study tularemia
...ton are focusing on early responses when tularemia enters the body. "My research focuses on defining the later-term adaptive immune responses to each vaccine candidate, specifically focusing on the characteristics of T-cell protection," said Arulanandam. Research on the deadly pathogen is being conducted in...Gene therapy to lower blood pressure just enough
...tem." Its activity is halved 30 seconds after it enters the blood stream. Gene therapy can make cells generate more ANP. In previous studies, however, this kind of gene reduced blood pressure to dangerously low levels, said O'Malley. Obviously, a method of controlling the gene and the amount of ANP a ce...Secrets to antibody's success against West Nile Virus surprise scientists
...elope that surrounds its genetic material after it enters a host cell. To reproduce, a virus must alter its envelope in order to inject its genetic material inside the cell. After that injection, the virus tricks the host cell into making more copies of the genetic material that can then be assembled into......says that the pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens enters the wound where it copies the genes required for infection, which can slip into the plant's cells and their nuclear DNA, causing a cancer-like disease called crown gall. The cells of the crown gall tumor synthesize compounds called opines, which serv...Scientists unpick genetics of first 15 minutes of life
...' the early processes that take place once a sperm enters an egg, giving it a crucial role in the most funda...ellulaire (France) on the project. "When the sperm enters the egg, the DNA it carries needs to be re-packaged so that it can engage in normal cellular activit...Vaginal gel may provide a new approach to HIV prevention
...inhibit the processes by which HIV attaches to and enters target cells could potentially provide a safe, effective and practical way to prevent HIV transmission in women, according to study investigators. The study, published online October 30 in the journal Nature was funded principally by the National Ins...Odd energy mechanism in bacteria analyzed
...e algae that produce about half of the oxygen that enters Earth's atmosphere every day. The carbon cycle ultimately affects all plant and animal life on Earth. However, it's now clear that SAR11 has its own mechanism to use sunlight energy that does not involve chlorophyll. Rather, it uses retinal, the sam...Mechanism of new 'sudden-death' arrhythmia detailed
...ge to the cell, the researchers said. Once calcium enters the cell, it must quickly be pumped back out, a function that is performed by the sodium/calcium exchanger protein (NCX1), which trades incoming sodium for outgoing calcium. The sodium is then pumped out by the protein enzyme Na/K ATPase. Both of the...Innovative research set to push boundaries of cancer care
...rchers has shown that P. aeruginosa preferentially enters human melanoma and breast cancer cells, triggering...t a smaller, 28 amino-acid fragment of azurin also enters cancer cells selectively, but not in any of the normal cells tested. This small molecule could poten...GROWing the next generation of water recycling plants
...r kitchen taps. Using GROW, much of the water that enters a building can be used twice before being placed into the national wastewater management system. "We had to carefully choose which semi-aquatic plants to use. One of the most successful is water mint, whose roots have disinfectant qualities," says Pr...LIAI initiatives battle influenza; Potential bird flu treatment among their findings
...d attack the virus in the mucosal linings where it enters the body. Lo said the vaccine would be designed to fight numerous flu strains, including the H5N1 avian flu. LIAI's other major area of flu research involves studies that could lead to the development of a "universal" flu vaccine, meaning one that w...