Alcoholism reduces male heart's ability to synthesize protein; possible therapy target?
...n females," Vary noted. Going a step further, they examined "the metabolic pathways involved in protein synthesis. "We found that one particular step in the process of protein synthesis was affected in males but not females following prolonged ethanol consumption," Vary said. "Furthermore it appeared that t...Moderate aerobic exercise improves cardiovascular and nervous system function in HIV+
...eart rate, baroreflex sensitivity The researchers examined the quantitative effects of aerobic fitness on the...paper at the American Society of Hemotaology which examined specific changes in immune function in HIV subjects after moderate aerobic exercise.) The 35th Congr...Chronic inflammation caused by too little stomach acid leads to gastric cancer
...nt of gastric cancer, at least in the antrum. They examined gastric tissue from mice in their study using an assay called TUNEL, which detects cells in the process of undergoing apoptosis. "We found striking differences in the apoptotic rates of parietal cells in the fundus, or upper compartment of the stoma...Emory scientist finds different paths lead to similar cognitive abilities
... 2005 meeting in San Diego. Marino's presentation examined the diverse evolutionary patterns through which dolphins and primates acquired their large brains, how those brains differ, and how sensory information can be processed in different ways and still result in the same cognitive abilities. "Eventually...PNAS highlights for the week of April 4 - 8
...on to schizophrenia. Louis Sokoloff and colleagues examined the brain pathway from the whiskers to sensory processing in mice lacking a protein that transports serotonin. Lacking this transporter is hypothesized to lead to elevated serotonin levels in the brain. The researchers stimulated individual whiskers...Other highlights in the April 6 JNCI
...ated With Pancreatic Cancer Risk A new study that examined dietary patterns in two large cohorts of men and women found no association between pattern of diet and pancreatic cancer risk. Diabetes appears to be a risk factor for pancreatic cancer, and several large studies have found an association between ob...At the molecular level, the predator is the prey
...Pacific Northwest snake populations the scientists examined have evolved some degree of resistance to TTX by making this aromatic amino acid harder for TTX to grasp -- or by removing it altogether. One-thirtieth of the TTX normally found in a T. granulosa newt is enough to kill the average human being. The on...National Academies news: Spent nuclear fuel storage
... for implementing the water-spray system should be examined to decide what requirements should be imposed. Such systems may not be needed at plants where spent fuel pools are located below ground level or are otherwise protected from external line-of-sight attacks. Congress requested the study following conf...New findings in taste and smell research
...sing gamete encounters. Surprisingly, no study has examined the influence of these signals under realistic conditions. Ubiquitous for all organisms is the presence of fluid motion at the scale of the sperm and egg. Fluid motion may have profound influence on gamete motility and sperm attractant distribution, ...PNAS highlights for the week of April 11 - 15
...cant differences in the milk. The researchers also examined more than 100 meat quality criteria, of which 90% ...stigate the question, Todd Surovell and colleagues examined 41 archaeology sites--ranging from 1.8 million years to 10,000 years ago,on five continents--that sh...Currents could disrupt ocean food chain
...g icebergs." Schmittner said scientists also have examined ice cores from Greenland and measured isotopes that show rapid temperature changes, which coincide with changes in ocean nutrient concentrations measured in deep-sea sediment cores. "One full oscillation of these switches took 1,500 years," Schmittn...Unconventional brain circuits offer clues to insomnia-obesity connection
...ments in brain slices and in mice, the researchers examined the organization and stability of inputs to hypocretin cell bodies, which act as filters in other brain cells. They found that hypocretin neurons have an "unorthodox" organization in which excitatory currents exert control on nerve cell bodies with m...JBC study shows that bigger isn't necessarily better for amyloid proteins
... in monomeric, oligomeric, and fibrillar forms and examined their effects on cells. They found that the oligomeric forms of the proteins, and not the monomeric or fibrillar forms, elevated intracellular calcium levels. The oligomers also caused rapid cellular leakage of fluorescent dyes, suggesting that these...Ume researchers have mapped the dams of the world
... regulated and fragmented by dams. The researchers examined the world's rivers with a mean annual flow of at least 350 m3/s (e.g., larger than the Torne River in northern Sweden). The only regions for which accurate data have not been available are Indonesia and a small part of Malaysia. The study shows that ...Study uncovers bacteria's worst enemy
...e presence of all kinds of contaminants. The study examined the effects of toxicity of actinides, metals and chelators on different bacteria being evaluated for radionuclide bioremediation, Deinococcus radiodurans and Pseudomonas putida, along with the toxicity of plutonium on the bacteria Shewanella putrefac...Taking the piste out of Alpine vegetation
...of Zurich and the University of Potsdam in Germany examined plant species at 12 Swiss ski resorts. They found that, compared with off-piste plots, there were 11% fewer plant species on ski pistes, with woody plants and early-flowering species being most badly affected. Machine grading of ski slopes caused mos...Observational study suggests use of statins lowers risk of advanced prostate cancer
...e the diagnosis of prostate cancer, and because it examined associations based on stage of the disease. All of the 34,438 participants were free of a prostate cancer diagnosis in 1990, but by 2000, 2,074 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer. Of these, 283 were advanced, and within this subgroup, 206 were m...NSAID drug protects against intestinal tumors in mice, despite poor diet and gene losses
...the cancer into an invasive state." Finally, they examined what happened when the knock-out mice were fed a Western diet enhanced with sulindac, an agent they had previously found help suppress tumor formation. To their surprise, none of the knock-out mice developed cancer. "To us this means that as long as...Other highlights in the April 20 JNCI
...Research on Cancer in Lyon, France, and colleagues examined associations between each of four polymorphisms of BER genes (OGG1 Ser326Cys, XRCC1 Arg194Trp, XRCC1 Arg280His, and XRCC1 Arg399Gln) and lung cancer risk among 2,188 lung cancer patients and 2,198 control subjects without lung cancer. Overall, neithe...Fox Chase Cancer Center researchers identify subset of ovarian cancer patients responsive to Iressa
...er," Schilder said. For the study, the researchers examined archived tumor tissue from a phase II trial designed to assess the activity and tolerability of gefitinib in patients with recurrent or persistent ovarian carcinoma or primary peritoneal cancer. They found that a mutation in the EGFR occurred in the...