New study explains process leading to many proteins from one gene
...ntary tandem repeat sequences on either side of an exon allow the DNA to loop back on itself, bind together, pinch off the loop containing a particular exon and then splice it out," Dr. Garner explained. The chemical units that make up an organism's DNA a...Modification of program enables prediction of gene transcription
...the first splice occurs thereby defining the first exon of the gene. The modification to the gene...nscription start site (TSS) and the complete first exon in both the human and fruit fly genomes. The addition of N-SCAN to TWINSCAN now provides ge...Carnegie Mellon University research reveals how cells process large genes
...ntially as an acceptor for splicing to an upstream exon and then as a donor for splicing to the next downstream ratchetting point or exon. As the process goes from ratchetting point to ratchetting point, small signature loops of RNA called lariats are released from the intron. Repeated over and over, recu...Epigenetic activity silences Rb2/P130 gene in lung cancer
...dings are reported in two studies: "Tumor-specific exon 1 mutations could be the 'hit event' predisposing Rb2/p130 gene to epigenetic silencing in lung cancer" and "Genetic and epigenetic alterations of RB2/p130 tumor suppressor gene in human sporadic retinoblastoma: implications for pathogenesis and ther......tion, cells attach a group of molecules called the exon junction complex (EJC) to the RNA. An RNA made from a mutant gene usually has an EJC in the wrong position, which activates NMD and destroys the RNA before it can be used to make flawed proteins. Andreas Kulozik and Matthias Hentze, who jointly run t...Study provides insight into cellular defenses against genetic mutation
...p reading signal occurs too far ahead of the final exon in the chain, as marked by an exon-exon junction complex (EJC), the cell concludes that the stop codon has mistakenly fallen in the middle of a set of instructions. Specifically, Medical Center researchers now believe a stop codon is labeled prematur...Genomatix Microarray Analysis Pipeline achieves Affymetrix GeneChip compatible status
...is of data from Affymetrix whole-genome tiling and exon arrays. "We are proud of having met the high stan... in conjunction with the new Affymetrix tiling and exon array technology, I expect that our tools will drive far greater understanding of genomic organizati...Genomatix improves its coverage of Affymetrix new exon arrays
...be specifically geared towards analysis of the new exon arrays. "ChipInspector already revolutionized the ...also empower the special version optimized for the exon arrays" says Dr. Thomas Werner, CEO & CSO of Genomatix. According to Dr. Matthias Scherf, head of Ge...Molecular discoveries aim at advancing early diagnosis of cancers
...cific splice variant messenger RNA that is missing exon 4. Both the exon-4-minus mRNA and the mature expressed tNOX protein are specific to cancer and remain undetected in cells or sera from healthy volunteers or patients with diseases other than cancer." By harvesting messenger RNA from circulating cells...'Smart' genetic therapy helps the body to heal itself
...of an anti-sense drug that induces the skipping of exon 51 from the DMD gene. Six Dutch DMD patients aged...s that are correctable by skipping that particular exon will take part. This human trial is being supported by animal work. The team has used the muscular...Single genetic assay could help physicians decide when to switch patients from Gleevec to Sutent
...-thirds of those patients whose mutation occurs in exon 11 of the molecule have the longest average respon.... The 10-15 percent of patients with a mutation in exon 9 don't respond as well to the drug, but are less likely to mutate again, and those with no mutation...Berkeley lab life scientists are leaders in team to detect cancer by studying proteins in the blood
...o identify these aberrant splicing patterns at the exon level." Once aberrant patterns of exons have been identified for key proteins associated with breast cancer, antibodies can be designed to seek out and tag these proteins in blood samples from patients. "A vital part of this effort involves bioin...RNA map provides first comprehensive understanding of alternative splicing
... different mRNAs, and thus different proteins. The exon can be spliced in or out in a binary, computer-lik...ova's action on regulating whether the alternative exon is spliced in or out. The researchers tested whether this RNA map was valid by asking whether it ...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
...ion of a trinucleotide CAG repeat within the first exon of the androgen receptor gene causes spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA). This inherited neurodegenerative disease targets motor neurons in adult males, whereas female carriers are usually unaffected. Katsuno et al. report that the mechanism ...Living view in animals shows how cells decide to make proteins
...ther intronic silencers were chopping out the IIIb exon -- and if so, in which tissues and organs -- or wh... in most tissues made the same decision to silence exon IIIb, but the cells used a variety of silencers and helper proteins to accomplish this task, said Vi...Human proteins evolving slowly thanks to multitasking genes
...ded to produce a specific protein, the part of the exon immediately next to the intron contains information that is essential for the gene editing process. This means that these parts of genes evolve particularly slowly, making the proteins they encode for not as good as they could be had evolutionary ...CSHL shows correcting RNA splicing may help treat spinal muscular atrophy
...ts is at the level of pre-mRNA splicing, such that exon 7 tends to be left out of the mRNA that ultimately...tegies have been pursued to increase the extent of exon 7 inclusion in the splicing of SMN2, for eventual use as therapeutics for SMA. The Krainer team, in...NIH neuroscience microarray consortium launches high-throughput genotyping services
...on the Affymetrix platform and uses the Affymetrix exon arrays to look at splice variants, in addition to the new Illumina expression and genotyping capabilities. The principal investigator at Yale, Shrikant Mane, says that the "Illumina platform provides an important complement to the other technologi...