Penn receives grant for initiative to help understand genes' effects on medications
...s, often functioning independently of each other," explains Kimmel. "But it has become clear that progress in medicine is a dynamic, multi-faceted process. The conventional divisions within biomedical research may hamper the pace of scientific discovery and ultimately, deliverable benefits to patients. This p...Stanford cooling tool may improve performance of athletes, soldiers
...the outside in, which is the conventional method," explains Senior Research Scientist Dennis Grahn, who developed the cooling device with H. Craig Heller, the Lorry I. Lokey/Business Wire Professor in Human Biology and Environmental Biology. The device works by creating a local subatmospheric pressure envir...Dying cells encourage neighbors to grow
... the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood," explains study leader Dr. Hermann Steller. Dr. Steller and colleagues demonstrate that when cells from the imaginal disc in the fruit fly Drosophila are stimulated to undergo apoptosis but experimentally manipulated so that they do not actually die ("undea...Low dose radiation evades cancer cells' protective 'radar'
...at are passed down to other generations of cells," explains DeWeese, chairman of the Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences at Johns Hopkins. "A dead cell is better than a mutant cell, so if the damage is mild, cells die instead of risking repair." Higher doses of radiation cause ex...Marine Biological Laboratory summer investigator wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry
...fashion, which allows the cell cycle to progress," explains Hershko. The first of these proteins, known as cyclin B, was discovered by Tim Hunt, Joan Ruderman, and their colleagues working independently at the MBL in the early 1980s. (Dr. Hunt won the Nobel Prize in 2001 for this discovery.) By 1989, MB...Gladstone researchers resolve key Huntington's disease mystery in Nature cover story
...fessor Harry T. Orr of the University of Minnesota explains in a companion Nature commentary, "In the long term, strength of this study lies in the approach itself. The capability to determine if a cellular feature of a disease is pathogenic, beneficial or merely incidental to a disease process will be of co...Research into the sense of touch in worms wins Eppendorf/Science Prize
...g it more difficult to study them. Goodman's essay explains her research on the nematode worm's sense of touch. Known as Caenorhabditis elegans, the entire cellular anatomy of its nervous system is known. Scientists hope to apply their knowledge about the nematode's sense of touch to larger and more complex a...Multi-species herbivore outbreak follows El Nio drought in Panama
...his parked car was covered with insect droppings," explains STRI post-doctoral fellow, Sunshine Van Bael. Moth larvae devoured 250% more leaf material than usual even as researchers were setting up an experimental protocol to monitor herbivores and leaf damage on twenty tree species reachable from the gondola...New version of tumor-suppressor linked to progression of childhood cancer
...ich would represent a potential therapeutic goal," explains Dr. Mackay. Antonella Tacconelli, Antonietta R. Farina, Lucia Cappabianca, Giuseppina DeSantis, Alessandra Tessitore, Antonella Vetuschi,1 Roberta Sferra, Nadia Rucci, Beatrice Argenti, Isabella Screpanti, Alberto Gulino, and Andrew R. Mackay: "TrkA ...New insight into progression of colorectal cancer
...hibition of TGF-b-dependent IL-6 trans-signaling," explains Dr. Neurath. Christoph Becker, Massimo C. Fantini, Christoph Schramm, Hans A. Lehr, Stefan Wirtz, Alexei Nikolaev, Jrgen Burg, Susanne Strand, Ralf Kiesslich, Samuel Huber, Hiroaki Ito, Norihiro Nishimoto, Kazuyuki Yoshizaki, Tadamitsu Kishimoto, Pe...Sandbagging cancer in the bloodstream
...ion. "Tumor cells don't last in the circulation," explains Cheresh. "If you can increase the dwell time that tumor cells spend in circulation by reducing their capacity to get out, you effectively give the immune system a greater chance of winning the battle." Cheresh, Weis, and their colleagues decided to t...Psychologist finds instance where 'two wrongs do make a right'
...prone to the illusion, while action seems immune," explains Dassonville, echoing the commonly accepted axiom that separate visual systems drive perception and action. However, the UO study revealed that slight manipulations of the illusion led to a wholly new realization. In fact, the illusion actually distor...Yerkes researchers to present array of new data at Society for Neuroscience Meeting
... the subthalamic nucleus. This finding potentially explains how this area of the brain becomes overactive in Parkinson's disease. (2 pm 3 pm) observed how the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPT), a region of the brain associated with attention and awareness, interacts with other brain regions associat...Darwin's greatest challenge tackled: the mystery of eye evolution
...ight and influence our daily rhythms of activity," explains Wittbrodt. "Quite possibly, the human eye has orig... of molecules that is found in a specific cell. He explains that if cells between species have matching molecular fingerprints, then the cells are very likely t...Findings challenge Darwinian theory
...otype-precedes-phenotype' theory of evolution only explains about half of the examples he studied. He came to his conclusions after reviewing more than 200 research papers from around the world, including a study on asymmetry (the difference between the left and right sides of the body) that was conducte...Actin muscles in on DNA transcription
.... Actin has been pigeonholed as a molecular motor, explains Primal de Lanerolle, professor of physiology and biophysics at UIC. "Whenever cells move or divide, actin is involved, like its partner myosin." "But in the nucleus," de Lanerolle said, "actin acts instead like a binding protein. It recruits other pr...Stress impairs thinking via mania-linked enzyme
...ute on Aging (NIA), and the Stanley Foundation. It explains how even mild stress can worsen cognitive symptoms, as occurs in bipolar disoder, which affects two million Americans. Abnormalities in the cascade of events that trigger PKC have also been implicated in schizophrenia. Amy Arnsten, Ph.D. and Shari B...Support for fragile X syndrome needed
...ents, clinicians and teachers about the syndrome," explains Kim Cornish, director of McGill's Neuroscience Laboratory for Research and Education in Developmental Disorders. "There is no Quebec chapter for families to meet and bring in professional expertise to address FXS concerns. Worse, the disorder is har...Gene linked to enlargement of the factory where proteins are processed
...r of the Journal of Cell Biology report. The study explains how the cells are able to rapidly meet the need for increased production of specific proteins by coordinating the tasks of folding and packaging them. The need for close coordination of protein processing and packaging is especially critical in the c......n electrical resistance measured in an aquifer. He explains that sitting or pooled water becomes saturated with minerals while fresh rainwater has a low dissolved mineral content. Fresh water conducts electricity poorly, compared to water loaded with minerals. Depressions in the bedrock surface can also stor...