Freshwater snails are surprisingly fast-moving invaders
...hy. The classical deterministic diffusion paradigm fails to incorporate this feature and ignores the random nature of long-distance colonization events. Taking the snails into account, Facon and Patrice David (Centre dEcologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, CNRS) have created a new method for studying colo...After 2 years, study shows Revlimid patients live longer and remain transfusion free
...overall." MDS, a cancer in which the bone marrow fails to make enough functioning blood cells, affects 300,000 people worldwide killing 60,000 to 70,000 a year. MDS patients suffer from anemia and fatigue and need whole-body blood transfusions as much as twice a month. Repeated transfusions can lead to...How fish species suffer as a result of warmer waters
...ochemical stress responses. Finally, oxygen supply fails entirely, leaving the organism to perish. These results represent a significant step forward towards understanding the mechanisms involved in climate-induced alterations in marine ecosystems. The paper 'Climate change affects marine fishes through ...Scientists reveal secrets of Homer's Cyclops to help people with Holoprosencephaly
...oprosencephaly occurs when the embryonic forebrain fails to divide into the two lobes that make up the cerebral hemispheres. As a result, people with this disorder have a single-lobed brain structure and severe skull and facial defects. In most cases, the disorder is so severe that fetuses die before birth...Cracking open the black box of autoimmune disease
... rheumatoid arthritis occur when the immune system fails to regulate itself. But researchers have not known precisely where the molecular breakdowns responsible for such failures occur. Now, a team of scientists from the Whitehead Institute and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have identified a key set of ...Improved imaging for identifying breast cancer in overweight women
... cancer, obesity is a significant factor in why it fails and inevitably leads to occasionaland unnecessaryfull axillary lymph node dissection (a more complex surgery that removes all lymph nodes in the armpit region)." Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in this country, with women ...Loss of a universal tRNA feature reported
...ences revealed that a group of alphaproteobacteria fails to encode a G (guanylate) at the -1 position of the tRNA as all other bacteria do. Amplification and tRNA sequencing approaches were used to confirm the findings. Sinorhizobium meliloti and Caulobacter crescentus are members of the alphaproteobacte...AAAS honors defenders of evolution with Scientific Freedom and Responsibility Award
...r evolutionary theory and why "intelligent design" fails to meet science criteria. The award is shared by eight Pennsylvania teachers who fought efforts by the Dover Area District School Board to require the reading of an anti-evolution statement in ninth grade biology classes. The teachers, who were sci...Ocean governance: Evolving systems
...n the water and what seems attractive on paper but fails to solve problems."...Flowers shape themselves to guide their pollinators to the pollen
... flowers. Videotaping demonstrated that a poor fit fails to correctly guide the pollinator while feeding. This tradeoff in adapting to bats vs. hummingbirds is strong enough to favor specialization on one or the other. Nathan says, "While all leaves tend to look similar, flowers come in a spectacular varie...NIH establishes Center of Excellence for influenza research at Mount Sinai
...triggers a very strong immune system response that fails to protect animals from severe lung disease and death. This study gave insight into how highly pathogenic influenza viruses, such as the 1918 flu, cause disease. Further research in 2007, showed modest changes in the 1918 flu viruss hemagglutinin ...How do the rules of immunity change during chronic infections?
...nse operates during chronic infections, and why it fails to clear these infections, could help scientists design more effective therapies to fight chronic infections and certain types of tumors, says Wherry. In previous studies, Wherry had shown that chronically stimulated CD8 T cells were unable to unde...First systematic study of China's one-child policy reveals complexity, effectiveness
...erious negative consequences in the long run if it fails to phase out the policy." Wang, a demographer who has studied the one-child policy for more than a decade, notes that the law's success is contributing to an increasing proportion of older Chinese citizens, a shrinking workforce, and a disproportio...Map predicting spread of avian flu
...aphic areas in which a given intervention strategy fails to control the spread of the disease between farms. "The risk map concept is an instrument suitable for analyses of epidemic control options both during crisis and in peacetime" says Boender. ...Scientists unravel clue in cortisol production
... these transient binding events, the adrenal gland fails to produce optimal levels of cortisol." Next the team will investigate how small molecules ligands regulate cortisol production by binding to SF-1 and controlling the receptor's ability to bind to DNA....Short chromosomes put cancer cells in forced rest
... suicide. Such cell death is natural, and when it fails to happen, the result may be unbridled cell growth, or cancer. The first generation pups born to these mice contained no telomerase and very long telomeres. These mice all developed lymphomas by the time they were 7 months old. The researchers then...Protein found that slows hepatitis C growth in liver cells
...tating side effects. Those for whom that treatment fails are at high risk for fatal cirrhosis or liver cancer. In the United States, about half of all liver cancer cases occur in people infected by hepatitis C virus. The UTMB scientists reported their findings in the April 20 issue of the Journal of Biol...The stem cells that weren't there
...mplications for type 2 diabetes, in which the body fails to produce and respond to insulin," added Kushner. The incidence of type 2 diabetes has been rising dramatically, especially among children and adolescents....Baumann Lab defines proteins that distinguish chromosome ends from DNA double-strand breaks
...sm of chromosome end protection and how and why it fails during tumorigenesis." ...... author. MOMP triggers apoptosis, but if apoptosis fails because there is no caspase available, the backup program called caspase-independent cell death (CICD) takes over the process. Previous research has shown that cells that become cancerous lack caspase and other proteins needed to support apoptosis ...