Unravelling new complexity in the genome
... humans have a comparable number of protein-coding genes as significantly less complex organisms such as th...complexity can be explained, in large part, by how genes and the products of genes are regulated. A University of Toronto-led study published in the latest i...Diverse genetic abnormalities lead to NF-κB activation in multiple myeloma
... as a key event in MM pathology. NF-κB target genes are known to be involved in cell proliferation and...rizona, and colleagues report mutations in several genes that result in constitutive activation of the alternative NF-κB pathway. We propose that the ac...Interaction of just 2 genes governs coloration patterns in mice
...e found that a simple interaction between just two genes determines the patterns of fur coloration that cam... wild. "Our work shows how changes in just a few genes can greatly alter an organism's appearance," says Hopi E. Hoekstra, John L. Loeb Associate Professor...Newly created cancer stem cells could aid breast cancer research
...formed it into a cancer cell by inserting specific genes through a standard procedure. The engineered cel...s and were the only ones able to metastasize. Thus genes that were previously thought to only initiate tumors initiated metastasis, which is the main cause o...Gene regulation, not just genes, is what sets humans apart
...ces between humans and chimps arent so much in the genes we have, which are 99 percent the same, but in the way those genes are used, according to new research from a Duke University team. Its rather like the same set of ...Does the desire to consume alcohol and tobacco come from our genetic makeup?
... association for several genomic regions harboring genes with potential pathophysiological functions relating to alcohol and smoking. Our sex specific findings may also play a role in the sex differences related to alcohol and tobacco use. ...High blood pressure, low energy -- a recipe for heart failure
...an inducible co-activator called PGC-1, turning on genes that increase the heart's capacity to burn fats fo...ttle like puppeteers controlling the expression of genes for energy production," Kelly says. "This research is especially exciting because ERR can be activat...Circadian clock controls plant growth hormone
...vis, used microarray chips to look at thousands of genes from the laboratory plant Arabidopsis at the same time. About 10 percent showed some regulation by time of day. In the auxin signaling pathway, nearly every step in the chain of events from the production of auxin through to the final growth respon...Scientists show that mitochondrial DNA variants are linked to risk factors for type 2 diabetes
...is influenced by several genes. While most of the genes known to be involved in diabetes susceptibility ar...ria of both rat strains, and found DNA variants in genes that encode for proteins involved in energy production. Thus, for the first time, they were able to...New textbook illuminates the close links between evolutionary and molecular biology
...mples from across the spectrum of lifefrom jumping genes and RNA molecules, to populations of yeast and E. coli reared in the laboratory, to dung flies, lizards, and deer in their natural habitats. Evolutionary biology underpins all our knowledge of the living world, write the authors. [It] is a synth...Genetic variation helps to understand predisposition to schizophrenia
...of a DNA sequence called a promoter, which enables genes to be coded for proteins. A protein called a transcription factor binds to the promoter and helps other proteins to express the gene. When the promoter is altered, the transcription factor may not bind properly and impair genetic expression. Law and ...Evolution is driven by gene regulation
.... Weve known for a while that the protein coding genes of humans and chimpanzees are about 99 percent the...t, the difference must be in the way regulation of genes produces their protein products. Comparing gene regulation across similar organisms has been diff...A unique arrangement for egg cell division
Heidelberg, 09 August 2007 - Which genes are passed on from mother to child is decided very early on during the maturation of the egg cell in the ovary. In a cell division process that is unique to egg cells, half of the chromosomes are eliminated from the egg before it is fertilised. Using...Study finds gender differences in renal and other genes contributing to blood pressure
...ntifying autosomal (not on the X or Y chromosomes) genes that contribute differentially to complex traits (...ovides over 90 percent statistical power to detect genes contributing as little as three percent to blood pressure variation. The research team also scored ...Cardio exercise benefits in male vs. female hearts
..., but some believe it is due to chromosomal linked genes or sexual hormones such as estrogen and testosterone. While the mechanisms behind the differences are unknown, the physiological differences are clear. A new study examining chronic exercise in male and female mice finds that moderate long-term exerc...News tips from the Journal of Neuroscience
... , Griffin et al. used microarrays to narrow in on genes affected in three peripheral nerve injury models of neuropathic pain. The most highly regulated were involved in the microglial complement cascade. Messenger RNAs for C1qb, C3, and C4 were upregulated in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord after injur...Preclinical study links gene to brain aneurysm formation
...ale mice bred to suppress (knock out) one of three genes and molecular pathways associated with vascular di...or (PAI-1). To determine whether absence of the genes resulted in an increased rate of aneurysm formation, researchers blocked one of the two carotid arte...Other highlights in the Aug. 7 JNCI
...rognosis of lung cancer patients. They found 11 genes in noncancerous lung tissue that classified stage I lung cancer patients according to their risk of death. Our data suggest that a unique gene expression signature of noncancerous lung tissue and corresponding tumor tissue in lung [cancer] predic...Cornell scientists link E. coli bacteria to Crohn's disease
...that a novel group of E. coli bacteria containing genes similar to those described in uropathogenic and avian pathogenic E. coli and enteropathogenic bacteria such as salmonella, cholera, bubonic plague is associated with intestinal inflammation in patients with Crohns disease in their research paper pub...Penn researchers discover how key protein stops inflammation
...be able to target a subset of dangerous regulatory genes without disrupting other important immune responses. Such drugs could benefit patients with chronic inflammation and transplant recipients as well as those suffering with inflammatory diseases. In the future, the scientists aim to determine the com...