American Chemical Society's Weekly PressPac -- Aug. 8, 2007
...organic pollutants can increase the functional and genetic diversity of the bacterial community in acutely polluted soil compared to wild type plants, the report states. Our findings have important implications, not only for use of genetically engineered plants for TNT remediation, but for cleaning up other ...Clones on task serve greater good, evolutionary study shows
...oins others in reporting how the greater good of a genetic pool of identical organisms is affected when a few... plant of the mustard family commonly used to test genetic questions. Arabadopsis can have many offspring that are genetically identical. Yet, just like human ...Unravelling new complexity in the genome
...arly something other than gene count is behind the genetic differences between simpler and more complex life forms. Increased functional and cellular complexity can be explained, in large part, by how genes and the products of genes are regulated. A University of Toronto-led study published in the latest ...Diverse genetic abnormalities lead to NF-κB activation in multiple myeloma
...xhibited NF-κB pathway activation via diverse genetic abnormalities. Importantly, targeted disruption of...yeloma proliferation and induced cell death. These genetic and functional data provide a molecular framework for the rational development of NF-κB pathway...Interaction of just 2 genes governs coloration patterns in mice
..., marks one of the few instances in which specific genetic changes have been linked to an organism's ability ...erns are generated. In this paper, we identify the genetic changes producing a simple color pattern that helps camouflage mice inhabiting the sandy dunes of Fl...Features of replication suggest viruses have common themes, vulnerabilities
...like all viruses, requires a host cell to make new genetic material and maintain the chain of infection. In the case of flock house virus, the Wisconsin group found, the virus co-opts intracellular membranes of mitochondria, critical energy-regulating structures found in most eukaryotic cells. Squeezin...Newly created cancer stem cells could aid breast cancer research
...ively toward a malignant state through a series of genetic mutations. The early alterations confer uncontroll...g these tumor-initiating and metastasis-initiating genetic alterations. The new study suggests, however, that some normal cells are more prone to become tumo...Gene regulation, not just genes, is what sets humans apart
...rent. Positive selection, the process by which genetic changes that aid survival and reproduction spread throughout a species, has targeted the regulation of many genes known to be involved in the brain and nervous system and in nutrition, said Ralph Haygood, a post-doctoral fellow in the laboratory of D...Risk of common vaginal infection linked to preterm birth appears higher for blacks
...well understood, Dr. Simhan said. There could be genetic differences that relate to why infection rates are different, and maybe some differences in nutritional status that could play a part. But we dont even know the differences in normal vaginal flora among racial groups, he said. More study is definitel...Green tea boosts production of detox enzymes, rendering cancerous chemicals harmless
...f this enzyme varies dramatically in people due to genetic variation and environmental factors, Chow added. Green tea catechins somehow increase gene expression of these enzymes, which can be an advantage to people with low levels to start with. Green tea has long been of interest to researchers given stud...Does the desire to consume alcohol and tobacco come from our genetic makeup?
... provided evidence that ones sex can influence the genetic factors for alcohol and tobacco use. In an attempt to find the genomic determinants underlying alcohol and tobacco use, researchers examined 120 families (approximately 900 individuals). The researchers identified an area relating to alcohol and t...New, more direct pathways from outside the cell-to-cell nuclei discovered
...d its contents can enter the cell's nucleus, where genetic information is stored and processed. The team's discovery of the existence of direct pathways between extracellular material and cell nuclei will be published on August 10, 2007 in Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton. The team was led by Ray Gavin a...Abnormal fat metabolism underlies heart problems in diabetic patients
... can lead to heart problems. Interestingly, a rare genetic disorder Barth syndrome held a key to identifying cardiolipin decrease in diabetic hearts. Children born with Barth syndrome have weak hearts and often die young from heart failure. These children have mutations that prevent cells from producing en...Scientists show that mitochondrial DNA variants are linked to risk factors for type 2 diabetes
... Today, researchers report for the first time that genetic variants in mitochondriaenergy-producing structure... the role of mitochondrial DNA variation in common genetic diseases, says Dr. Theodore Kurtz, the lead investigator on the project. In addition, the animal mo...New textbook illuminates the close links between evolutionary and molecular biology
... organisms develop from a single cell? Why is the genetic code as it is? Why is there sexual reproduction? The book is divided into four sections. The first three sections detail the history of evolutionary and molecular biology, describe the origin and diversification of life over the past 3.5 billion ...ESF EURYI award winner aims to stop cancer cells reading their own DNA
... blocking the molecular motors involved in copying genetic information during cell division is being pursued ...py DNA during cell division. This will cut off the genetic information flow that tumours need to grow, and could complement existing cancer therapies, while in...Genetic variation helps to understand predisposition to schizophrenia
...th colleagues at NIH describe for the first time a genetic variation that causes a gene to be overexpressed i...cientists agree that the disease is in part due to genetic variations, Law says. These variations are not simple to understand because they dont directly distu...Antioxidant overload may underlie a heritable human disease
...rt muscle contain clumps of proteins. Although the genetic basis for the disease had been linked to mutations in one of two genes, the mechanism responsible remained mysterious. The researchers now show that mice with one of the mutant genes, B-crystallin, specifically in the heart develop the same symptom...A unique arrangement for egg cell division
...it undergoes a reducing division, which halves its genetic material to generate a single egg cell with 23 instead of the normal 46 chromosomes in humans. It is crucial that the egg has half the normal set of chromosomes, because the second half is brought in by the sperm cell during fertilisation. The molecu...... found that a subset of individuals with AML had a genetic mutation known as a SNP that decreased the ability...loid cells. This study raises the possibility that genetic mutations in UREs might have a critical role in the development of cancer. TITLE: A distal single ...