Chronic inflammation caused by too little stomach acid leads to gastric cancer
...ll. Now, she has a new research partner a line of genetically engineered mice that secrete abnormally low amounts of hydrochloric acid, because they lack the gene required to produce gastrin. The mice were generated in the laboratory of Linda C. Samuelson, Ph.D., a professor of molecular and integrative physiol...Altering steroid receptor genes creates fat burning muscle
...their muscle fibers in the same way as seen in the genetically engineered mice, increasing levels of fat-burning muscle fibers and thus building a type of metabolic 'shield" that keeps them from gaining weight even when they are not exercising. But athletes do it through long periods of intensive training, an ...Understanding natural killers could lead to new hepatitis treatments
... of NKT cells, the researchers found that the mice genetically rendered deficient in CXCR6 showed reduced survival of their NKT cells, but no change in the speed or pattern of their patrolling. The studies showed that the presence of CXCR6 prolonged the NKT cells' survival. The researchers also found that the NK...U. Iowa researchers improve Huntington's disease symptoms in mice
...rference molecule were injected into the brains of genetically engineered mice before the disease symptoms appear... out the damage caused by the mutant protein. The genetically engineered or transgenic mouse model used by the UI team carries a section of the human HD gene. The...An (ecological) origin of species for tropical reef fish
...ether or not wrasses in the genus Halichoeres were genetically different North and South of this barrier. Since ...d only 360 km apart along the Brazilian coast were genetically more distinct than were fish collected 4200 km apart, from Fernando de Noronha island off of the Bra...Genetic diversity predicts susceptibility to a deadly emerging disease
...enetic variation, while eastern populations remain genetically variable. Theory and molecular immunology predict that reduced genetic diversity increases susceptibility to new diseases. Does reduced genetic diversity over a large portion of a species' range imply similarly widespread disease risk? In the April ...Yale researchers use laser light to remote control flies
New Haven, Conn. Scientists at Yale have genetically designed triggers in the brains of fruit flies tha... laser light was used to "broadcast" the signal to genetically engineered "phototriggers" that were expressed only in specific groups of cells. Changing conditions...Viruses may one day help treat brain tumors
...me animals with advanced disease. The study used a genetically altered herpes simplex virus that infects and reproduces only in malignant glioma cells and kills them. The altered virus leaves normal tissues unharmed. Viruses that kill cancer cells are known as oncolytic viruses. The findings are published in th...Remote control flies?: Fly behavior controlled by laser light
... and key system, where the "lock" was the receiver genetically encoded to be expressed in the target neurons, the...could be sure that their system was working. After genetically engineering the flies to express the ion channel in the giant fiber system cells and using the tinie...Cholesterol-regulating protein maintains fat-storage, fat-burning balance
...outhwestern researchers found that "knockout" mice genetically engineered to lack the gene for LXR could not store fat and did not become obese when they were fed a Western-style diet high in both fat and cholesterol. However, knockout mice fed only fat were able to store fat. High-fat diets typically contain b...Unchecked DNA replication drives earliest steps toward cancer
...ong time whether very early precancerous cells are genetically unstable, whether they have an unusually high mutation rate. What we show in this study is that they do have a higher mutation rate than normal through this mechanism." Fortunately, cells have an effective on-board damage control system, managed by ......del. While mice employed in their experiments were genetically modified to produce a green fluorescent protein (GFP), infrared laser light was used to excite GFPs and thus to visualize stained cells in the micoscope via detection of emitted fluorescent light - even through the intact mouse skullcap. Their findin...To sea or not to sea: When it comes to salmon sex, size sometimes doesn't matter
...ons are good some years and bad in others - may be genetically inclined to produce more offspring that are likely to stray. Then there are salmon like the chinook where brothers and sisters from the same parents don't mature and return from sea at the same time, a way of "straying in time" so that a given pair ...Cornell graduate student named 2005 AIBS Emerging Public Policy Leader
... a study on the ecological risks of gene flow from genetically engineered virus-resistant crops to wild crops, an issue she says she enjoys in part because of its political and economic implications. Laughlin has worked as a teaching assistant and lab instructor at Cornell; an environmental scientist at Epsilon...NSAIDs provoke a specific portfolio
... the colon is differentially expressed in patients genetically at risk for hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer or (HNPCC). Also known as Lynch Syndrome, patients with this inherited disorder are at higher risk of developing colorectal cancer and certain other types of cancer, such as ovarian or endometrial canc...Scientists infuse rat spinal cords with brain-derived human stem cells
...endsen and his team approached the problem using a genetically engineered viral structure known as a lentivirus. Collaborating with Patrick Aebischer, a researcher in Switzerland, the scientists manipulated the lentivirus' genetic machinery, directing it to secrete GDNF. The team then infected neural progenitor ...Readers of genome decipher signatures of cancer patient outcomes
...ease progresses," said Glinsky. "Those people are genetically less likely to respond to the conventional therapies that work for many other patients." Early identification of patients who carry in their chromosomes 'the Death from Cancer Signature' will allow clinicians and patients to consider therapeutic stra...Cerebral navigation: How do nerve fibers know what direction to grow in?
... the axon, causing it to turn away. When mice were genetically modified to lack Vav2 and the related Vav3, thereb... ephexin 1 promotes axon growth; neurons from mice genetically modified to lack ephexin1 had significantly shorter axons. But when ephrin is present and binds to E...Mother's prenatal and lactational diet may protect daughters from breast cancer
...onths, instead of years. By using mice programmed genetically to develop tumors in the mammary glands eliminates the element of chance. Harman has observed suppression of tumor growth with as little as two percent omega-3 fatty acids in the diet. "A couple of servings a week may be enough," she said. "A quarte...Brain-mapping technique aids understanding of sleep, wakefulness
...gating the neural network. The technique involves genetically engineering mice to produce a "tracer" protein only in a certain population of neurons. The tracer, a nontoxic fragment of the tetanus toxin, transfers itself from one neuron in retrograde fashion to neurons "upstream" -- those from which the tracer-...