Relative abundance of common microbes living in the gut may contribute to obesity
...icine in St. Louis. The findings indicate that our gut microbes are biomarkers, mediators and potential t...icine in St. Louis. The findings indicate that our gut microbes are biomarkers, mediators and potential therapeutic targets in the war against the worldwid...Study identifies glucose 'sensor' that plays dual role in glucose metabolism and fat synthesis
...etabolism. "When you eat, glucose pours into the gut and is recognized by LXR in the liver, which then activates expression of the enzymes that turn excess glucose into triglycerides that are stored as fat," said Enrique Saez, a Scripps Research scientist who led the study. "The fact that our study dem...JCI table of contents: January 2, 2007
...NTEROLOGY Cell relocation fixes damage to the gut lining The cells lining the intestine (epithel...lows the contents of our intestines, including our gut bacteria, access to our tissues and bloodstream; large numbers of bacteria in the bloodstream can re...Leading cause of US food-borne illness makes its own pathway through cells
...e illness in the United States enters cells of the gut and avoids detection and destruction, according to a presentation at the annual meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology in San Diego in December. While scientists are just beginning to answer basic questions about how Campylobacter jejuni (...Natural gut hormone offers hope for new obesity drug
A hormone found naturally in the gut is the basis of a new drug to tackle obesity, one ...r Bloom and his team identified the role played by gut hormones in appetite control. These hormones are released when a person eats, acting as neurotransmi...Novel approaches to tackling obesity, cancer and MRSA
...nology Transfer Division, Wellcome Trust) Natural gut hormone offers hope for new obesity drug Professor Steve Bloom (Imperial College London) New antibacterials being developed to tackle MRSA Dr Lloyd Czaplewski (Prolysis) Novel approach to cancer drug Professor Jeremy Tavar (University of Bristol)...DOE JGI upgrades IMG/M -- the Metagenomics Data Management & Analysis System
...y Volume 24, Number 10 October 2006), human distal gut (Science 312: 1355-1359, 2 June 2006), a gutless m...50-955, 26 October 2006), and obese and lean mouse gut (Nature 444, 1027-131, 21 December 2006). In addition, IMG/M includes three of the simulated metagen...New approach could lower antibiotic requirements by 50 times
...ded would not disrupt the friendly bacteria in the gut - a big problem with conventional antibiotic treatments. 'The prospect of using such treatments to prolong the life of existing agents and delay the onset of widespread resistance is to be welcomed,' said Jim Spencer a lecturer in microbial pathogen...Stem cells determine their daughters' fate
...enterocytes (ECs)cells that line the inside of the gut and absorb nutrients. But when the Delta signal is..., the ISCs can respond quickly to the needs of the gut lining as it loses cells. On the other hand, they seem rather vulnerable to losing control of cell d...Deep in the ocean, a clam that acts like a plant
... the ocean live communities of giant clams with no gut and no functional digestive system, depending on symbiotic bacteria to use energy locked up in hydrogen sulfide to replace sunlight. Now, the genome of this symbiont has been completely sequenced and published in Science. "The difference here is th...A dietary supplement protects the lives of farm shrimp
...e. It is also a source of butyrate which keeps the gut healthy. "We recently found that PHB-containing bacteria can also be used to protect the shrimp from the vibrios (without extracting the compound from the bacteria) and we are currently testing the potential of such microbes in other animal models....Super-fermenting fungus genome sequenced
...partially digested wood that is encountered in the gut of insects, from where the sequenced strain was originally isolated. FPL has a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) in place with a New York City-based bioenergy company, Xethanol Corporation, which plans to integrate Dr. Jeffries...Scientists find genes involved in the battle between Hessian flies and wheat
...ve system. These poisons then disrupt the insects' gut function. "The larvae probe the plant to open a sustained feeding site," said Jonathan Neal, a Purdue entomologist and another author of the paper. "Resistant plants block the larvae from establishing a feeding site. It's as if larvae keep trying t...Survey finds emotional reactions to nanotechnology
...about this new technology, Americans go with their gut instinctwhich usually reflects their views toward other issues like climate change and nuclear power. When they learn more, they tend to adopt a stance about nanotechnology that fits their political and cultural predispositions," said Kahan, one of t...Researchers identify molecular basis of inflammatory bowel disease
...lso underpin human inflammatory bowel disease. Our gut is home to an enormous number of bacteria, which l...epithelium and contribute to maintaining a healthy gut have remained unknown. Arianna Nenci from the group of Manolis Pasparakis at the University of Colog...Making no bones about it -- digestion in Burmese pythons
...on". Researchers monitored changes in the python gut after feeding. They observed drastic morphological changes, which coincided with a rapid increase in body temperature. Cell replication and death were sparked soon after feeding, as new cells were produced and worn out cells eliminated. In this wa...ACS News Service Weekly PressPac -- April 18, 2007
...g to energy metabolism and the activities of their gut microbes and lived almost two years longer than similar dogs given a slightly higher-calorie diet. The study, which followed 24 dogs lifelong, is scheduled for the May 4 issue of ACS Journal of Proteome Research , a monthly publication. Imperial C...Not so contoversial anymore -- panel says moderate coffee drinking reduces many risks
...absorption and by stimulating the secretion of the gut hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) that is beneficial for the secretion of insulin. However, most mechanistic research on coffee and glucose metabolism has been done in animals and in lab tubes and therefore metabolic studies in humans are curre...Herpes infection may be symbiotic, help beat back some bacteria
...acteria and other microorganisms live in the human gut to the advantage of both the microbes and their human hosts. The results from the Virgin lab are among the first to suggest the potential for symbiotic benefits from viral infections that live in areas beyond epithelial surfaces like the skin, throat...Studies assess effectiveness of serotonin and nerve stimulants on irritable bowel syndromes
... and hypertension) and are important in regulating gut motility. Researchers from the Technical Universi... "Our results show that odorants present in the gut may stimulate serotonin release via olfactory receptors expressed in human enterochromaffin cells in...