Science's Breakthrough of the Year: Watching evolution in action
...xample, plant molecular biologists pinned down the identity of a signal that initiates the seasonal development of flowers. Other research focused on a gene involved in stimulating flowering, and another study highlighted a surprising cache of RNA. The Nature of Neutron Stars: In 2005, new instruments yielded...'Fish with chips' reporting from ocean top highlights at Census of Marine Life mid-point
...IS. MicrOBIS allows researchersto cross-check the identity of collected microbesagainst known species. Discoveries and highlights, 2005: Distribution Unexpected Presences in Arctic: Census explorers inthe Arctic Oceans frigid Canada Basin discovered manycreatures never seen there before, including seve...Scientists develop protein-sequence analysis tool
...ted groups of proteins differ either in amino acid identity or in a property such as charge or polarity. "Experience tells us that such positions are likely to be biologically important for defining the specific functions of the two protein classes," Shanklin said. When the Brookhaven team used the program to...UF study first to quantify validity of DNA I.D. tool using marine snails
...cy of thresholds was examined supposing that their identity was unspecified. In these cases, the researchers determined that thresholds would yield a 17 percent error rate. Besides its benefits to ecology, DNA barcoding has some forensic applications, Meyer said. One applied use already being employed is ide...9/11 panel makes recommendations for DNA-based identification after mass disasters
...e World Trade Center attacks, the exact number and identity of the victims was unknown. More than 20,000 tissue fragments were collected at the site all of which had to be catalogued and analyzed. Researchers found that the DNA derived from the tissue fragments was often mixed with inorganic building mater...New understanding of regeneration gained by Forsyth scientists
...he determination of position relative to - and the identity of - remaining tissue. Michael Levin, PhD., Associate Member of the Staff, said, "This research has important implications for understanding the signaling necessary to build (or re-build) complex structures. By understanding how cells communicate ...Scientists crack code for motor neuron wiring
... work hinted that the Hox code that defines column identity might also be involved in establishing the extreme.... "He found that the Hox proteins involved in pool identity are different from those involved in column identity," said Jessell. "So from these data, the idea b...Throwaway society? Truth is, we really care about getting rid of things
...things so that the pair can carve out their unique identity as a couple.And people continually detach themselves from things which are 'not me', 'no longer me' and perhaps 'never were me'. Professor Gregson said: "What previous research there is into waste is either heavily theoretical or oriented to its man...Wnt signaling controls the fate of stem cells in adult brains
...ng" comes in the form of chemical signals, but the identity of these cues is largely unknown. "In an earlier study with Hong Jun Song, a co-author on this paper and now an assistant professor at Johns Hopkins University, we co-cultured neuronal stem cells with neurons, which gave rise to oligodendrocytes, b...New technologies in the fight against terrorism
... UK will need in the future such as biometrics for identity authentication, screening for explosives and weaponry, geospatial tracking, and financial tracking (and related investigative techniques). ...Did feathered dinosaurs exist?
...e vast majority of evidence supports a 2-3-4 digit identity for bird wings. The bird hand "appears different from that in theropod dinosaurs," they say, and casts doubt upon the theropod derivation hypothesis. Finally, they discuss the significance of the Chinese discoveries with respect to bird origin and fl...Brain regulates initial stages of sex change in social fish
...omatase activity. "This study shows us that sexual identity involves a complex interplay among the brain, physiology and behavior," said Grober. "If you accept sexual variation is a part of the normal human condition, we can ask questions in fish that may tell us more about who we are."...Same-sex mating by fungi spawned infection outbreak, evidence suggests
...observed in nature." In plants and animals, sexual identity is governed by sex chromosomes, Heitman explained. In fungi, however, sexual identity is determined by so-called "mating type loci," genes arranged contiguously, but which typically do n...Fast, accurate detection of explosives on airport luggage possible
...all tandem mass spectrometers that can confirm the identity of a particular explosive, gives this method both unusual sensitivity and quick turnaround time, even compared with what we achieved earlier this year." Talaty said the team's forthcoming spectrometry gear, which will weigh less than 25 pounds, fits ...Learning how SARS spikes its quarry
...mutations in the spike protein gene that alter the identity of amino acids at those sites can affect the virus's ability to infect humans. Such mutations enable viral transmission by altering the shape of the spike protein, which affects how well it binds to the ACE2 receptor, explained Harrison. In particula......t it appears to act to reinforce and maintain cell identity during times of rapid growth. The authors find th... Dmir-1 in the maintenance of muscle integrity and identity in times of stress induced by growth. Dr. Sokol proposes that "Mir-1 could function generally to ma...Software 'agents' could help unmask reality of disease clusters
...ted, altered or aggregated in order to protect the identity of individual patients. But researchers say that these measures often make it impossible for them to carry out accurate geographical analyses of public health concerns, and may even result in misleading information being used in healthcare decisions....New study to explore cellular circuitry
...n) and allow those cells to survive. Learning the identity of the proteins that can re-wire particular mutant cells will also help researchers complete the wiring diagram. "A completed yeast cell diagram would help us build one for humans," said Elizabeth J. Grayhack, Ph.D., a research associate professor ...New genome comparison finds chimps, humans very similar at DNA level
...s shows our closest living relatives share perfect identity with 96 percent of our DNA sequence, an international research consortium reported today. In a paper published in the Sept. 1 issue of the journal Nature, the Chimpanzee Sequencing and Analysis Consortium, which is supported in part by the National H...Ethical and scientific guidelines for study of captive great apes
...nd chimpanzees share more than 99 percent sequence identity in genes and proteins, while having accumulated more differences in the rest of their DNA. Indeed, the great apes chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas and orangutans are now grouped with humans in the family Hominidae. Their close kinship to us makes the...